Apush chapter 30 part 1

A Mitchell Palmer

Led efforts to deport immigrants without due process.

Criminal Syndicalism Laws

Passed by many states during the Red Scare, these laws outlawed the advocacy of violence to secure social change. Stump speakers for the International Workers of the World were special targets.

Buying on credit

another innovative feature of the postwar economy. People could "possess today and pay tomorrow."

Scientific Management

A system of industrial management created and promoted in the early 20th century by Frederick Taylor, emphasizing the stopwatch efficiency to improve factory performance.

Fordism

A system of standardized mass production attributed to Henry Ford.

Red Scare

Fear of new immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe and communists.

Sacco and Vanzetti Case

Convicted in 1921 of murder of a Massachusetts paymaster and his guard. The jury and judge were prejudiced because the defendants were immigrants. The defendants were electrocuted 6 years later. The conviction was based on circumstantial evidence.

Cosmopolitanism

Cosmopolitanism is the ideology that all human beings belong to a single community, based on a shared morality.

Pluralism

Developed by Horace Kallen. Principle of preservation of identity.

New Industries

Electrical power and automobiles.

Quota Laws

Emergency Quota Act of 1921: stipulated that only 3% of the amount of immigrants from 1910 were allowed into the US. Immigration Act of 1924: cut quotas from 3% to 2% and changed the year to 1890. Purpose was to freeze America's existing racial composition.

Fundamentalism

A Protestant Christian movement emphasizing the literal truth of the Bible and opposing religious modernism, which sought to reconcile religion and science.

American Plan and Labor Unions

A business-oriented approach to worker relations. Popular among firms in the 1920s to defeat unionization. Managers sought to strengthen their communication with workers and to offer benefits like pensions and insurance. They insisted on an "open'' shop policy.

Volstead Act

A federal act enforcing the 18th amendment, which prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol.

John Scopes' Monkey Trial

A high school biology teacher (John Scopes) was indicted for teaching evolution.

Gangsters

Al Capone: distributed alcohol, began 6 years of gang warfare that earned him millions of dollars. He was branded "Public Enemy Number One." He probably committed, but couldn't be convicted of a massacre on February 14, 1929 where 7 members of a rival gang were disarmed. Gangsters rapidly moved to prostitution, gambling, and narcotics.

Frederick Taylor

An American efficiency engineer who wrote "The Principles of Scientific Management" which earned him the title "Father of Scientific Management.

Speakeasies

An establishment that illegally sold alcohol.

Sports

Became a big business in the consumer economy of the 1920s.

Famous criminals

The infant son of aviator hero Charles Lindbergh was kidnapped for ransom and murdered in 1932.

Bible Belt

The region of the American South, extending roughly from North Carolina west to Oklahoma and Texas, where Protestant Fundamentalism and belief literal interpretation of the Bible were traditionally strongest.

Bolshevik Revolution

The revolution that overthrew Czar Nicholas in 1917. Established a communist government under Vladimir Lenin.

Advertising

Used persuasion, ploy, and seduction to make Americans want more. Founded by Bruce Barton.

Cars

adapted the gasoline engine from the Europeans. Henry Ford and Ransom Olds were two of the first car innovators.

KKK

revived during the 1920s. They were against foreigners, Jews, blacks, communists, internationalists, evolutionists, bootleggers, gambling, and birth control. They were pro-Anglo-Saxon and pro-protestant.