apush ch 2

why did few people move to new france?

-Louis XIV drafted tons of men into military service -Louis XIV banned French Huguenots from migrating to New France bc he feared hey would win converts and take control of the colony -French legal system gave peasants rights to their village land, whereas migrants to New France faced an oppressive aristocracy and church dominated feudal system

lord baltimore

Catholic aristocrat who King Charles I of England granted lands to. He founded Maryland, which became a refuge for Catholics who were subject to persecution in England

metacom

Indian chief who attacked white settlers throughout new england and destroyed 1/5 of towns in Massachusetts and rhode island

zambo

Indian-African

Francis drake

One of Elizabeth's "sea dogs" who completed the first English circumnavigation around the globe and captured two spanish treasure ships

Brazil: who settled it and what did they grow on it?

Portugese, sugar

opechancanough

Powhatan's younger brother and successor who almost wiped out the Virginians

roger williams

Puritan minister who advocated for toleration, not an established official religion. questioned the puritan seizure of Indian lands and was banished from the colony and founded the town of providence

Philip II

Spain's Catholic ruler who spent lots of money on religious wars

why did spain's economy deteriorate and England's economy improve in the 16th century?

Spain: Philip II spent all the gold on religious wars and there was a lot of inflation England: population increase, mercantilism, reduced imports and increased exports

mulattos

Spaniard-African

mestizos

Spaniard-Indian

royal colony

a colony where the king and his ministers appointed the governor and a small advisory council and decreed the legal establishment of the Church of England in the colony

joint stock corporation

a commercial agreement that allows investors to pool their resources

indentured servitude

a contract to work for a master for four or five years, after which they would be free to marry and work for themselves

toleration act

act enacted in Maryland that granted all Christians the right to follow their own religious beliefs and hold church services

anne hutchinson

believed that there was no covenant of works that would save the well behaved, only a covenant of grace through which God saved those he predestined for salvation. also got kicked out and went to providence

encomienda

crown allowed Spanish conquistadors to claim tribute in labor and goods from Indian communities

freeholds

farms of 30 to 50 acres owned and farmed by families or male partners

headright system

guaranteed 50 acres of land to anyone who paid the passage of a new immigrant to the colony; thus, by buying additional indentured servants and slaves, the colony's largest planters also amassed ever greater claims to land (in Virginia)

Nathaniel Bacon

leader of the rebels who rebelled against the indians and the governor and council which controlled the poor people

town meeting

main institution of local government for the puritans

outwork textile industry

merchants bought wool from the owners of great estates and sent it "out" to landless peasants in small cottages to spin and weave cloth

Columbian exchange

movement of diseases, peoples, food, and animals across the Atlantic btw Europe and Americas

puritans

protestants who did not separate from the church of england but hoped to purify it of its ceremony and hierarchy made the Massachusetts bay colony

pilgrims

religious separatists, puritans who had left the church of England made the plymouth colony

what was the primary crop grown in the Caribbean islands?

sugar

House of Burgess

system of government that Virginia Company created; could make laws and taxes, although the governor and the company council in England could veto its acts

mercantilism

system of state assisted manufacturing and trade

why did few people move to new netherland?

the dutch republic was too small to support emmigration (had 1.5 million as opposed to Britain's 5 million) and colonists were more interested in riches in southwest asia than fur trading in america

predestination

the idea that God saved only a few chosen people

how did new englander's religious ideas influence their relations with native americans?

they believed that God had given them the land, and they also believed in predestination and believed that Indians were not part of the elect so they felt free to massacre them

john winthrop

well educated squire who led the Puritan exodus and became the first governor of the Massachusetts bay colony