APUSH Chapter 9 and 10

"It is agreed that the first Ten Articles of this Treaty shall be permanent and that the subsequent Articles except the Twelfth shall be limited in their duration to Twelve years to be computed from the Day on which the Ratifications of this Treaty shall be exchanged, but subject to this Condition that whereas the said Twelfth Article will expire by the Limitation therein contained at the End of two years from the signing of the Preliminary or other Articles of Peace, which shall terminate the present War, in which His Majesty is engaged; It is agreed that proper Measures shall by Concert be taken for bringing the subject of that article into amicable Treaty and Discussion so early before the Expiration of the said Term, as that new Arrangements on that head may by that Time be perfected and ready to take place. But if it should unfortunately happen that His Majesty and the United States should not be able to agree on such new Arrangements, in that case, all the Articles of this Treaty except the first Ten shall then cease and expire together." Source:Excerpt from the Jay Treaty, November 19, 1794. A protective tariff is best described as which of the following? A) A tax on foreign imports. B) A bill forbidding any new industry. C) An executive order denying dangerous persons into the country. D) An order raising militia to help protect the US in times of war.

A. A tax on foreign imports

One of the few successes of the Articles of Confederation involved 1. The Northwest ordinance 2. Federal taxation 3. Shay's rebellion 4. Foreign relations

1. The Northwest Ordinance

Which of the following groups would have mostly approved of the Articles of Confederation 1. citizens who desired strong central governments 2. people who were fervent supporters of states' rights 3. souther aristocrats and plantation owners 4. representatives of the Continental congress

2. people who were fervent supporters of states' rights

One of the lasting impacts of the shay's rebellion was that 1. it identified the mistreatment that the Native Americans were being subjected to by colonists 2. it demonstrated the inherent flaws of rebellion 3. it provided evidence that a more centralized government was necessary to prevent future rebellions 4. it demonstrated the need for a stronger American naval fleet

3. It provided evidence that a more centralized government was necessary to prevent future rebellions

the government that was created under the Articles of confederation did not last a long time because 1. British and Spanish intervention in colonies led to many rebellions against the states political system 2. the "continentals" which the government printed became devalued and caused the American nation to enter an economic depression 3. the central government lacked the power to enforce its authority 4. there was a growing displeasure with how states had been functioning following the American revolution

3. The central government lacked the power to enforce its authority

"When forced, therefore, to resort to arms for redress, an appeal to the tribunal of the world was deemed proper for our justification. This was the object of the Declaration of Independence. Not to find out new principles, or new arguments, never before thought of, not merely to say things which had never been said before but to place before mankind the common sense of the subject, in terms so plain and firm as to command their assent, and to justify ourselves in the independent stand we are compelled to take. Neither aiming at originality of principle or sentiment, nor yet copied from any particular and previous writing, it was intended to be an expression of the American mind, and to give to that expression the proper tone and spirit called for by the occasion." -Letter from Henry Lee to Thomas Jefferson, 1825. What was the "proper tone and spirit called for by the occasion" Lee mentions in the last line? 1. submission and surrender 2. diplomacy and pacifism 3. war and open rebellion 4. none of the above

3. war and open rebellion

"Among the most formidable of the obstacles which the new constitution will have to encounter may readily be distinguished the obvious interest of a certain class of men in every state to resist all changes which may hazard a diminution of the power, emolument and consequence of the offices they hold under the state establishments. . . and the perverted ambition of another class of men, who will either hope to aggrandize themselves by the confusions of their country, or will flatter themselves with fairer prospects of elevation from the subdivision of the empire into several partial confederacies, than from its union under one government." - Federalist 1 What did the author mean when he said he was concerned about the United States being fractured into "partial confederacies"? A) That without a strong federal government as proposed under the Constitution, the United States would split into smaller, competitive nations vying for power. B) The United States was better off having the powerful run their own small, independent nations. C) The proposed Constitution should give the power to states to secede and form small coalition governments. D) None of the above.

A. That without a strong federal government as proposed under the Constitution the United States would split into smaller competitive nations vying for power

"When forced, therefore, to resort to arms for redress, an appeal to the tribunal of the world was deemed proper for our justification. This was the object of the Declaration of Independence. Not to find out new principles, or new arguments, never before thought of, not merely to say things which had never been said before but to place before mankind the common sense of the subject, in terms so plain and firm as to command their assent, and to justify ourselves in the independent stand we are compelled to take. Neither aiming at originality of principle or sentiment, nor yet copied from any particular and previous writing, it was intended to be an expression of the American mind, and to give to that expression the proper tone and spirit called for by the occasion." -Letter from Henry Lee to Thomas Jefferson, 1825. What does Henry Lee mean when he mentions "an appeal to the tribunal of the world" in line one of the passage? A) The United States did not have to care at all about the opinions of foreign powers, and so did not seek their approval when rebelling against Britain. B) The United States needed to make sure that their cause was laid out clearly in front of the nations of the World in order for their revolution to be legitimate. C) The approval of the rest of the world was not necessary because the cause of the United States was just and right. D) The United States would have to take their differences with Britain to the world court.

A. The United States did not have to care at all about the opinions of foreign powers and did not seek their approval when rebelling against Britain

"Europe has a set of primary interests, which to us have none, or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence therefore it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves, by artificial ties, in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships, or enmities: Our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to pursue a different course. If we remain one People, under an efficient government, the period is not far off, when we may defy material injury from external annoyance when we may take such an attitude as will cause the neutrality we may at any time resolve upon to be scrupulously respected when belligerent nations, under the impossibility of making acquisitions upon us, will not lightly hazard the giving us provocation when we may choose peace or war, as our interest guided by justice shall Counsel." - George Washington's Farewell address, 1796. In the second paragraph, what best fits the meaning of the hope behind the idea of "one People, under an efficient government"? A) The United States will grow strong enough to resist any and all attempts by foreign powers to meddle in American business. B) The United States will be strong enough to challenge France and Britain as the most powerful nations in the world. C) The United States will end slavery. D) The United States will be able to avoid Civil War.

A. The unites states will grow strong enough to resist any and all attempts by foreign powers to meddle in American business

"When forced, therefore, to resort to arms for redress, an appeal to the tribunal of the world was deemed proper for our justification. This was the object of the Declaration of Independence. Not to find out new principles, or new arguments, never before thought of, not merely to say things which had never been said before but to place before mankind the common sense of the subject, in terms so plain and firm as to command their assent, and to justify ourselves in the independent stand we are compelled to take. Neither aiming at originality of principle or sentiment, nor yet copied from any particular and previous writing, it was intended to be an expression of the American mind, and to give to that expression the proper tone and spirit called for by the occasion." -Letter from Henry Lee to Thomas Jefferson, 1825. What was said "which had never been said before" in the Declaration of Independence? A) No other nation had ever stated on paper that their citizens were all guaranteed the right to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." B) No other nation had ever stated on paper that slavery was legal and tolerated by law. C) No other nation had ever successfully rebelled against their parent nation as America had. D) None of the above.

A. no other nation had ever states on paper that their citizens were all guaranteed the right to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness"

"Europe has a set of primary interests, which to us have none, or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence therefore it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves, by artificial ties, in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships, or enmities: Our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to pursue a different course. If we remain one People, under an efficient government, the period is not far off, when we may defy material injury from external annoyance when we may take such an attitude as will cause the neutrality we may at any time resolve upon to be scrupulously respected when belligerent nations, under the impossibility of making acquisitions upon us, will not lightly hazard the giving us provocation when we may choose peace or war, as our interest guided by justice shall Counsel." - George Washington's Farewell address, 1796. What does George Washington mean when he says that the United States enjoys a "detached and distant situation" allowing them to stay away from foreign affairs? A) The United States has no real cultural, commercial, or linguistic connection to Europe, and should avoid involvement at all costs. B) Europe, and their problems, are over three thousand miles from the United States and so it does no good to be involved. C) The United States owes cultural and economic allegiance to many countries, making involvement difficult. D) The United States, while full of immigrants, has not truly been European for some time and should stay out of their business. Response

B. Europe and their problems are over three thousand miles from the Unites States and so it does not need to be involved

"When forced, therefore, to resort to arms for redress, an appeal to the tribunal of the world was deemed proper for our justification. This was the object of the Declaration of Independence. Not to find out new principles, or new arguments, never before thought of, not merely to say things which had never been said before but to place before mankind the common sense of the subject, in terms so plain and firm as to command their assent, and to justify ourselves in the independent stand we are compelled to take. Neither aiming at originality of principle or sentiment, nor yet copied from any particular and previous writing, it was intended to be an expression of the American mind, and to give to that expression the proper tone and spirit called for by the occasion." -Letter from Henry Lee to Thomas Jefferson, 1825. What statement below best sums up the purpose of this letter from Lee to Jefferson? A) Lee feels bad about his role in the Revolution, and seeks forgiveness or solace from Jefferson in order to relieve some guilt. B) Lee argues that it is not enough that the United States say the things mentioned in the Declaration of Independence, but that they back up those words with action. C) Lee argues that their position as Revolutionaries should be revered and respected among present day Americans. D) None of the above.

B. Lee argues that it is not enough that the United States say the things mentioned in the Declaration of Independence but that they back up those words with action

The Electoral College was created to A) ensure fair elections B) protect the president from popular sentiment C) limit state autonomy D) weaken the legislative branch

B. Protect the president from popular sentiment

"Among the most formidable of the obstacles which the new constitution will have to encounter may readily be distinguished the obvious interest of a certain class of men in every state to resist all changes which may hazard a diminution of the power, emolument and consequence of the offices they hold under the state establishments. . . and the perverted ambition of another class of men, who will either hope to aggrandize themselves by the confusions of their country, or will flatter themselves with fairer prospects of elevation from the subdivision of the empire into several partial confederacies, than from its union under one government." - Federalist 1 What does the phrase "aggrandize themselves by the confusions of their country" most likely mean? A) Step up and lead the nation during a troubling and uncertain time. B) Take advantage of the uncertainty of post-Revolution American, and seize power to suit their own interests. C) Work with foreign powers in order to bring the United States back under European rule. D) None of the above.

B. Take advantage of the uncertainty of post-Revolution America and seize power to suit their own interests

25) the following historical excerpt and on your own knowledge of social studies. "It is agreed that the first Ten Articles of this Treaty shall be permanent and that the subsequent Articles except the Twelfth shall be limited in their duration to Twelve years to be computed from the Day on which the Ratifications of this Treaty shall be exchanged, but subject to this Condition that whereas the said Twelfth Article will expire by the Limitation therein contained at the End of two years from the signing of the Preliminary or other Articles of Peace, which shall terminate the present War, in which His Majesty is engaged; It is agreed that proper Measures shall by Concert be taken for bringing the subject of that article into amicable Treaty and Discussion so early before the Expiration of the said Term, as that new Arrangements on that head may by that Time be perfected and ready to take place. But if it should unfortunately happen that His Majesty and the United States should not be able to agree on such new Arrangements, in that case, all the Articles of this Treaty except the first Ten shall then cease and expire together." Source:Excerpt from the Jay Treaty, November 19, 1794. The Jay Treaty was responsible for which of the following? A) The US allying themselves with France. B) The US resolving many post-Revolutionary War issues with Britain. C) The US gaining Florida from Spain after the invasion by Andrew Jackson. D) The US receiving damages from the French government for naval impressment.

B. The US resolving many post-Revolutionary war issues with Britain

Which statement best describes the resolution of the conflict between Federalists and Anti-Federalists? A) The groups transitioned smoothly into the first two political parties of the United States. B) The Constitution was ratified and the new government's first task was to add a Bill of Rights. C) George Washington ultimately negotiated a compromise between the two sides. D) The Federalist Papers convinced dissenters of the strengths of the Constitution.

B. The constitution was ratified and the new government's first task was to add a Bill of Rights

"Europe has a set of primary interests, which to us have none, or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence therefore it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves, by artificial ties, in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships, or enmities: Our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to pursue a different course. If we remain one People, under an efficient government, the period is not far off, when we may defy material injury from external annoyance when we may take such an attitude as will cause the neutrality we may at any time resolve upon to be scrupulously respected when belligerent nations, under the impossibility of making acquisitions upon us, will not lightly hazard the giving us provocation when we may choose peace or war, as our interest guided by justice shall Counsel." - George Washington's Farewell address, 1796. Why does President Washington use the term "artificial ties" in line 3? A) The United States is deeply interested in European culture, and her struggles should be our struggles. B) The United States is an independent nation without a foreign ruler, and so any connections we have with Europe are the result of business and not culture or blood. C) In 1796, the United States was still partially ruled by foreign nations. D) None of the above.

B. The united states is an independent nation without a foreign ruler so any connections we have with Europe are a result of business and not culture or blood

The agreement about the issue of slavery made by the Constitutional delegates was known as the A) Virginia Plan B) Three-Fifths Compromise C) Great Compromise D) Bill of Rights

B. Three- fifths Compromise

The Great Compromise between the Virginia and New Jersey plans addressed A) North and South state disagreement over how slaves should be counted in the population B) representation in the legislature determined by population or per state C) the creation of a national bank and the location of the U.S. capital D) large and small state divisions over assumption of states' debt by the federal government Response

B. representation in the legislature determined by population or per state

On a demographic level, the adoption of the Constitution did not significantly change from the Articles of Confederation because A) the Constitution appointed an Electoral College to elect the president B) women, slaves, Native Americans, and free blacks were completely disenfranchised C) only one representative from each colony was given the right to vote D) only white men of the wealthiest class had any political power in the newly-established government

B. women, slaves, Native Americans and free blacks were completely disenfranchised

"It is in my judgment necessary under the circumstances of the case to take measures for calling forth the militia in order to suppress the combinations aforesaid, and to cause the laws to be duly executed; and I have accordingly determined so to do, feeling the deepest regret for the occasion, but withal the most solemn conviction that the essential interests of the Union demand it, that the very existence of government and the fundamental principles of social order are materially involved in the issue, and that the patriotism and firmness of all good citizens are seriously called upon, as occasions may require, to aid in the effectual suppression of so fatal a spirit." Source:Proclamation of the Whiskey Rebellion, George Washington, February 11, 1794. Which of the following answers best describes the causes of the Whiskey Rebellion? A) Anger over the newly enacted tax on the import of whiskey. B) Anger over the newly enacted export tax on whiskey. C) Anger over the newly enacted tax on the sale and purchase of whiskey. D) Anger over the newly enacted law forbidding the sale of whiskey on the frontier

C. Anger over the newly enacted tax on the sale and purchase of Whiskey

"Among the most formidable of the obstacles which the new constitution will have to encounter may readily be distinguished the obvious interest of a certain class of men in every state to resist all changes which may hazard a diminution of the power, emolument and consequence of the offices they hold under the state establishments. . . and the perverted ambition of another class of men, who will either hope to aggrandize themselves by the confusions of their country, or will flatter themselves with fairer prospects of elevation from the subdivision of the empire into several partial confederacies, than from its union under one government." - Federalist 1 What does the author mean here by "diminution of power"? A) Strengthening of power. B) Creating new allies. C) Weakening of power. D) None of the above.

C. Weakening of power

The principle of checks and balances was a significant aspect of the Constitution because it A) provided an emergency plan of government in case another war ever broke out B) stipulated the rights and privileges that each person had as a citizen of America C) prevented the abuse of the central government's power D) was first formulated by the French philosopher, Lord Montesquieu

C. prevented the abuse of the central government's power

The Federalist Papers were written to A) argue for national independence B) promote the Articles of Confederation C) support ratification of the Constitution D) set the platform for the Federalist Party

C. support ratification of the Constitution

"It is agreed that the first Ten Articles of this Treaty shall be permanent and that the subsequent Articles except the Twelfth shall be limited in their duration to Twelve years to be computed from the Day on which the Ratifications of this Treaty shall be exchanged, but subject to this Condition that whereas the said Twelfth Article will expire by the Limitation therein contained at the End of two years from the signing of the Preliminary or other Articles of Peace, which shall terminate the present War, in which His Majesty is engaged; It is agreed that proper Measures shall by Concert be taken for bringing the subject of that article into amicable Treaty and Discussion so early before the Expiration of the said Term, as that new Arrangements on that head may by that Time be perfected and ready to take place. But if it should unfortunately happen that His Majesty and the United States should not be able to agree on such new Arrangements, in that case, all the Articles of this Treaty except the first Ten shall then cease and expire together." Source:Excerpt from the Jay Treaty, November 19, 1794. The Alien and Sedition Acts were designed with the express purpose of achieving which of the following goals? A) Stopping British and French immigration into the US. B) Allowing the US prosecute US citizens for treason. C) Keeping spies out of the United States and creating the first US intelligence service. D) Halting immigration and criminalizing critical speech against the government

D. Halting immigration and criminalizing critical speech against the government

Europe has a set of primary interests, which to us have none, or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence therefore it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves, by artificial ties, in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships, or enmities: Our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to pursue a different course. If we remain one People, under an efficient government, the period is not far off, when we may defy material injury from external annoyance when we may take such an attitude as will cause the neutrality we may at any time resolve upon to be scrupulously respected when belligerent nations, under the impossibility of making acquisitions upon us, will not lightly hazard the giving us provocation when we may choose peace or war, as our interest guided by justice shall Counsel." - George Washington's Farewell address, 1796. Which of the following events would George Washington wish to avoid at the time of this address? A) The 7 Years War B) The War of the Third Coalition C) The Franco-Prussian War D) The Wars of the French Revolution

D. The Wars of the French Revolution

"Europe has a set of primary interests, which to us have none, or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence therefore it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves, by artificial ties, in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships, or enmities: Our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to pursue a different course. If we remain one People, under an efficient government, the period is not far off, when we may defy material injury from external annoyance when we may take such an attitude as will cause the neutrality we may at any time resolve upon to be scrupulously respected when belligerent nations, under the impossibility of making acquisitions upon us, will not lightly hazard the giving us provocation when we may choose peace or war, as our interest guided by justice shall Counsel." - George Washington's Farewell address, 1796. Which of the following best describes the nature of this passage? A) The United States should remain involved in the affairs of Europe and the rest of the world in order to protect their interests. B) The United States should support those nations trying to gain their freedom. C) The United States should supply monetary and military support to those nations in Europe who share our ideals. D) The United States, because of her youth, should not involve herself with the struggles of European powers.

D. The unites states because of her youth should not involve herself with the struggles of European powers

"It is in my judgment necessary under the circumstances of the case to take measures for calling forth the militia in order to suppress the combinations aforesaid, and to cause the laws to be duly executed; and I have accordingly determined so to do, feeling the deepest regret for the occasion, but withal the most solemn conviction that the essential interests of the Union demand it, that the very existence of government and the fundamental principles of social order are materially involved in the issue, and that the patriotism and firmness of all good citizens are seriously called upon, as occasions may require, to aid in the effectual suppression of so fatal a spirit." Source:Proclamation of the Whiskey Rebellion, George Washington, February 11, 1794. Shay's Rebellion was most known to be responsible for which of the following? A) Protesting the ratification of the Constitution. B) Rising up against what they perceived to be pro-British influences in government. C) Protesting the issuance of paper money over specie. D) Protesting injustices brought about by the Articles of Confederation.

D. protesting injustices brought about by the Articles of the Confederation

the following excerpt and on your knowledge of social studies. "It is in my judgment necessary under the circumstances of the case to take measures for calling forth the militia in order to suppress the combinations aforesaid, and to cause the laws to be duly executed; and I have accordingly determined so to do, feeling the deepest regret for the occasion, but withal the most solemn conviction that the essential interests of the Union demand it, that the very existence of government and the fundamental principles of social order are materially involved in the issue, and that the patriotism and firmness of all good citizens are seriously called upon, as occasions may require, to aid in the effectual suppression of so fatal a spirit." Source:Proclamation of the Whiskey Rebellion, George Washington, February 11, 1794. Who was responsible for leading the militia against the rebels during Shay's Rebellion? A) George Washington. B) Alexander Hamilton. C) Daniel Morgan. D) Andrew Jackson.

George Washington