APUSH Module 3: A New Republic

Why did the application of Missouri territory for statehood cause two years of intense debate? (5 points) It applied to become a slave state, but the Tallmadge amendment had wide support, which would force it to abolish slavery at once. It applied to become a free state, but there were already slave owners living there who would be forced to leave or free their slaves. Congress was concerned about how admitting it as a slave state would affect representation and the balance of power between states. Congress had not yet determined an official process for admitting new states from the area known as the Louisiana Purchase.

Congress was concerned about how admitting it as a slave state would affect representation and the balance of power between states.

The people from which area of the map resisted resettlement with violence for over 40 years? (5 points) Iowa Florida Georgia Mississippi

Florida

Which of the following most directly contributed to the Adams-Onis Treaty? (5 points) Florida had become a refuge for runaway slaves and American Indians. These groups were raiding white settlements near the border with Georgia. Florida had been claimed by American troops during the War of 1812. Fighting with the few Spanish forts there harmed relations with Spain. Spain was losing money and interest in maintaining its colonies in North America. Many were becoming independent or being ceded to other nations. Spain wanted compensation for what it saw as the betrayal of France. This was the taking back and then selling of the Louisiana Territory to the United States.

Florida had become a refuge for runaway slaves and American Indians. These groups were raiding white settlements near the border with Georgia.

Why did Thomas Jefferson call the Missouri crisis "a firebell in the night"? (5 points) He had concern for the finances of slave owners. He was impressed by the speed of resolution. He thought it was a great achievement. He saw it as a threat to the nation's future.

He saw it as a threat to the nation's future.

"Professing a desire to civilize and settle them, we have at the same time lost no opportunity to purchase their lands and thrust them farther into the wilderness. By this means they have not only been kept in a wandering state, but been led to look upon us as unjust and indifferent to their fate."—Andrew Jackson, 1829 Jackson could use these words to show support for which of the following? (5 points) Johnson v. M'Intosh Worcester v. Georgia Indian Removal Act Trail of Tears

Indian Removal Act

Which of the following placed into federal law the idea of resettling American Indians west of the Mississippi River? (5 points) Indian Removal Act Treaty of New Echota Cherokee Nation v. State of Georgia Act Regarding the Civilization of the Indian Tribes

Indian Removal Act

"GOLD.—A gentleman of the first respectability in Habersham county, writes us thus under date of 22d July: "Two gold mines have just been discovered in this county, and preparations are making to bring these hidden treasures of the earth to use." So it appears that what we long anticipated has come to pass at last, namely, that the gold region of North and South Carolina, would be found to extend into Georgia."—From an August 1, 1829 Georgia newspaper How did the discovery of gold in Georgia affect the Cherokee Indians? (5 points) It led several leaders to sign a resettlement treaty that gave them favorable compensation, which angered other prominent leaders. It gave them greater power to negotiate with the state and federal government since they controlled the land where it was found. It was on land that had already been set aside as protected for them, and white speculators were illegally entering the land. It solved issues of compensation that had prevented most from agreeing to resettlement, as they could take it with them.

It was on land that had already been set aside as protected for them, and white speculators were illegally entering the land.

How did expanding the national territory increase sectional tensions in the United States? (5 points) People moving westward to settle had little in common with people in the original states. They also had completely different political concerns, such as transportation. Those living along borders often had greater social and economic connection to the neighboring countries. This complicated trade and land acquisition efforts. Early national leaders promoted western settlement for agriculture, which matched Southern interests, but Northerners wanted to expand manufacturing. Northern and Southern politicians disagreed as to whether Congress had the authority to determine whether slavery would be allowed in new areas open to settlement.

Northern and Southern politicians disagreed as to whether Congress had the authority to determine whether slavery would be allowed in new areas open to settlement.

Which of the following ideas eased Thomas Jefferson's discomfort with the Louisiana Purchase? (5 points) Spain was no longer a threat to American expansion. Few people from foreign nations lived there. Congress ratified an amendment to authorize the sale. Obtaining land would protect the farming culture.

Obtaining land would protect the farming culture.

"When my mother became old, she was sent to live in a little lonely log-hut in the woods. Aged and worn out slaves, whether men or women, are commonly so treated. No care is taken of them, except, perhaps, that a little ground is cleared about the hut, on which the old slave, if able, may raise a little corn. As far as the owner is concerned, they live or die as it happens; it is just the same thing as turning out an old horse."—Moses Grandy The excerpt is historical evidence that most directly contradicts which of the following arguments? (5 points) Abolition Temperance Woman suffrage Proslavery

Proslavery

"If Northerners found the three-fifths rule and slavery wrong, Southerners were perfectly willing to drive home the logic of emancipation: Emancipate them and they stay where they are; and two-fifths of their number will be added to the representation, though they are not permitted to enlist in our army."—Professor Margo Anderson, 2003 What concern of Northerners did the Southerners use in this argument? (5 points) Morality of enslavement Representation in Congress Border disputes with Great Britain Trade protection

Representation in Congress

What served as the major impetus to the reform movements of the 19th century? (5 points) Second Great Awakening U.S. Constitution Transcendentalism Utopianism

Second Great Awakening

How did American settlers prompt U.S. territory acquisition in some cases? (5 points) Since the people living in disputed areas were the most familiar with the land and living situation, they were often recruited as key negotiators for international treaties. Many wealthy landowners would purchase large tracts of land from foreign neighbors and then sell it to the United States for a significant profit. Most people were still farmers, and the depletion of good farmland in the East caused a great deal of the population to demand that leaders make new lands available. Settlers who moved near border areas and were disgruntled with conditions sometimes declared independence with the intention of joining the United States.

Settlers who moved near border areas and were disgruntled with conditions sometimes declared independence with the intention of joining the United States.

How does this painting reflect early 19th-century American Indian experiences? (5 points) American Indians who refused to give up their claims to land were often enslaved on Southern plantations. Some American Indians moved westward with whites to build and develop communities together. Some American Indians cooperated with the work of those who sought to assimilate them into white society. American Indian tribes could earn ownership of land by working for white landowners for a set period.

Some American Indians cooperated with the work of those who sought to assimilate them into white society.

"Too much has already been said and written about woman's sphere ... Wendell Phillips says, 'The best and greatest thing one is capable of doing, that is his sphere.' ... Leave women, then, to find their sphere. And do not tell us before we are born even, that our province is to cook dinners, darn stockings, and sew on buttons."—Lucy Stone Which of the following statements best connects the excerpt to cultural developments the author witnessed? (5 points) Stone refers to the Godey's Lady's Book, explaining that women do not need instruction from men on common chores. Stone refers to the Second Great Awakening, crediting it with enriching women's lives beyond the duties of home. Stone refers to The Liberator, attacking the publication and its editor as excluding women from the cause of abolition. Stone refers to the Cult of Domesticity, arguing that it denies women their right to determine their own way in life.

Stone refers to the Cult of Domesticity, arguing that it denies women their right to determine their own way in life.

What is unique about the Cherokee story in the larger theme of American Indian resistance to U.S. expansion? (5 points) The Cherokee banded together to refuse to adopt any forms of white culture and to stick to their traditional ways. The Cherokee experienced success through their strategy of negotiation with American leaders and retained lands. The Cherokee attempted to assimilate and use American legal channels to resolve the conflicts with white settlers. The Cherokee leaders were themselves of mixed ancestry and had been raised in white culture, not the American Indian culture.

The Cherokee attempted to assimilate and use American legal channels to resolve the conflicts with white settlers.

Which of the following was the greatest issue leading to the Monroe Doctrine? (5 points) The United States was concerned about renewed European colonization efforts in the wake of Latin American independence movements. The United States feared retaliation from Spain, as the latter was bitter over the Louisiana Purchase from France, who had only recently regained the territory. The United States recognized that diplomacy was the best method to acquire new territory and wanted to assure Europe of its intentions to continue peaceful relations. The United States had gained significant property in recent years, was having trouble establishing control in those areas, and needed justification for expanding the federal military.

The United States was concerned about renewed European colonization efforts in the wake of Latin American independence movements.

Which of the following is true of the Trail of Tears? (5 points) Forced removal to Indian Country was a unique experience of Cherokee Indians. The events of the enforced resettlement led to disease and even death for some. Chief John Ross encouraged native peoples to resettle before it was enforced. Effects of this removal are overstated, as other groups had a far worse experience.

The events of the enforced resettlement led to disease and even death for some.

How did the abolitionist movement that arose in the 1830s differ from earlier antislavery efforts? (5 points) Actually, the two movements were quite similar in every way; the later one was simply better known because more people were literate by the 1830s. The movement of the 1830s introduced the idea of colonizing freed slaves outside the United States, which proved immensely popular with Southern whites. Earlier opponents of slavery had called for immediate emancipation, but the later group devised a plan for gradual emancipation that won broader support. The later movement drew much more on the religious conviction that slavery was an unparalleled sin and needed to be destroyed immediately.

The later movement drew much more on the religious conviction that slavery was an unparalleled sin and needed to be destroyed immediately.

Which of the following accurately describes both the South and slavery in 19th-century America? (5 points) The proportion of slaves in the South as a whole made up only 10 percent of the population. The slaves' most important task was providing labor in factories that produced goods to be exported to European nations. The rate of natural increase in the slave population had more than made up for the ban on the international slave trade. The American South was surpassed by Mexico in the amount of slaves doing labor.

The rate of natural increase in the slave population had more than made up for the ban on the international slave trade.

To what does the John Ross quote "our hearts are sickened ... our cause is your own, which we learned from yourselves." refer? (5 points) The contradiction between Andrew Jackson's speech and his actions The Supreme Court's decision supporting the removal of the Cherokee The literal effects of the forced march to the West The removal of the Cherokee despite their adaption to white culture

The removal of the Cherokee despite their adaption to white culture

Neamathla and Osceola were from different tribes, yet were both considered Seminole chiefs. What else did the two men have in common? (5 points) They both encouraged their people to accept resettlement. They were descended from both American Indians and "maroons." They violently refused to honor removal treaties. They sought the assistance of their white neighbors.

They violently refused to honor removal treaties.

Why did many early national leaders encourage westward expansion? (5 points) They wanted to restrict trade. They wanted to expand trade. They wanted to expand slavery. They wanted to abolish slavery.

They wanted to expand trade.

Which of the following is most similar to the background story and effects of the Treaty of New Echota, just with a different group of people in a different place? (5 points) Treaty of Washington Treaty of Fort Jackson Treaty of Moultrie Creek Treaty of Payne's Landing

Treaty of Payne's Landing

"Our neighbors who regard no law, or pay no respect to the laws of humanity, are now reaping a plentiful harvest by the law of Georgia, which declares that no Indian shall be a party in any court created by the laws or constitution of that state. These neighbors come over the line, and take the cattle belonging to the Cherokees. The Cherokees go in pursuit of their property, but all that they can effect is, to see their cattle snugly kept in the lots of these robbers. We are an abused people. If we can receive no redress, we can feel deeply the injustice done to our rights."—From the Cherokee Phoenix and Indians' Advocate, Wednesday, May 27, 1829 In which of the following judicial decisions did the Cherokee Indians seek and legally achieve a victory? (5 points) Cherokee Nation v. State of Georgia Worcester v. Georgia Johnson v. M'Intosh Barron v. Baltimore

Worcester v. Georgia

After the War of 1812, disputes with Great Britain over land ownership and use in North America were settled primarily by (5 points) residents in the areas trade agreements diplomatic negotiation further military action

diplomatic negotiation

Slave families were (5 points) rare because there were too few female slaves usually able to stay together because most slave owners were paternalistic headed by women more frequently than were white families slow to name children to avoid strong kinship ties, as family members were often sold

headed by women more frequently than were white families

In the South, the paternalist ethos (5 points) helped end severe punishments for slaves led to withholding food and shelter for slaves masked the brutality of slavery urged an end to slavery

masked the brutality of slavery

A primary reason both women and blacks were largely excluded from the expansion of democracy was (5 points) that members of neither group had asked to be included in politics because they were not considered citizens, and therefore, they could not vote because they could not vote in England, many thought that they should not have that right in America either that both groups were seen as naturally incapable and unfit for suffrage

that both groups were seen as naturally incapable and unfit for suffrage

American Indian removal and the colonization of former slaves rested on the premise that America (5 points) provided opportunity for new land to those who desired it was fundamentally a white society was not financially able to support all who lived there wanted what was in the best interest of all the people

was fundamentally a white society