APUSH ch. 16

All told, only about ____ of white southerners owned slaves or belonged to a slaveholding family.

1/4

The voice of white southern abolitionism fell silent at the beginning of the

1830s.

In society's basement in the South of 1860, there were nearly ____ million black human chattels.

4

In some counties of the deep South, especially along the lower Mississippi River, blacks accounted for more than ____ percent of the population.

75

Arrange the following in chronological order: the founding of the (A) American Colonization Society, (B) American Anti-Slavery Society, and (C) Liberty party.

A, B, C

Match each abolitionist below with his publication. A. William Lloyd Garrison 1. Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World B. Theodore Dwight Weld 2. The Liberator C. Frederick Douglass 3. Narration of the Life of ____ D. David Walker 4. American Slavery as It Is

A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1

Slaves fought the system of slavery by

All of these choices are correct.

In 1839, enslaved Africans rose up aboard the Spanish slave ship

Amistad.

Uncle Tom's Cabin was written in 1852 by

Harriet Beecher Stowe.

All of the following are true statements about free blacks except

In the north, they forged ties with Irish, who similarly worked in menial jobs

Which one of the following has the least in common with the other four?

John C. Calhoun

Many abolitionists turned to political action in 1840, when they backed the presidential candidate of the

Liberty Party

Proslavery whites defended the institution of slavery in all of the following ways except

They claimed that slaves were set free after they reached old age

Match each abolitionist below with his role in the movement.

Wendell Phillips: abolitionist golden trumpet, Frederick Douglass: black abolitionist Elijah P. Lovejoy: abolitionist martyr William Lloyed Garrison: abolitionist newspaper publisher

The idea of transporting blacks back to Africa was

an expression of widespread American racism

Plantation mistresses

commanded a sizable household staff of mostly female slaves.

As their main agricultural crop, southern subsistence farmers raised

corn

As a result of white southerners' brutal treatment of their slaves and their fear of potential slave rebellions, the South

developed a theory of biological racial superiority to justify slavery.

For free blacks living in the North

discrimination against blacks concerning employment, the right to vote, and obtaining a public education was common.

Northern attitudes toward free blacks before the Civil War have been described as

disliking individuals but liking the race

Members of the planter aristocracy

dominated society and politics in the South.

By 1860, the overwhelming majority of all southern whites did not own slaves, but instead

farmed an annually rotated sequential mix of wheat, tobacco, rice, and cotton.

European immigration to the South was discouraged most profoundly by

fierce economic competition with slave labor.

All of the following were characteristic of slaves in the mid-nineteenth century United States except

floggings were very uncommon and rare.

The profitable southern slave system

hobbled the economic development of the region as a whole

Most slaves were raised

in stable two-parent households

Plantation agriculture was wasteful largely because

its excessive cultivation of cotton despoiled good land.

All of the following were weaknesses of the slave plantation system except that

its land continued to remain predominately in the hands of the small farmers.

Slaves were denied an education because

masters believed that reading brought new ideas that might lead to their discontent.

By the mid-nineteenth century

most slaves lived on large plantations.

All of the following were true of slavery in the South except that

most slaves were raised in single unstable parent households.

The most pro-Union of the white southerners were

mountain whites residing in the Appalachian range.

The great increase of the slave population in the first half of the nineteenth century was largely due to

natural reproduction.

By 1860, slaves were concentrated in the "black belt" located in the

old South states of Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina.

Forced separation of spouses, parents, and children was most common

on small plantations and in the Upper South.

In arguing for the continuation of slavery after 1830, southerners

placed themselves in opposition to much of the rest of the western world

Some southern slaves gained their freedom as a result of

purchasing their way out of slavery

The plantation system of the Cotton South before the Civil War

resembled a tightly controlled oligarchy in its monopolistic features.

As a result of the introduction of the cotton gin

slavery was reinvigorated in the South.

Most white southerners were

subsistence farmers.

The idea of recolonizing blacks back to Africa was

supported by the black leader Martin Delaney

All the following were true of the American economy under Cotton Kingdom except

the South reaped all the profits from the cotton trade.

Slavery's greatest psychological horror, and the theme of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, was

the enforced separation of slave families

William Lloyd Garrison pledged his dedication to

the immediate abolition of slavery in the South

By 1860, life for slaves was most difficult in the

the new southwest states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana.

Slaves regarded the least prosperous, non-slaveholding whites as

their equals in doing the least desirable work.

The majority of southern whites owned no slaves because

they could not afford the purchase price.

In Varying Viewpoints: What Was the True Nature of Slavery, the contemporary historian Eugene Genovese agrees with previous historians of American slavery that

this southern institution embraced a form of economic paternalism which reflected the need of southern slaveholders to control and coax labor out of their reluctant and recalcitrant "investments."

Those in the North who opposed the abolitionists believed that these opponents of slavery

were creating disorder and havoc in America that threatened the nation's constitutional fabric

As a substitute for the wage-incentive system, slaveowners most often used the

whip as a motivator