APP 5
raymond recently got a job that required him to occasionally work night shifts during which he is extremely sleepy. he is also experiencing difficulty sleeping during the day. his symptoms are most likely due to disruption of his
circadian rhythm
Prior to age 9, children's dreams seem more like a slide show and less like an active story in which the dreamer is an actor. This best illustrates that the content of dreams reflect children's
cognitive development
alcohol consumption disrupts the processing of recent experiences into long-term memory by
decreasing REM sleep
when cocaine is snorted, free-based, or injected, it produces a rush of euphoria by
depleting the brain's supply of dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine
which of the following typically occurs during REM sleep
genital arousal
hypnosis involves a state of
heightened openness to suggestion
researchers have demonstrated that hypnosis can be useful in treated all of the following conditions except
helping individuals with drug, alcohol, or smoking addictions
Margie insists that she never dreams, but her sister feels she can prove otherwise. To prove that Margie does dream, the sister should
let Margie sleep a little more than an hour then wake her of sleep an ask her what she's dreaming
The lack of the neurotransmitter orexin, which is linked to alertness, has been linked to which of the following sleep disorders
narcolepsy
which of the following sleep disorders would be the most incapacitating for a commercial bus driver
narcolepsy
by triggering the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, ______ boosts alertness and diminishes appetite
nicotine
which of the following drugs is classified as a stimulant
nicotine
About three hours after he falls asleep, Bobby often sits up in bed screaming incoherently. His mother tries to awaken him, but with no success. His pulse races and he gasps for breath. The next morning, he remembers nothing. Bobby suffers from
night terrors
chronic sleep debt is most likely to promote
obesity
research indicates that memories retrieved during hypnosis are
often a combination of fact and fiction
REM sleep is called paradoxical sleep because
our nervous system is highly active, while our voluntary muscles hardly move and we are externally calm
If Marty doesn't drink caffeinated sodas daily, he experiences severe headaches. Marty is most clearly showing signs of
physical dependence
physical pain and intense cravings indicate
physical dependence
some researchers suggest that the brain activity associated with REM sleep provides the sleeping brain with periodic stimulation needed to build and preserve neural pathways during sleep. this finding supports which of the following dream theories
physiological function
just prior to awakening John from a hypnotic state, the therapist told him that during the next few days he would feel nauseous whenever he ate sweets. John's therapist was attempting to make use of
posthypnotic suggestion
alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and a wide variety of other chemical agents that alter perceptions and moods are called
psychoactive drugs
alpha waves are associated with
relaxed but awake
according to Freud's wish fulfillment dream theory, dreams allow us to
satisfy wishes hidden in our subconscious that would be inappropriate in our waking consciousness
LSD and other powerful hallucinogens are chemically similar to and therefore block the actions of a sub type of the "feel good" neurotransmitter
serotonin
Mr. Dayton occasionally stops breathing while sleeping. He wakes up to snort air for a few seconds before falling back to sleep. Mrs. Dayton complains he snores. Mr. Dayton suffers from
sleep apnea
jackie's doctor has advised her to lose weight. Among his concerns are that obesity is a risk factor for developing which of the following sleep disorders
sleep apnea
rhythm bursts of brain activity that occur during stage 2 sleep are called
sleep spindles
according to the ------ theory, hypnotized people believe they are hypnotized and play their role accordingly by letting the hypnotist direct their attention
social influence
the hypnagogic sensations of falling or floating are most likely to occur during which sleep state
stage 1
Sleep talking is most likely to occur during stage 1 sleep stage 2 sleep stage 3 sleep
stage 3/ delta
what is most likely to occur when the brain is repeatedly flooded with artificial opiates
the brain stops producing endorphin
which of the following is most accurate about a typical night's sleep
the sleep cycle repeats itself about every 90 minutes
what do methamphetamine, ecstasy, and cocaine have in common
they excite neural activity and arouse body functions
the need to take larger doses of a drug in order to experience its effects is an indication of
tolerance
which of the following is true of night terrors
typically occur during stage 4
Terry has not had a decent night of sleep in over a week. If this sleep deprivation continues, he will become increasingly susceptible to
viral infections
How is the hypothalamus involved in sleep?
In response to decreasing light the hypothalamus' suprachiastmatic nucleus causes the pineal gland to increase production of melatonin, leading you to sleep.
after Carlos had been asleep for about an hour and a half, his heart began to beat faster, his breathing became fast and irregular, and his closed eyes began to dart back and forth. Carlos was most likely experiencing
REM sleep
Twenty-two-year-old Felicia scores high in hypnotic responsiveness as measured by the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale. Research suggests that Felicia may also have
a rich fantasy life
which theory suggests that dreams are mental responses to make sense of random bursts of neural stimulation that occur during sleep
activation-synthesis theory
drugs such as barbiturates and opiates that calm neural activity and slow body function are called
depressants
a split in consciousness during hypnosis allows the subject to be focused on the hypnotist's suggestions with part of the brain but to be conscious of other stimuli at the same time, this theory involves
dissociation
which of the following is bad advice for a person trying to overcome insomnia
drink a glass of wine 15 minutes before bedtime
the release of stored serotonin and the eventual damage of serotonin-producing neurons is most closely associated with long-term use of
ecstasy
research has indicated that hypnosis
enables some people to undergo surgery with only a local anesthesia
which of the following is true of alcohol
in large doses, it is a depressant; in small doses, it is a depressant
which dream theory suggests that we consolidate the day's memories and learning during REM sleep
information processing
layla has difficulty going to sleep and staying asleep. layla is most likely suffering from
insomnia
which is true about melatonin
it is a sleep hormone released by the pineal gland into the bloodstream
the discomfort and distress that follow the discontinued use of certain drugs is called
withdrawal