ART 100 Ch. 13: Architecture

What is a vast roofed space of post-and-lintel construction called?

A hypostyle hall

By what is the weight of a suspension bridge primarily supported?

A series of steel cables

is the name for sun dried brick used as an architectural building material.

Adobe

Which types of materials are suitable in the construction of load-bearing architecture?

Adobe Stone Ice blocks Brick

What is one advantage of reinforced-concrete construction?

An ability to be molded into nearly any shape or form

Which culture's hypostyle halls were relatively dark with only the very top of the load-bearing walls pierced with small windows?

Ancient Egypt

What is CAD/CAM?

Computer-aided design and manufacturing

What did the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London do?

Established the success of cast-iron as a building material

Which architectural elements are characteristic of Gothic style?

Flying buttresses Large stained glass windows Pointed arches

Which architect used digital design and fabrication to create works such as the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao?

Frank Gehry

are relatively lightweight, amazingly strong, and built with prefabricated modules, all of which allows for quick and inexpensive construction.

Geodesic Dome

Which innovations made balloon-frame construction practical?

Improved milling lumber techniques Mass-produced nails

What culture is most closely associated with the use of corbelled architectural elements?

Indian

Which is NOT an advantage of balloon-frame construction?

It can be built to conceivably infinite heights.

What does the use of the bracket set and the stepped truss system do in Eastern architecture?

It distributes the weight of the roof evenly across a series of columns.

What can be inferred about modern architecture due to the advent of new technologies and materials?

It is better equipped to respond to community and environmental needs

In a skeleton-and-skin system, what is the support structure of a building?

It is contained inside more fragile outer layers and is generally not visible.

Our sense of community is strengthened by having access to what area?

Public spaces

In architecture an element in compression is being __________an element in tension is being_________

Pushed Pulled

What set includes common community buildings?

Schools, courthouses, libraries, and hospitals

What is the ability for a building material to withstand stretching known as?

Tensile strength

As what are fabric structures also known?

Tensile structures

What is a drawback of load-bearing construction?

The inability to insert large openings, such as windows, in the walls

To what is green architecture largely a response?

The unsustainable cost of industrialization

What is the purpose of green architecture?

To create a healthier and less wasteful human habitat

What are the two most common materials use in post-and-lintel constriction?

Wood Stone

In a vaulted church, each rectangular division of space, consisting of one groin vault, is called a ______.

bay

Suspension techniques are most closely associated with the construction of

bridges

During the mid-19th century the experimental use of ______ as a building material allowed for breakthroughs in the development of the skeleton-and-skin structural system.

cast-iron

Concrete was invented during the late 19th century as a cheap and easily transportable material.

false

Architects call the forces that act upon a building ______.

loads

A circular opening at the top of a dome is called the ______.

oculus

Reims Cathedral is a characteristic example of what style of architecture?

Gothic

The architectural element that gaps the transition from a square base to a domed roof is known as a ______.

pendentive

construction was developed to allow for the fabrication of tall buildings not possible using balloon-frame techniques.

steel frame

Used in building skyscrapers, ______ construction uses a metal cage to support a decorative exterior of another material such as glass, masonry, or stone.

steel-frame

The key to fabric architecture is ______.

tension

The ______ is the essential geometric form in the construction and support of a geodesic dome.

triangle

Around 1980 many architects began using two-dimensional drawing programs to guide construction of architectural projects.

true

When deciding on the structural system for a building, ______ and ______ are the first considerations.

weight; tensile strength