Apush 1920s/1930s

Calvin Coolidge

(1923-1925) and (1925-1929), taciturn; small gov't conservative; laissez faire ideology; in favor of immigration restriction (Immigration Act); reduced the tax burden; the Bonus Bill was passed over his veto; Revenue Act of 1924; Kellogg-Briand Pact

Stock Market Crash

(1929)The steep fall in the prices of stocks due to widespread financial panic. It was caused by stock brokers who called in the loans they had made to stock investors. This caused stock prices to fall, and many people lost their entire life savings as many financial institutions went bankrupt black Tuesday Hoover

Herbert Hoover

(1929-1933) The New York Stock Market Crashes October 29, 1929 "Black Tuesday". The 20th Amendment is passed and added and the 21st Amendment is passed by 1933.

National Origins Act

(CC) 1924 was a United States federal law that limited the number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the United States in 1890, according to the Census of 1890. It excluded immigration of Asians, first was from 3%

Federal Deposit Insurance corporation

(FDI) A United States government corporation created by the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933. It provides deposit insurance, which guarantees the safety of deposits in member banks, currently up to $250,000 per depositor per bank NEW DEAL

Social Security Act

(FDR) 1935, guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health

Great Depression

(HH) , starting with collapse of the US stock market in 1929, overproduction of consumer goods buying on credit/stock market speculate uneven distribution of income weak farm economy gov policies global econ probs

Hawley-Smoot Tariff

(HH) 1930 , charged a high tax for imports thereby leading to less trade between America and foreign countries along with some economic retaliatio, HIGHEST EVER

Grapes of Wrath

-novel written by John Steinbeck, Set during the Great Depression, a poor family of tenant farmers driven from their Oklahoma home by drought, economic hardship, and changes in financial and agricultural industries due to their nearly hopeless situation, and in part because they were trapped in the Dust Bowl, set out for Californi DUST BOWL

Margaret Sanger

1921 - founded American Birth Control League; which became Planned Parenthood in the 1940s. Advocated birth control awareness.

emergency quota act

1921 limited immigration by nation -> 3% of # foreign-born people in US

Scopes Trial

1925 court case in which Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan debated the issue of teaching evolution in public schools

Warren Harding

29th president of the US; Republican; "Return to Normalcy" (life as it had been before WWI-peace, isolation); presidency was marred by scandal

Scottsboro Boys case

9 blacks were accused of raping 2 white women and were sentenced to death, an outrage occurred and the ruling was overturned

National Relations Act

A 1935 law, also known as the Wagner Act, that guarantees workers the right of collective bargaining sets down rules to protect unions and organizers, and created the National Labor Relations Board to regulate labor-managment relations.

National Recovery Act

A New Deal legislation that focused on the employment of the unemployed and the regulation of unfair business ethics. The NIRA pumped cash into the economy to stimulate the job market and created codes that businesses were to follow to maintain the ideal of fair competition and created the NRA. HUGH JOHNSON NEW DEAL RECOVERY

American Liberty League

A conservative anti-New Deal organization.. It criticized the "dictatorial" policies of Roosevelt and what it perceived to be his attacks on the free enterprise system.

Clarence Darrow

A famed criminal defense lawyer for Scopes, who supported evolution. He caused William Jennings Bryan to appear foolish when Darrow questioned Bryan about the Bible.

teapot dome scandal

A government scandal involving a former United States Navy oil reserve in Wyoming that was secretly leased to a private oil company in 1921 (Albert FAll)

Dawes Plan

A plan to revive the German economy, the United States loans Germany money which then can pay reparations to England and France, who can then pay back their loans from the U.S. This circular flow of money was a success.

Tennessee Valley Authority established

A relief, recovery, and reform effort that gave 2.5 million poor citizens jobs and land. It brought cheap electric power, low-cost housing, cheap nitrates, and the restoration of eroded soil.

Bessie Smith

African American blues singer who played and important role in the Harlem Reniassance.

Marcus Garvey

African American leader durin the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa. Was deported to Jamaica in 1927.

Who among the following individuals or groups would most directly oppose the philosophy of the New Deal as explained in this excerpt? (Kennedy)

American Liberty League

John Steinback

American writer. Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Grapes of Wrath (1939), and Of Mice and Men (1937). As the author of twenty-seven books, including sixteen novels, six non-fiction books, and five collections of short stories, Steinbeck received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1962

Washington Conference

An international conference on the limitation of naval fleet construction begins in Washington. Under the leadership of the American Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes the representatives of the USA, Great Britain, France, Italy, and Japan pledge not to exceed the designated sizes of their respective naval fleets

Sacco and Vanzetti trial

Anti-redism. Convicted 1921 of murder of Mass. paymaster and his guard. Jury and judge prejudiced because defendants were Italian, atheists, anarchist, draft dodgers, etc. Electrocuted 6 years later

Which of the following most directly supports the argument found in the above excerpt? (BETWEEN THE WARS)

Appointment of Harry M. Daugherty as Attorney General

Mitchell Palmer

Attorney General who rounded up many suspects who were thought to be un-American and socialistic; he helped to increase the Red Scare; he was nicknamed the "Fighting Quaker" until a bomb destroyed his home; he then had a nervous breakdown and became known as the "Quaking Fighter."

Twentieth Amendment

Constitutional amendment moving presidential inauguration from March to January

Which of the following most directly supports the authors analysis? (Oky)

Farm income fell from ...

Which of the following groups faced the most difficult economic conditions during the 1920s?

Farmers and many rural areas

Good Neighbor Policy

Franklin D. Roosevelt policy in which the U.S. pledged that the U.S. would no longer intervene in the internal affairs of Latin American countries. This reversed Teddy Roosevelt's Big Stick Policy.

Babe Ruth

He was a famous baseball player who played for the Yankees. He helped developed a rising popularity for professional sports.

Bonus Army March

Hoover unemployed Veterans from WWI who wanted their $1,000 bonus checks now. Hoover wanted the veterans to leave so he brought in Douglas MacArthur who led the army evacuation march in washington

Duke Elington

Jazz orchestra/ American composer/ pionist

Fair Labor Standards Act

June 25, 1938- United States federal law that applies to employees engaged in and producing goods for interstate commerce. The FLSA established a national minimum wage, guaranteed time and a half for overtime in certain jobs, and prohibited most employment of minors in "oppressive child labor," a term defined in the statute. The FLSA is administered by the Wage & Hour Division of the United States Department of Labor.

Which of the following developments in the 1920s would most directly support the author's sentiments in the excerpt? (Margaret Sanger)

Liberalized divorce laws

Which of the following was designed to provide long term "job security" for workers?

National Labor Relations Act

T. S. Elliot

Poet earth is going 2 end industrial age/urban experience

Which of the following most influenced thinking about sexual behavior during the 1920s?

Popularization of Sigmund Freud (neurologist)

Francis Perkins

Roosevelt's Secretary of Labor and first woman cabinet member in U.S. history.

diff in immigrant legislation of 1920s

S & E Europeans

Which of the following most directly addressed "security for capitalists"?

Security and Exchange Commision

The excerpt suggests that Eleanor Roosevelt knew that her position could most harm her husband's standing with which of the following groups?

Southern Democrats

Alphabet Soup

Term used to refer to the group of New Deal programs created to provide "Relief, Reform, and Recovery" for American citizens, banks, and businesses during the Great Depression.

Which of the following cites an event that mostly clearly challenges the interpretation expressed in the above excerpt? (BETWEEN THE WARS)

The Washington Conference of 1921

Many historians criticize the generation reaching maturity during and just after World War I, a high proportion of whose men were killed during those years the economy that developed during the 1920s. Which of the following statements best supports that point of view?

The boom was based on speculation and borrowed money

Which of the following trends of the 1920s is mostly clearly portrayed in this ad? (cars on credit)

The use of extended payment plans to purchase consumer goods

Which of the following would most likely support a belief that the gov was "against the common ppl"?

Treatment of the Bonus Marchers

Which of the following was most directly related to the phrase in the testimony "the necessity for relief for our suffering fellow citizens"?

Twenty-five percent of the workforce was unemployed

The administration of which of the following presidents who served between 1865 and 1900 most closely resembles the corruption of the Harding administration

Ulysses S. Grant HORRIBLE PRESIDENT

William Jennings Bryan

United States lawyer and politician who advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a Tennessee high school (1860-1925)

Hoover Administration

When he elected to the presidency in 1928, Americans viewed him as a man who would further boost the nation's growing prosperity. During his term of office, however, came the onset of the Great Depression, and the ensuing struggle of the government to relieve Americans and recover the economy. Unfortunately for this president, his ideologies, such as rugged individualism, and legislation were not as effective in restoring prosperity to the nation. SAYS DEPRESSION WOULD GO AWAY

Home Loan Bank Act

a United States federal law passed in 1932 under President Herbert Hoover in order to lower the cost of home ownership. It established the Federal Home Loan Bank Board to charter and supervise federal savings and loan institutions. It also created the banks which lend to S & Ls in order to finance home mortgages.

F. Scott Fitzgerald

a novelist and chronicler of the jazz age. his wife, zelda and he were the "couple" of the decade but hit bottom during the depression. his novel THE GREAT GATSBY is considered a masterpiece about a gangster's pursuit of an unattainable rich girl. created idea of flapper

Civilian Conservation Corps

a public work relief program for unemployed men so they have jobs. the men worked on jobs related to conservation and development of natural resources 100 DAYS

Brain Trust

adivosrs support FDR

Langston Hughes

african am writer of Harlem Renaissance negro speaks of rivers mother to son (poet laurete of harlem)

long term US

assembly line FORD

harry Daugherty

bribes, not prosecute criminals attorney general

courts in FDR way

court packing

Upton Sinclair Critic

end poverty with EPIC $50 pension 4 poor over 60 production rather than profit workshops for unemployer

lost generation

ernest hemingway france marriage the generation reaching maturity during and just after World War I, a high proportion of whose men were killed during those years.

support fitzgerald

farmers, African am

Charles Limburg

greatest hero of the 1920's and 1st man to fly solo across the atlantic

Kellogg-Brian Pact

known as a victory for peace, all signing nations agreed to abandon war to settle by peaceful terms; most notable foreign policy achievements of the Coolidge administration

disillusionment among writers

materalism

Eleanor Roosevelt expressed the most independence from President Franklin Roosevelt and his advisors in her

opposition to racial discrimination

changed attitudes towards prohibition

organized crime

Al Capone

organized crime A famous Chicago gangster who made a fortune ($60 million in one year) off of bootlegging, and "murdered" his way to the top of the crime network, buying off public officials, the police, and judges. He was not convicted of any wrongdoing, however, until a judge in a federal court convicted him of income-tax evasion and sent him to jail in 1931.

support Leuchtenburg

overproduction buying on credit

Critic Coughlin

radiopriest national uinor 4 social justice issue currency/nationalize banks anti-semetic/facist

New Deal

relief for people out of work recovery for business and the economy reform of American economic institution financial recovery reform programs

source of conflict in Am society during 1920

scopes trial

Huey Long

share our wealth "every man a king" $5000 for every1

slaves

sharecroppers, live on rural lands

Albert Fall

took a fall, cabinet He was Secretery of the Interior during Harding's administration, and was a scheming anticonservationist. He was convicted of leasing naval oil reserves and collecting bribes, which was called the Tea Pot Dome scandal.

Lui Amstrong

trumpet Jazz

Coolidge Administration

worked to help wealthy Americans through tax cuts and other pro-business activities after Harding