APUSH Unit 5 Quizlet

The image most strongly supports the argument that Reconstruction A: led to the unfair punishment of White Southerners by the North B: encouraged large-scale rebellions by former slaves C: involved unconstitutional abuses of government power D: temporarily altered race relations in the South

D temporarily altered race relations in the South

(map) The ideology that supported the trend depicted in the map is most similar to the ideology that supported which of the following? A Opposition to the international slave trade B Involvement in the Spanish-American War C Participation in the First World War D Isolationism prior to the Second World War

B Involvement in the Spanish-American War

(map) Which of the following was a common justification in the United States for the trend depicted in the map? Answer A: The interest in greater access to trade with the British colonies in the Americas Answer B: The desire for better relations with Mexico Answer C: The intention to assimilate Plains Indians into White society D: The belief in White cultural and political superiority

D The belief in White cultural and political superiority

"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside." Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution The provision above overturned the A: Alien and Sedition Acts B: Chinese Exclusion Act C: Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford D: Supreme Court ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland D: Supreme Court ruling in Worcester v. Georgia

C Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford

"It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, November 1863 After 1863, which of the following most fulfilled the "new birth of freedom" that the excerpt refers to? A: Ratification of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments B: The compromise that resolved the election of 1876 C: Establishment of the Ku Klux Klan and similar organizations D: Supreme Court rulings such as Plessy v. Ferguson

A Ratification of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments

"The Vigilance Committee of Boston inform you that the MOCK TRIAL of the poor Fugitive Slave has been further postponed.... Come down, then, Sons of the Puritans: for even if the poor victim is to be carried off by the brute force of arms, and delivered over to Slavery, you should at least be present to witness the sacrifice, and you should follow him in sad procession with your tears and prayers, and then go home and take such action as your manhood and your patriotism may suggest. Come, then, by the early trains on MONDAY, and rally.... Come with courage and resolution in your hearts; but, this time, with only such arms as God gave you." Proclamation addressed "To the Yeomanry of New England," Boston, 1854 The sentiments expressed in the proclamation would have been most widely condemned by White residents of A: coastal South Carolina B: northern California C: western New York D: western Virginia

A coastal South Carolina

"[I am] commanded to explain to the Japanese that. . . [the United States] population has rapidly spread through the country, until it has reached the shores of the Pacific Ocean; that we have now large cities, from which, with the aid of steam vessels, we can reach Japan in eighteen or twenty days; [and] that . . . the Japan seas will soon be covered with our vessels. "Therefore, as the United States and Japan are becoming every day nearer and nearer to each other, the President desires to live in peace and friendship with your imperial majesty, but no friendship can long exist, unless Japan ceases to act toward Americans as if they were her enemies. . . . "Many of the large ships-of-war destined to visit Japan have not yet arrived in these seas, though they are hourly expected; and [the United States has], as an evidence of [its] friendly intentions . . . brought but four of the smaller ones, designing, should it become necessary, to return to Edo [Tokyo] in the ensuing spring with a much larger force." Commodore Matthew C. Perry to the emperor of Japan, letter, 1853 The population trend described in the excerpt most directly reflected which of the following domestic developments in the nineteenth century? Answer A: The belief that it was the Manifest Destiny of the United States to control territory across the continent Answer B: The question of the role of government in funding internal improvements Answer C: The claim that the United States should limit European colonialism in the Western Hemisphere D: The dispute over whether Congress should reestablish a national bank

A: The belief that it was the Manifest Destiny of the United States to control territory across the continent

"For a few years in the 1850s, ethnic conflict among whites rivaled sectional conflict as a major political issue. The immediate origins of this phenomenon lay in the sharp increase of immigration after 1845.... The average quadrupled in the 1830s. But even this paled in comparison with the immigration of the late 1840s.... During the decade 1846 to 1855, more than three million immigrants entered the United States—equivalent to 15 percent of the 1845 population. This was the largest proportional increase in the foreign-born population for any ten-year period in American history.... Equal in significance to the increase in the foreign-born population were changes in its composition." James M. McPherson and James K. Hogue, historians, Ordeal By Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction, 2010 Which of the following could best be used as evidence to support the argument in the excerpt that "ethnic conflict among whites rivaled sectional conflict as a major political issue" of the period? Answer A: Growing concern about the political and cultural influence of Catholic immigrants Answer B: Growing fear of political radicalism among southern and eastern European immigrants Answer C: Increasing cultural influence of European Romanticism in the United States D: Increasing support for the antislavery cause among the immigrant community

A: Growing concern about the political and cultural influence of Catholic immigrants

"Your Memorialist . . . represents to your honorable body, that he has devoted much time and attention to the subject of a railroad from Lake Michigan through the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, and that he finds such a route practicable, the results from which would be incalculable—far beyond the imagination of man to estimate. . . . "It would enable us, in the short space of eight days (and perhaps less) to concentrate all the forces of our vast country at any point from Maine to Oregon. . . . Such easy and rapid communication with such facilities for exchanging the different products of the different parts would bring all our immensely wide spread population together. . . . "[W]ith a railroad to the Pacific, and thence to China by steamers, can be performed in thirty days, being now a distance of nearly seventeen thousand miles. . . Then the drills and sheetings of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts, and other manufactures of the United States, may be transported to China in thirty days; and the teas and rich silks of China, in exchange, come back to New Orleans, to Charleston, to Washington, to Baltimore, to Philadelphia, New York, and to Boston, in thirty days more." Asa Whitney, merchant, "National Railroad, Connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean," memorial to the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States, 1845 The excerpt best reflects which of the following developments? Answer A: Popular support for the idea of Manifest Destiny Answer B: The emergence of nativist political parties Answer C: The collapse of the Second Party System D: The increase in sectional tensions before the Civil War

A: Popular support for the idea of Manifest Destiny

Question refers to the excerpt below. "We have conquered many of the neighboring tribes of Indians, but we have never thought of holding them in subjection—never of incorporating them into our Union....To incorporate Mexico, would be the very first instance of the kind of incorporating an Indian race; for more than half of the Mexicans are Indians, and the other is composed chiefly of mixed tribes.... Ours, sir, is the Government of a white race.... [I]t is professed and talked about to erect these Mexicans into a Territorial Government, and place them on an equality with the people of the United States. I protest utterly against such a project." Senator John C. Calhoun, "Conquest of Mexico" speech, 1848 Based on the excerpt, Calhoun would also be most likely to support which of the following? A Proslavery arguments B Policies favoring immigration C Expanded United States federal authority D United States sale of disputed territory

A: Proslavery Arguments

"The question is simply this: can a negro whose ancestors were imported into this country and sold as slaves become a member of the political community formed and brought into existence by the Constitution of the United States, and as such become entitled to all the rights, and privileges, and immunities, guaranteed by that instrument to the citizen, one of which rights is the privilege of suing in a court of the United States in the cases specified in the Constitution? . . . It is the judgment of this court that it appears . . . that the plaintiff in error is not a citizen . . . in the sense in which that word is used in the Constitution." Which of the following invalidated the decision in the excerpt? Answer A: The Fourteenth Amendment Answer B: Plessy v. Ferguson Answer C: Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka D: The Civil Rights Act of 1964

A: The Fourteenth Amendment

(cartoon) The cartoon above is intended to express Answer A: a critique of Reconstruction Answer B: opposition to women's rights Answer C: opposition to states' rights Answer D: support for strong government E: opposition to the draft

A: a critique of Reconstruction

(graph) The pattern depicted in the graph in the first half of the nineteenth century most directly resulted in Answer A: the formation of a political party that promoted nativism Answer B: federal provision of financial assistance to immigrants Answer C: the establishment of settlement houses D: a more unified national culture that embraced immigrants

A: the formation of a political party that promoted nativism

"The expansion of the South [from 1800 to 1850] across the Appalachians and the Mississippi River to the fringes of the high plains was one of the great American folk wanderings. Motivated by the longing for fresh and cheap land,... Southerners completed their occupation of a region as large as western Europe. Despite the variety of the land, . . . the settlers of the Southwest had certain broad similarities. They might be farmers large or small, but most farmed or lived by serving the needs of farmers. . . . Not all owned or ever would own slaves, but most accepted slavery as a mode of holding and creating wealth." Albert E. Cowdrey, historian, This Land, This South: An Environmental History, 1983 Which of the following was the most significant impact of the South's expansion described in the excerpt? Answer A: Conflict over the future of slavery Answer B: Growth of a national railroad network Answer C: Fewer social differences among White settlers D: Greater opportunities for free African Americans

Answer A: Conflict over the future of slavery

"The American Republicans of the city and county of Philadelphia, who are determined to support the NATIVE [White, Protestant] AMERICANS in their Constitutional Rights of peaceably assembling to express their opinions on any question of Public Policy, and to SUSTAIN THEM AGAINST THE ASSAULTS OF ALIENS AND FOREIGNERS are requested to assemble on MONDAY AFTERNOON, May 6th, 1844 at 4 o'clock, at the corner of Master and Second street, Kensington [a section of Philadelphia], to express their indignation [anger] at the outrage on Friday evening last, which was perpetrated by the Irish Catholics." Text from a poster announcing a meeting of the American Republican Party, later renamed the American Party, Philadelphia, 1844 Which of the following historical situations can best be used to explain how the excerpt would have been interpreted at the time? Answer A: The rise in immigration to the United States Answer B: The decline of the international slave trade Answer C: The expansion of manufacturing in the South D:The start of the women's rights movement

Answer A: The rise in immigration to the United States

"Americans faced an overwhelming task after the Civil War and emancipation: how to understand the tangled relationship between two profound ideas—healing and justice.... [T]hese two aims never developed in historical balance. One might conclude that this imbalance between outcomes of sectional healing and racial justice was simply America's inevitable historical condition....But theories of inevitability...are rarely satisfying.... The sectional reunion after so horrible a civil war was a political triumph by the late nineteenth century, but it could not have been achieved without the resubjugation of many of those people whom the war had freed from centuries of bondage. This is the tragedy lingering on the margins and infesting the heart of American history from Appomattox to World War I." David W. Blight, historian, Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory, 2001 One key change immediately following the Civil War aimed at achieving the "racial justice" that Blight describes was the Answer A: establishment of a constitutional basis for citizenship and voting rights Answer B: creation of new agencies to ensure racial integration in employment Answer C: campaign by the federal government to eliminate poverty D: desegregation of the United States armed forces

Answer A: establishment of a constitutional basis for citizenship and voting rights

"For a few years in the 1850s, ethnic conflict among whites rivaled sectional conflict as a major political issue. The immediate origins of this phenomenon lay in the sharp increase of immigration after 1845.... The average quadrupled in the 1830s. But even this paled in comparison with the immigration of the late 1840s.... During the decade 1846 to 1855, more than three million immigrants entered the United States—equivalent to 15 percent of the 1845 population. This was the largest proportional increase in the foreign-born population for any ten-year period in American history.... Equal in significance to the increase in the foreign-born population were changes in its composition." James M. McPherson and James K. Hogue, historians, Ordeal By Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction, 2010 Which of the following most directly contributed to "the sharp increase of immigration after 1845" referenced in the excerpt? Answer A: The Second Great Awakening Answer B: Crop failures and revolutions in Europe Answer C: Removal of American Indians from the Southeast D: Tariff policies during Andrew Jackson's administration

Answer B: Crop failures and revolutions in Europe

"Americans faced an overwhelming task after the Civil War and emancipation: how to understand the tangled relationship between two profound ideas—healing and justice.... [T]hese two aims never developed in historical balance. One might conclude that this imbalance between outcomes of sectional healing and racial justice was simply America's inevitable historical condition....But theories of inevitability...are rarely satisfying.... The sectional reunion after so horrible a civil war was a political triumph by the late nineteenth century, but it could not have been achieved without the resubjugation of many of those people whom the war had freed from centuries of bondage. This is the tragedy lingering on the margins and infesting the heart of American history from Appomattox to World War I." David W. Blight, historian, Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory, 2001 Which of the following best characterizes the "sectional reunion" Blight describes? Answer A: Gilded Age financial policies encouraged economic growth in the North and the South. Answer B: The federal government removed troops from the South and eliminated aid for former slaves. Answer C: New political alliances united northern and southern members of the Democratic Party to win control of both houses in Congress. D: White laborers in the North and African American farmers in the South joined together in the Populist movement.

Answer B: The federal government removed troops from the South and eliminated aid for former slaves.

"The Vigilance Committee of Boston inform you that the MOCK TRIAL of the poor Fugitive Slave has been further postponed.... Come down, then, Sons of the Puritans: for even if the poor victim is to be carried off by the brute force of arms, and delivered over to Slavery, you should at least be present to witness the sacrifice, and you should follow him in sad procession with your tears and prayers, and then go home and take such action as your manhood and your patriotism may suggest. Come, then, by the early trains on MONDAY, and rally.... Come with courage and resolution in your hearts; but, this time, with only such arms as God gave you." Proclamation addressed "To the Yeomanry of New England," Boston, 1854 The proclamation most clearly provides evidence for which of the following? A: The spreading of violence associated with the Kansas-Nebraska Act B: The failure of the Compromise of 1850 to lessen sectional tensions C: The abolitionist roots of the Republican Party D: The absence of racism in antebellum New England

B The failure of the Compromise of 1850 to lessen sectional tensions

"So many people ask me what they shall do; so few tell me what they can do.Yet this is the pivot wherein all must turn. "I believe that each of us who has his place to make should go where men are wanted, and where employment is not bestowed as alms. Of course, I say to all who are in want of work, GoWest! . . . "On the whole I say, stay where you are; do as well as you can; and devote every spare hour to making yourself familiar with the conditions and dexterity required for the efficient conservation of out-door industry in a new country. Having mastered these, gather up your family and GoWest!" Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, letter to R. L. Sanderson, 1871 Which of the following late-nineteenth-century federal actions most directly supported the ideas expressed in the excerpt? A: The passage of antitrust legislation B: The sale of land to settlers at low cost C: The exclusion of immigrants from Asia D: The purchase of silver by the United States Treasury

B The sale of land to settlers at low cost

Senator John C. Calhoun said, "We have conquered many of the neighboring tribes of Indians, but we have never thought of holding them in subjection—never of incorporating them into our Union....To incorporate Mexico, would be the very first instance of the kind of incorporating an Indian race; for more than half of the Mexicans are Indians, and the other is composed chiefly of mixed tribes.... Ours, sir, is the Government of a white race.... [I]t is professed and talked about to erect these Mexicans into a Territorial Government, and place them on an equality with the people of the United States. I protest utterly against such a project." The excerpt most directly reflects which of the following developments in the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century? Options: A The end of the Spanish-American War B Westward expansion C The booming internal slave trade D: Increased manufacturing

B Westward Expansion

(map 2) Which of the following ideas contributed most directly to the territorial changes shown in the map? Answer A: Abolitionism Answer B: Manifest Destiny Answer C: Popular sovereignty D: Containment

B: Manifest Destiny

"Europe's requirements for the next three or four years of foreign food and other essential products—principally from America—are so much greater than her present ability to pay that she must have substantial additional help or face economic, social, and political deterioration of a very grave character.... It is logical that the United States should do whatever it is able to do to assist in the return of normal economic health in the world, without which there can be no political stability and no assured peace. Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrine but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos. Its purpose should be the revival of a working economy in the world so as to permit the emergence of political and social conditions in which free institutions can exist." Speech by Secretary of State George Marshall initiating the aid program known as the Marshall Plan, 1947 The policies advocated by Marshall had most in common with which of the following developments in other periods in United States history? Answer A: The expansion of a market economy in the early 1800s, which shaped a distinctive middle class Answer B: The attempts by the federal government to foster economic opportunities for former slaves after the Civil War Answer C: The emergence of political machines in the late 1800s, which provided economic and social services to urban residents D: The forcing of American Indians onto reservations by the United States government following the extension of White settlement

B: The attempts by the federal government to foster economic opportunities for former slaves after the Civil War

Which of the following states the principle of "popular sovereignty?" Answer A: Congress has the right to decide where slavery shall and shall not exist. Answer B: The settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide whether or not slavery will be permitted there. Answer C: Individual citizens can decide for themselves whether or not to hold slaves. Answer D: The American people shall decide where slavery will exist through a national plebiscite. E: Individual states have the right to reject congressional decisions pertaining to slavery.

B: The settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide whether or not slavery will be permitted there.

"[I am] commanded to explain to the Japanese that. . . [the United States] population has rapidly spread through the country, until it has reached the shores of the Pacific Ocean; that we have now large cities, from which, with the aid of steam vessels, we can reach Japan in eighteen or twenty days; [and] that . . . the Japan seas will soon be covered with our vessels. "Therefore, as the United States and Japan are becoming every day nearer and nearer to each other, the President desires to live in peace and friendship with your imperial majesty, but no friendship can long exist, unless Japan ceases to act toward Americans as if they were her enemies. . . . "Many of the large ships-of-war destined to visit Japan have not yet arrived in these seas, though they are hourly expected; and [the United States has], as an evidence of [its] friendly intentions . . . brought but four of the smaller ones, designing, should it become necessary, to return to Edo [Tokyo] in the ensuing spring with a much larger force." Commodore Matthew C. Perry to the emperor of Japan, letter, 1853 The excerpt best supports the conclusion that in the 1850s, the United States government Answer A: sought to prevent Japan from forming a naval alliance with the British empire Answer B: was willing to intimidate Asian countries like Japan to secure economic opportunities Answer C: attempted to monopolize Japanese commerce and to exclude the participation of Europeans in trade D: was interested in making the government of Japan more democratic

B: was willing to intimidate Asian countries like Japan to secure economic opportunities

Which of the following best describes the situation of freedom in the decade following the Civil War? Answer A: Each was given 40 acres of land and a mule by the Union government. Answer B: All were immediately granted political equality by the Emancipation Proclamation. Answer C: The majority entered sharecropping arrangements with former masters or other nearby planters. Answer D: They were required to pass a literacy test before being granted United States citizenship. E: They supported the passage of Black codes to ensure their economic and political rights.

C The majority entered sharecropping arrangements with former masters or other nearby planters.

"It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, November 1863 Which of the following most directly contributed to the conflict referred to in the excerpt? A: Disputes over taxation and representation B: Tensions between isolationism and international engagement C: Disagreements over whether to allow slavery in new territories D: Debates about the role of religion in society and government

C Disagreements over whether to allow slavery in new territories

The trend shown in the map led most directly to which of the following? A A decreasing gap in wealth because land ownership increased among White citizens B Decreasing tensions between White settlers and Native Americans because expanded United States territory undercut competition C Increasing divisions between North and South because of questions about the status of slavery in new territories D Increasing legal immigration for Asians because the United States became a Pacific Rim country

C Increasing divisions between North and South because of questions about the status of slavery in new territories

"The petition of a great number of blacks detained in a state of slavery in the bowels of a free and Christian country humbly showeth that...they have in common with all other men a natural and inalienable right to that freedom which the Great Parent of the Universe has bestowed equally on all mankind and which they have never forfeited by any compact or agreement whatever.... "[E]very principle from which America has acted in the course of their unhappy difficulties with Great Britain pleads stronger than a thousand arguments in favor of your petitioners. They therefore humbly beseech your honors to give this petition its due weight and consideration and cause an act of the legislature to be passed whereby they may be restored to the enjoyments of that which is the natural right of all men." Petition for freedom to the Massachusetts Council and the House of Representatives for the State of Massachusetts, January 1777 Which of the following developments from the 1800s emerged from ideas most similar to those expressed in the excerpt? Answer A: Campaigns by moral reformers to promote temperance Answer B: Efforts by American Indians to achieve political sovereignty through treaties with the United States government Answer C: The ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution D: The passage of legislation by southern states intended to nullify federal laws

C: The ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

"We, therefore, the people of the State of South Carolina, in convention assembled, do declare and ordain... that the several acts and parts of acts of the Congress of the United States, purporting to be laws for the imposing of duties and imposts on the importation of foreign commodities...are unauthorized by the Constitution of the United States, and violate the true meaning and intent thereof and are null, void, and no law, nor binding upon this State...." South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification, 1832 Arguments similar to those expressed in the excerpt were later employed to justify which of the following? Answer A: The entry into the Mexican-American War Answer B: The passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act Answer C: The secession of most Southern states D: The ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment

C: The secession of most Southern states

"We have conquered many of the neighboring tribes of Indians, but we have never thought of holding them in subjection—never of incorporating them into our Union... Which of the following events best represents a continuity of the sentiments expressed by Senator Calhoun in the speech? A: The United States rejection of membership in the League of Nations B: Support for assimilationist policies in the 1880s and 1890s C: The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson D: The Great Migration of African Americans out of the South in the 1910s

C: The supreme court decision in Plessy v Ferguson

In 1861 the North went to war with the South primarily to Answer A: liberate the slaves Answer B: prevent European powers from meddling in American affairs Answer C: preserve the Union Answer D: average political defeats and insults inflicted by the South E: forestall a Southern invasion of the North

C: preserve the Union

"It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, November 1863 Lincoln's main purpose in the excerpt was to A: advocate racial equality B: encourage the punishment of the South C: propose expanded democratic voting rights D: gain continued support for the war effort

D gain continued support for the war effort

"We do not know whether free laborers ever sleep. . . . The free laborer must work or starve. He is more of a slave than the negro, because he works longer and harder for less allowance than the slave, and has no holiday, because the cares of life with him begin when its labors end. He has no liberty, and not a single right." George Fitzhugh, Cannibals All! or, Slaves Without Masters, 1857 The excerpt above reflects the common argument in the antebellum South that Answer A: slavery was immoral Answer B: capitalism was the economic system most likely to generate wealth and happiness for the most people Answer C: the South needed to change to survive Answer D: slaves lived better than northern factory workers E: industrialists took care of their workers' welfare

D slaves lived better than northern factory workers

(map) In the mid-nineteenth century, the process shown in the map was advocated by supporters of which of the following ideologies? Answer A: Republicanism Answer B: Abolitionism Answer C: Progressivism D: Manifest Destiny

D: Manifest Destiny

(map 2) with texas annexation The territorial changes shown in the southwestern region of the map most directly resulted from Answer A: treaties made with American Indian nations Answer B: the purchase of land from France and Spain Answer C: the Spanish-American War D: the Mexican-American War

D: The Mexican-American War

(map 2) The acquisition of territory in the southwestern region shown in the map intensified controversies in the United States about Answer A: granting free land in the new territories Answer B: rights to mineral wealth and resources in the new territories Answer C: extending citizenship to people already in the territories D: allowing slavery in the new territories

D: allowing slavery in the new territories

"So many people ask me what they shall do; so few tell me what they can do.Yet this is the pivot wherein all must turn. "I believe that each of us who has his place to make should go where men are wanted, and where employment is not bestowed as alms. Of course, I say to all who are in want of work, GoWest! . . . "On the whole I say, stay where you are; do as well as you can; and devote every spare hour to making yourself familiar with the conditions and dexterity required for the efficient conservation of out-door industry in a new country. Having mastered these, gather up your family and GoWest!" Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, letter to R. L. Sanderson, 1871 The advice in the excerpt most directly reflects the influence of which of the following prevailing American ideas? A: Nationalism B: Popular sovereignty C: Manifest Destiny D: Isolationism

Manifest Destiny

"The American Republicans of the city and county of Philadelphia, who are determined to support the NATIVE [White, Protestant] AMERICANS in their Constitutional Rights of peaceably assembling to express their opinions on any question of Public Policy, and to SUSTAIN THEM AGAINST THE ASSAULTS OF ALIENS AND FOREIGNERS are requested to assemble on MONDAY AFTERNOON, May 6th, 1844 at 4 o'clock, at the corner of Master and Second street, Kensington [a section of Philadelphia], to express their indignation [anger] at the outrage on Friday evening last, which was perpetrated by the Irish Catholics." Text from a poster announcing a meeting of the American Republican Party, later renamed the American Party, Philadelphia, 1844 The language in the excerpt was most likely interpreted as promoting which of the following? Answer A: States' rights Answer B: Nativist sentiment Answer C: Religious pluralism D: Abolitionist activism

Nativist sentiment: B

"The question is simply this: can a negro whose ancestors..." Which of the following most likely supported the ideas expressed in the excerpt? Answer A: Abolitionists Answer B: Southern Democrats Answer C: Free soil advocates D: Northern Republicans

Southern Democrats: B

"I am filled with deep emotion at finding myself standing here in the place . . . from which sprang the institutions under which we live. . . . I have never had a feeling politically that did not spring from the sentiments embodied in the Declaration of Independence. . . . It was not the mere matter of the separation of the colonies from the mother land; but something in that Declaration giving liberty, not alone to the people of this country, but hope to the world for all future time. It was that which gave promise that in due time the weights should be lifted from the shoulders of all men. . . . "Now, my friends, can this country be saved upon that basis? If it can, I will consider myself one of the happiest men in the world if I can help to save it. If it can't be saved upon that principle, it will be truly awful. "Now, in my view of the present aspect of affairs, there need be no bloodshed and war. . . . And I may say in advance, there will be no blood shed unless it be forced upon the Government. . . . "My friends, this is a wholly unprepared speech. I did not expect to be called upon to say a word when I came here. . . . I may, therefore, have said something indiscreet, but I have said nothing but what I am willing to live by, and, in the pleasure of Almighty God, die by." The excerpt most likely reflects which of the following historical situations? Answer A: Abraham Lincoln won all of the electoral college votes in the presidential election. Answer B: Formerly enslaved people were given the right to vote in presidential elections. Answer C: Southern states refused to participate in the presidential election. D: States in the South had begun seceding after the presidential election.

States in the South had begun seceding after the presidential election. D

"The question is simply this: can a negro whose ancestors were imported into this country and sold as slaves become a member of the political community formed a..." Which of the following was the most immediate result of the decision in the excerpt? Answer A: Tensions over slavery diminished. Answer B: Support grew for the Republican Party. Answer C: The United States fought a war with Mexico. D: Most slave states voted to secede from the Union.

Support grew for the Republican party: B

"The question is simply this: can a negro whose ancestors were imported into this country and sold as slaves become a member of the political community formed and brought into existence by the Constitution of the United States..." The decision in the excerpt held which of the following to be unconstitutional? Answer A: The Northwest Ordinance Answer B: The Louisiana Purchase Answer C: The Missouri Compromise D: The Wilmot Proviso

The Missouri Compromise: C

"For a few years in the 1850s, ethnic conflict among whites rivaled sectional conflict as a major political issue. The immediate origins of this phenomenon lay in the sharp increase of immigration after 1845.... The average quadrupled in the 1830s. But even this paled in comparison with the immigration of the late 1840s.... During the decade 1846 to 1855, more than three million immigrants entered the United States—equivalent to 15 percent of the 1845 population. This was the largest proportional increase in the foreign-born population for any ten-year period in American history.... Equal in significance to the increase in the foreign-born population were changes in its composition." James M. McPherson and James K. Hogue, historians, Ordeal By Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction, 2010 The conflict described in the excerpt is most similar to conflict in what other period? Answer A: The period from after the Seven Years' War through the 1760s Answer B: The period from after the War of 1812 through the 1820s Answer C: The period from after the First World War through the 1920s D: The period from after the Second World War through the 1950s

The period from after the First World War through the 1920s: C

(Picture) The situation depicted in the image best serves as evidence of the A: expansion of federal power B: decline of an agrarian economy C: increase in sectional divisions D: institutionalization of racial segregation

expansion of federal power: A