APHG Final
You are a furniture maker and use pinewood to make tables and chairs. It costs about the same to ship the pinewood to your factory as it does to bring your furniture to the market as both have close to the same weight. Where do you put your factory in relation to the pine forest and the market to maximize transportation costs?
anywhere you want in between them
What country buys over half of the world's annual production of coffee?
the United States
The first industrial cities of Europe were
near cities such as Birmingham and Manchester because of access to raw materials.
Computer technical support jobs are increasingly being outsourced to India, because of improvements in telecommunication technology. Which term best exemplifies this trend?
Space-time compression.
Based on the statistics given in the chart below, which stage of Rostow's model would each of these countries fit into (from top to bottom)?
Stage 1, Stage 5, Stage 2, Stage 5
Which of the following regions has the lowest overall Human Development Index (HDI) ranking?
Sub-Saharan Africa
Which of the following development schools of thought advocates that the dynamic between highly developed and developing countries, permanently keeps less developed countries at an economic disadvantage?
World-Systems Theory
The main goal of NAFTA has been to
more closely integrate the economies of Mexico, Canada and the U.S.
Mexico's system of maquiladoras is located
on the Mexico-U.S. border
What agricultural practice is employed by people who move from place to place with their cattle?
pastoral nomadism
Contemporary manufacturing is characterized by
spatial disaggregation of the production process
Lower income countries producing cash crops such as sugarcane
are at the mercy of purchasing countries who set the price
All of the following are factors of industrial location EXCEPT:
culture of a region
China has successfully integrated these into their industrial and economic environment.
SEZs
Which of the following is not an NIC?
U.S.
If the production of a finished product requires 1000 lbs. of iron ore and 100 lbs. of silver, calculate the total cost of shipping the product to the market if the shipping
$12,000
In cities like Brussels, Washington DC, and Plano, technopoles have sprung up around
Airports and universities
Often crops are associated with regions other than the one in which they were developed. For example, the "Irish" or "Idaho" potato originated in the Andean Highlands. Corn of the American "Corn Belt" originated in
Central America
Which of the following statements regarding the information in the table below ,is most likely false?
Denmark's low amount of agricultural economic output reflects its limited amount of arable land and high rates of mechanization
The measurement that examines the number of people under 15 or over 65 compared to the working age population is called
Dependency Ratio
Which of the following scenarios best explains the Columbian Exchange?
Domesticated animals such as cattle, horses, pigs, and chickens were introduced to the Americas by European colonizers. Prior to this, very few animals had been domesticated in the Americas.
Which of the following regions in the late 20th and early 21st century had the largest increases in GDP per capita?
East Asia
Which of the following countries has engaged in dollarization as a result of their dependency on the U.S?
El Salvador
What is the total value of all goods and services produced in the U.S. as well as money earned by U.S. companies located in other countries?
GNP
Which of these factors is vital to economic development?
High GNP
Which of the following would be an economic incentive for a company to locate using agglomeration?
Increased transportation networks
Many United States high tech companies have been outsourcing many of their technical support and other tertiary jobs to which of the following countries?
India
Prior to the Industrial Revolution, which of the following best describes manufacturing?
Individual families produced goods by hand or on individual spinning wheels
Which of the following would be an example of a quaternary industry?
Internet service providers
Which of the following is the best criticism of Rostow's model?
It isn't applicable across local, regional and global scales
Which of these statements about core-periphery relationships is correct in characterizing the global economic system?
It works to the disadvantage of periphery countries
All of the following are accurate comparisons of economic indicators in More Developed Countries (MDC's) and Less Developed Countries (LDC's) EXCEPT:
LDCs generally have higher levels of social development than MDCs do
Which of the following best explains why many companies continue to locate factories in traditional manufacturing regions like the northeast United States and Western Europe?
Large pool of skilled labor and quick delivery to large markets.
Which of the following best captures a structuralist interpretation of the development gap?
Less-developed countries remain poor because they are continually exploited by more-developed countries seeking resources and labor.
According to the Human Development Index (HDI) which of the following would be considered a social measurement of development?
Literacy rate.
Hotelling is connected with what location theory?
Locational interdependence
Which location theory showed that an industry cannot be situated somewhere without reference to the location of other industries of the like kind?
Locational interdependence
Which of the following theorists came up with the location theory designed around finding the zone of profitability?
Losch
In which state or province is the long-lot land division most common?
Louisiana
Which of the following demographic characteristics of development would not be typical of a Less Developed Country (LDC)?
Low Crude Birth Rate (CBR).
Which of these statements about maquiladoras is most accurate?
Maquiladora districts employ about 1 million workers and account for about 50 percent of Mexico's exports.
Which of these agricultural practices most closely resembles intensive agriculture?
Market Gardening
Which of the following development schools of thought advocates that countries proceed through progressive stages of economic structural change? Less developed countries should follow the path that Western Europe and North America took during the Industrial Revolution.
Modernization
Which of the following is NOT a reason why a large number of corporations are moving to the Sunbelt?
More break of bulk points
Which of the statements below is true about worldwide coffee production?
Most coffee is grown near the equator
Which of the following statements regarding deindustrialization is false?
Most of the manufacturing jobs lost in Europe and North America during deindustrialization have returned, again making these regions the world's leading producers of manufactured goods
Maquiladoras, like the one in Mexico pictured above, are connected to what geographic concept?
New International Division of Labor
In which of the following regions are mixed livestock and crop farming most common?
North America and Europe
Based on the figures in the table below, which country is most likely in the "Take-Off" stage of Rostow's Model of Development?
North Korea
Which region of the world traditionally has the lowest gender inequality index?
Northern Europe
Which of the following descriptions is least accurate?
Post-Fordist workers often work on equal terms and conditions with managers.
Bentonville, Arkansas has seen a boost in industry to their town as a result of what?
Relocation of businesses to be closer to their retailer, Walmart
All of the following are UN Millennium Goals EXCEPT:
Restricting gender empowerment for women
By 1992, the most widely grown crop variety on Earth was a product of the Green Revolution called IR36, which was a variety of:
Rice
This city began industrializing as part of the spillover effect from transportation up the Rhine River. It also used to be the busiest ports in the world.
Rotterdam
The Second Urban Revolution was stimulated and spread globally by the
Second Agricultural Revolution
The IMF agreed to give Kenya a $2 million loan on the condition that the government would sell an electrical company in its northern region to a private corporation. This situation demonstrates which of the following concepts?
Structural adjustments
Which of the following countries has a relatively high "Young-age Dependency ratio"?
Sudan
All of the following led to the Industrial Revolution EXCEPT:
The creation of the railroad
Agricultural settlement patterns are partly determined by the survey system used to organize landownership. Which of the following best describes the survey methods used to delineate agricultural land and the associated settlement patterns shown in the two images below?
The first image shows a long-lot survey method with a linear settlement pattern, and the second image shows a metes-and- bounds survey method with a dispersed settlement pattern.
Which of the following best describes the survey system used in both locations shown below ?
Township and range: unit-block field patterns with dispersed farmsteads and occasional villages
Which country no longer manufactures a significant amount of clothing?
United States
Which of the following has the highest per capita GNI?
United States
In Weber's least cost theory, what are the two major factors he said controlled cost of transportation?
Weight of the good and distance to the market
Which of the following factors helps to explain why automobile manufacturing facilities are being constructed in the southern United States as opposed to the traditional locations of Michigan and other states in the Midwest?
Workers in the South are less likely to join a union, thereby keeping labor costs down
Which of the following industries would most likely be market oriented?
Windshields
Which of the following best describes the pattern of coffee bean production at the global scale?
Within tropical latitudes
A clustering of rubber tire and windshield producers near automobile assembly plants is best explained by the benefits of
agglomeration
As a country's economy develops, a smaller percentage of the workforce tends to be employed in
agriculture, because investment in technology increases yields and decreases labor demand
Multinational corporations take advantage of geographic differences in
all of the above
During the 1800s Industrial Revolution, the most important fuel source for manufacturing was...
coal
One important element in the development of shifting cultivation was
controlled use of fire
Which of the following agricultural activities is widespread in the N.E. U.S. and N.W. Europe?
dairying
The country shown in the pie graph is probably a
developed country
The graph above shows the increasing sales over a period of time for what category of agricultural products?
fair trade crops
In Rostow's stages of development model, achieving complete economic maturity is characterized by
high mass consumption
All of the following are advantages of outsourcing EXCEPT:
it simplifies logistics of transportation of parts and products.
In von Thünen's model there was a concentric circle of forest around the city because
it would provide lumber and firewood
The dark regions on this map would describe high rates for all of the following indicators of development EXCEPT:
literacy rates
Which of the following is not associated with core production processes?
low-wage labor
According to Rostow's modernization theory, one effect of the drive to technological maturity is a(n)
narrowing of the gap between the rich and the poor
In the pre-industrial phase of urban settlement in the US, the economy was dominated by:
primary activities
In Rostow's model, identifying the levels and stages of economic development, in what sector of the economy are most workers employed in those few countries achieving the 5th stage?
service
The first tools used by humans in hunting were
simple clubs
All of the following are ways to create growth for individuals in a peripheral country EXCEPT:
structural adjustment loans
A free trade zone is an area where
the normal trade laws of a country, such as tariffs, bureaucratic requirements, and quotas are eliminated in hopes of stimulating foreign trade and industry
Which describes a change in agriculture that shows the clearest impact of development of agribusiness?
the small-scale farming sector has grown stronger.
The location of Europe's primary industrial regions still reflects
the spatial diffusion of the Industrial Revolution
What specific service sector are many deindustrialized areas investing in?
tourism
Weber's location theory uses all of the following factors to determine optimum location of a manufacturing facility except
transportation cost
Export-processing zones are most often located in
underdeveloped regions of developing nations
