Application Activity - week 4

Pancreas

This organ releases enzymes (lipases) that digest fats and phospholipids.

Because she's pregnant, Regina is interested in eating more foods that contain high amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Which of the following foods is an excellent source of EPA and DHA? Cooked turkey Almond beverage ("almond" milk) Tuna casserole Peanut butter

Tuna casserole

A lipase _________.

digests fats

Regina is a 22-year-old college student who wants to follow the Dietary Guidelines' recommendations concerning the intake of trans fat. Therefore, Regina should ______.

keep her trans fat intake as low as possible while following a healthy diet

A monounsaturated fatty acid differs from a saturated fatty acid. In a monounsaturated fatty acid, _______.

there is one double bond in the carbon chain

According to the Dietary Guidelines, adults should limit their saturated fat intake to less than 10% of their total daily caloric intake. If you consume 2200 kcal per day, you should limit your saturated fat intake to fewer than about _______ grams of saturated fat per day.

24 grams of saturated fat per day. 2200/10 = 220 cal x 9 = grams

According to the Dietary Guidelines, adults should limit their saturated fat intake to less than 10% of their total daily caloric intake. If you consume 2800 kcal per day, you should limit your saturated fat intake to fewer than _______ kcal per day.

280

Regina's grandmother is teaching her how to make mayonnaise. She explains that mayonnaise is made using oil, salt, vinegar (or lemon juice), and egg yolks. Lecithin in the egg yolks acts as an emulsifier. What's an emulsifier?

An emulsifier is a substance that helps fat-soluble and water-soluble compounds mix with each other.

Saturated Fats

Beef fat Butter

small intestine

In this organ, absorptive cells remove monoglycerides, fatty acids, glycerol, and cholesterol from chyme.

Identify which of the following substances are essential fatty acids. (Check all that apply.)

Linoleic acid Partially hydrogenated oil Alpha-linolenic acid

Stomach

Little digestion happens in this organ

Monounsaturated Fat

Olive oil Canola oil

Partially hydrogenated oils (PHOs) contain artificial trans fatty acids. The FDA has banned the addition of PHOs to processed foods. Why?

PHOs were sources of artifical trans fats that might increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Gallbladder

Releases bile containing bile salts into the chyme, emulsifying the lipids.

Polyunsaturated Fat

Sunflower oil grapeseed oil

Lipids play very important roles in your body. Which of the following statements is true? (Check all that apply.)

-Body fat helps insulate the body against cold temperatures. - Certain fatty acids help regulate inflammation. - Body fat cushions the body against injuries from blows and falls -Certain lipids are needed to absorb water-soluble vitamins.

Atherosclerosis contributes to cardiovascular disease by _______.

-reducing inflammation - slowing blood flow through the arteries and allowing clots to form - reducing blood pressure to low levels -forming plaque in the arteries that supply the heart

Put the fats and oils in order from the one that contains the greatest percentage of saturated fatty acids (1) to the one that contains the lowest percentage of saturated fatty acids (5).

1 - Coco butter 2- butter 3- chicken fat 4- olive oil 5- canola oil

Put the fats in order from the one that contains the greatest percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (1) to the one that contains the lowest percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (5).

1- Olive oil 2- Canola oil 3- peanut oil 4- butter 5- coconut oil