APUSH chapter 1

The ideals that the colonists cherished as synonymous with American life included reverence for all of the following

a. Individual liberty. b. Self-government. c. Religious tolerance. d. Economic opportunity.

Know the following New World plants that revolutionized the international economy

a. Maize b. Potatoes c. Beans d. Tomatoes

All of the following were original territories of North American Indian populations within the current borders of the United States

a. Northeast. b. Southeast. c. Great Plains. d. Great Basin.

The colonists who ultimately embraced the vision of America as an independent nation had in common all of the following characteristics

a. The desire to create an agricultural society. b. Learning to live lives unfettered by the tyrannies of royal authority. c. Learning to live lives unfettered by the tyrannies of official religion. d. Learning to live lives unfettered by the tyrannies of social hierarchies.

All of the following are true of the Inca, Mayan, and Aztec civilizations

a. They had advanced agricultural practices based primarily on the cultivation of maize. b. They lacked the technology of the wheel. c. They built elaborate cities and carried on far-flung commerce. d. They had talented mathematicians, which allowed them to make accurate astronomical observations.

The Appalachian mountain range was probably created before the continental separation approximately

350 million years ago

In 1492, when Europeans arrived in the Americas, the total of the two continents' populations was

54 million

The European explorers who followed Columbus to North America continued to view themselves as

Europeans

some forty thousand Africans were forced into slavery by Portugal and Spain to work on plantations on the Atlantic sugar islands

In the last half of the fifteenth century

The Aztec chief Moctezuma allowed Cortes to enter the capital of Tenochtitlan because

Montezuma believed that Cortes was the god Quetzalcoatl.

Native American (Indian) civilization was least highly developed in

North America

Men became conquistadores because they wanted to

a. Gain God's favor by spreading Christianity. b. Escape dubious pasts. c. Seek adventure, as the heroes of classical antiquity had done. d. Satisfy their desire for gold.

Men in the more settled agricultural groups in North America performed all of the following tasks

a. Hunting. b. Gathering fuel. c. Clearing fields for planting. d. Fishing.

By the 1770s, trade restrictions helped bring about

a crisis of imperial authority

The development of "three sister" farming on the southeast Atlantic seaboard produced

a rich diet that led to high population densities

Europeans wanted to discover a new, shorter route to eastern Asia in order to

a. Break the hold that Muslim merchants had on trade with Asia. b. Reduce the price of goods from Asia. c. Gain more profits for themselves. d. Reduce the time it took to transport goods

Know the following explorers to the area they explored

a. Coronado-New Mexico and Arizona b. Cortes-Mexico c. Pizarro-Peru d. Columbus-Caribbean islands

Some of the more advanced Native American cultures did all of the following

a. Establish large, bustling cities. b. Make strikingly accurate astronomical observations. c. Study mathematics. d. Carry on commerce.

All of the following contributed to the emergence of a new interdependent global economic system

a. Europe providing the market and capital. b. Africa providing the labor. c. New World providing its raw materials. d. The advancement and improvement of technology

The stage was set for a cataclysmic shift in the course of history when

a. Europeans clamored for more and cheaper products from Asia. b. Africa was established as a source of slave labor. c. The Portuguese demonstrated the feasibility of long range ocean navigation. d. The Renaissance nurtured a spirit of optimism and adventure

At the time of the European colonization of North America the number of Indian tribes was estimated at

approximately 200

The treatment of the Native Americans by the Spanish conquistadores can be described as

at times brutal and exploitative

The crop that became the staple of life in Mexico and South America was

corn (maize)

Most likely the first Americans were people who

crossed the land bridge from Eurasia to North America

As a result of Pope's Rebellion in 1680, the Pueblo Indians

destroyed every Catholic Church in the province of New Mexico

The institution of encomienda allowed the European governments to

give Indians to colonists if they promised to Christianize them

Columbus called the native people in the "New World" Indians because

he believed that he had skirted the rim of the "Indies."

The Great Ice Age accounted for the origins of North America's human history because

it exposed a land bridge connecting Eurasia with North America.

The Arabs and Africans were responsible for slaving trading in Africa

long before the Europeans had arrived

The Iroquois Confederacy was able to menace its Native American and European neighbors because of its

military alliance, sustained by political and organizational skills

Within a century after Columbus's landfall in the New World, the Native American population was reduced by

nearly 90 percent

The early voyages of the Scandinavian seafarers did not result in permanent settlement in North America because

no nation-state yearning to expand supported these ventures

Spain began to fortify and settle its North American border lands in order to

protect its Central and South American domains from encroachments by England and France

The introduction of American plants around the world resulted in

rapid population growth in Europe

Before the middle of the fifteenth century, sub-Saharan Africa had remained remost and mysterious to Europeans because

sea travel down the African coast had been virtually impossible

Before the arrival of Columbus, most native peoples in North America lived in

small, scattered, and impermanent settlements

European explorers introduced __________ into the New World

smallpox

Spain was united into a single nation-state when

the African Moors were expelled from the Iberian Peninsula

The origins of the modern plantation system can be found in

the Portuguese slave trade

One of the main factors that enabled Europeans to conquer native North Americans with relative ease was

the absence of dense concentrations of population or complex nation-states in North America.

European contact with Native Americans led to

the deaths of millions of Native Americans, who had little resistance to European diseases

The size and sophistication of Native American civilizations in Mexico and South America can be attributed to

the development of agriculture

The flood of precious metal from the New World to Europe resulted in

the growth of capitalism

After his first voyage, Christopher Columbus believed that he had sailed to

the outskirts of the East Indies

The existence of a single original continent has been proved by

the presence of the discovery of nearly identical species of fish in long-separated freshwater lakes of various continents.

The Christian crusaders were indirectly responsible for the discovery of America because

they brought back news of valuable Far Eastern spices, drugs, and silk

In an effort to reach the Indies, Spain looked

westward because Portugal controlled the African coast