APUSH Unit 4

Who was the English immigrant who secretly bought the design of the most advanced British machinery for spinning cotton to America in 1789?

Samuel Slater

Which of the following developments most directly resulted from the changes Watson details in the excerpt? ("The Erie Canal. . . People could become perfect")

The Benevolent Empire

The domestic slave trade affected the African American family unit before 1865 by

separating family members through sale and trade.

Which of the following characterizes the plantation labor system of the southern cotton industry?

African American slaves worked from sunup to sundown all year long.

Which of these concepts became a central tenet of slave Christianity in the South in the nineteenth century?

All people as children of God

Which American principle played a critical role in advancing technology in the early days of the American Industrial Revolution?

American ingenuity

How did the spread of industrialization in the United States during the 1820s and 1830s affect skilled artisans?

As machines changed the nature of their work, shoemakers, hatters, printers, furniture makers, and weavers faced declining income, job insecurity, and loss of status.

Which of the following describes the new industrial system that developed in early nineteenth-century in America?

It brought workers together under one roof in a factory.

Why was the South on the cutting edge of the Market Revolution by 1840?

It produced and exported over two-thirds of the world's cotton supply.

Which of the following arguments did President Jackson offer as a justification for destroying the Second Bank of the United States?

It was a monopoly that benefitted only a few owners, some of whom were foreigners.

Which of the following describes the purpose of Henry David Thoreau"s book Walden?

It was written to document Walden's spiritual search for meaning beyond the artificiality of "civilized" life.

Which inventor is properly matched with the item he invented?

John Deere—the steel plow

Which of the following statements characterizes the planter elite of the Upper South in the early and mid-1800s?

Many elite planters considered themselves benevolent masters.

In which of the following ways was Chief Justice Roger Taney different from his predecessor, John Marshall?

Marshall was nationally oriented while Taney favored states' rights.

Which of the following characterizes patterns of immigration into the United States during the 1840s and 1850s?

Most of the Irish who arrived in the United States were poverty-stricken peasants.

Through which of the following movements did evangelical reformers succeed in effecting substantial legal and cultural transformations in the early nineteenth-century America?

Temperance

Which of the following statements characterizes the American party system by the early 1840s?

The practice of Americans voting for a particular party along ethnic and religious lines began to emerge.

The developments described in the excerpt were most directly associated with which of the following occurring in the United States at the time? ("The Erie Canal. . . People could become perfect")

The rise of the middle class

Why was the domestic slave trade crucial to the southern economy?

The trade provided tens of thousands of new workers to build plantations.

Why are Oneidians, Shakers, and Fourierists historically significant?

They articulated criticisms of the class divisions created by market economy.

Which of the following was one of the ways that wageworkers strive to resist their bosses' efforts to control their nonwork lives in the early to mid-nineteenth century?

They built a robust workers' culture that preserved their autonomy outside work.

Why did many northern wage earners not support abolition in the mid-eighteenth century?

Wageworkers feared that freed blacks would work for lower wages and compete for jobs.

In 1824 U.S. Supreme Court case Gibbons v. Ogden, the Marshall Court's decision

overturned New York law that granted a monopoly on steamboat travel into New York City

The concept that the price of a product should reflect the work required to make it is known as

the labor theory of value

What aspect of early nineteenth-century American government had the founders condemned as contrary to republican ideals?

Political parties

Working Men's Parties of the late 1820s and 1830s called for which of the following reforms?

The abolition of debtors' prisons

Under the task system, slaves were required to

complete a precisely defined job each day.

As President, John Quincy Adams supported which of the following policies?

A national bank to promote a uniform currency and to control credit

How did the federal government aid the growth of American industry in the first half of the nineteenth century?

By passing protective tariffs

The point of view illustrated by the excerpt was most likely a reaction to which of the following developments occurring in the United States at that time? ("Since. . . pollute whites' bloodstream by intermixture")

Cherokees' adoption of whites' economic and political practices and beliefs

In what way was the United States more democratic than anywhere else in the world during the first half of the nineteenth century?

Franchise qualifications

Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote about which of the following in his essays and lectures?

He argued that people should reject old conventions and discover their original relation with nature.

How did Andrew Jackson respond to South Carolina's claimed right of nullification in 1832?

He asked Congress for a Force Bill authorizing him to use the military to suppress any act of nullification

In his 1829 pamphlet, An Appeal . . . to the Colored Citizens of the World, David Walker did which of the following?

He justified slave rebellion and warned white Americans that violence and retribution would come if justice were delayed.

The Trail of Tears was the direct consequence of which of the following government actions?

Indian Removal Act of 1830

Nativist fears were directed mostly at which of the following groups in early and mid-nineteenth-century America?

Irish immigrants

Which of the following statements describes the American Waltham plan, which was later known as the Lowell system?

Its creators recruited farm girls and women to work in factories.

For which of the following reasons did New York's state government fund the building of the Erie Canal in 1817?

New Yorkers sought to link the Hudson River with the Great Lakes.

Which of the following types of evidence would most likely support the conclusion Howe offers in the excerpt? ([T]he Western . . . participated in politics)

Nineteenth-century newspapers that covered local events and individuals in small towns

Which of the following nineteenth-century groups would have been most likely to oppose the ideas described in the excerpt? ("Since. . . pollute whites' bloodstream by intermixture")

Northern evangelical Protestants

The power of elected officials to grant government jobs to party members in return for their loyalty is known as which of the following systems?

Patronage

Why did the United States decline to annex Texas in 1837?

President Van Buren feared that annexation would spark an American civil war over the issue of slavery.

Which of the following were the three key elements of Clay's American System?

Protective tariff, subsidized internal improvements, and the national bank

Which of the following statements characterizes African American marriage customs in the slave South?

Slave couples often followed the African custom of "jumping the broom" to signify their union.

The phenomena described in the excerpt most strongly suggest which of the following about the United States in the early to mid-nineteenth century? ("Although slavery . . . authority of a superior")

Slave owners were dependent on slaves as a source of both labor and wealth

The notion of slavery as a "necessary evil" and a "positive good" was supported by which idea?

Slavery allowed a civilized lifestyle for whites and cared for genetically inferior blacks.

The ideas described in this excerpt differ most significantly from those held by which of the following groups from earlier periods in American History? ("Since. . . pollute whites' bloodstream by intermixture")

Spanish settlers in Mexico in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries

The 1832 Ordinance of Nullification was based on which of the following beliefs?S

States had the right to determine which congressional laws they would enforce.

Which of the following elements defined the Democrats under Andrew Jackson?

Support for average Americans

What did the Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution specify should be done in an election like the election of 1824, in which no presidential candidate received a majority of the electoral votes?

The House of Representatives decides the outcome.

The transformation that occurred as American factories and farms turned out more goods, and merchants and legislators created faster and cheaper ways to get those products to consumers, was known as which of the following?

The Market Revolution

Which of the following was the major cause of the developments described in the excerpt? ("The Erie Canal. . . People could become perfect")

The Market Revolution

Which of the following Puritan ideas became a middle-class conviction with a secular twist during industrialization in the early 1800s?

The Protestant work ethic

Which of the following laws required the Treasury department to accept only gold and silver in payment for purchases of federal land?

The Specie Circular

Which of the following activities from the middle of the nineteenth century most closely resembles the religious voluntarism Howe describes ([T]he Western . . . participated in politics)

The creation of self-help associations by free blacks in Philadelphia.

Which of the following was the most direct cause of the phenomena that Davis describes in the excerpt? ("Although slavery . . . authority of a superior")

The growing significance of cotton for American agricultural and industrial interests

Charles Grandison Finney found success as a young revivalist preacher in the 1820s by emphasizing which of the following issues in his sermons?

The importance of personal conversion

What was the gag rule passed by the House of Representatives in 1836?

The policy automatically tabled and prevented discussion of any antislavery petitions received by the House.

Which of these factors made enslaved African Americans reluctant to attempt to escape to the North?

They hesitated to leave their families and communities behind.

Which of the following describes the minstrel shows that became popular in American cities in the 1840s?

They were a popular form of entertainment and social criticism.

Which of the following was the primary function of the Second Bank of the United States?

To stabilize the nation's money supply by forcing state banks to convert their paper money periodically into gold and silver coin

Which of the following was a result of the Turner Rebellion of the 1830s?

Tougher slave codes and restrictions were implemented.

The philosophy that people could gain mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the world of the sense is known as which of the following?

Transcendentalism

How did women participate in the abolition movement in the mid-eighteenth century?

Women abolitionists established influential groups such as the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society.

Which of the following most directly resulted from mid-nineteenth-century religious voluntarism as described in the excerpt? ([T]he Western . . . participated in politics)

Women's work for moral reform in urban areas

Horace Mann and Catharine Beecher were both actively involved in which of the following movements in the 1840s?

educational reform