ART-Chapter 4 Questions

What is the design principle for creating a neutral area that does not distract from the area of emphasis? a. contrast b. subordination c. unity and variety d. directional forces

b. subordination

One reason for the extremely small size of Cruzeiro do Sul (Southern Cross) was a. the artist's lack of funds to produce the work. b. to draw attention to the lack of importance many people give to Southern Hemisphere countries. c. to create a humorous work. d. to draw attention to the importance of geometric forms.

b. to draw attention to the lack of importance many people give to Southern Hemisphere countries.

One way that John McCracken achieved unity with the work Untitled was a. making it taller than it is wider. b. using the same unvarying color throughout the piece. c. making it a different color than the wall. d. using three media.

b. using the same unvarying color throughout the piece.

What design goal does the inclusion of helicopters, cars, and hand grenades demonstrate in contemporary Afghan carpets? a. directional forces b. emphasis and subordination c. pattern d. scale and proportion

c. pattern

Which element is necessary to create an all-over pattern in an artwork? a. the use of geometric shapes and forms b. the use of complementary groups of colors c. the repetition of a set of ordered elements d. the use of organic shapes and forms

c. the repetition of a set of ordered elements

What is one visual clue that Edgar Degas uses In Jockeys Before the Race to move the viewer's attention to the left side of the canvas? a. the large horse b. the jockey's white jacket c. the sun d. the pole

c. the sun

What combination of lines provides stability in a composition? a. vertical and diagonal lines b. intersecting diagonal lines c. vertical and horizontal lines d. horizontal and diagonal lines

c. vertical and horizontal lines

How does an artist's use of directional forces differ from the use of emphasis and subordination in a work of art? a. Directional forces are used in dynamic and expressive works of art. b. Directional forces rely on contrast and position to highlight the focal point. c. Directional forces draw the viewer's eye to neutral areas of lesser importance. d. Directional forces create a path around the work of art.

d. Directional forces create a path around the work of art.

How did Goya evoke a sense of motion on the part of the bullfighter in The Agility and Daring of Juanito Apinani? a. He placed the bullfighter on the intersection of the diagonal axes. b. He depicted the bullfighter swinging on a pole. c. He depicted the bullfighter in sharp light and dark contrasts. d. He depicted the bullfighter perpendicular to the pole.

a. He placed the bullfighter on the intersection of the diagonal axes.

How does the change in the scale of the "5" function in Charles Demuth's I Saw The Figure 5 in Gold? a. It draws the viewer deeper into the painting. b. It provides greater color contrast. c. It moves the viewer's eye around the painting. d. It forces the viewer's attention on the picture plane.

a. It draws the viewer deeper into the painting.

What element moves our eye toward the empty panel on the left of Ogata Korin's Cranes? a. the directional force of the birds' heads b. the subordination in the color of the birds' feathers c. the contrast of the gold background color d. the scale of the birds in relation to the height of the screen

a. the directional force of the birds' heads

Which detail in Titian's Noli Me Tangere best demonstrates the principle of subordination in design? a. the muted colors of the landscape b. the tall tree in the center of the image c. the outstretched hand of Christ d. the red robe of Mary Magdalene

a. the muted colors of the landscape

What element creates unity in I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold? a. the number 5 b. the color red c. the diagonal lines d. the focal point

a. the number 5

What is one reason that Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen exaggerated scale in Shuttlecocks? a. to promote playing badminton b. to criticize the museum's collecting practices c. to create a diagonal direction d. to poke fun at museum practices

d. to poke fun at museum practices

The use of pattern in Pieter de Hooch's Interior of a Dutch House demonstrates which design principle? a. balance b. scale and proportion c. emphasis and subordination d. unity and variety

d. unity and variety

How did the addition of horizontal lines to the couch change Henri Matisse's final version of Large Reclining Nude? a. It reduced downward directional force. b. It altered the proportions of the figure. c. It created visual rhythm in the image. d. It added pattern and contrast.

a. It reduced downward directional force.

Why is it possible for a small yellow form to balance a large blue form? a. Warm colors appear heavier than cool colors. b. Small forms appear heavier than large forms. c. Large forms appear heavier than small forms. d. Cool colors appear heavier than warm colors.

a. Warm colors appear heavier than cool colors.

The more variety in a work of art, the more the artist a. has to introduce orderly elements. b. scale the work up to make it bigger. c. has to make preliminary drawings. d. can charge for the work.

a. has to introduce orderly elements.

What is one design principle that Matisse addressed with the netlike patterns on the couch and framing edges of his painting Large Reclining Nude? a. rhythm and repetition b. directional forces c. symmetrical balance d. scale and proportion

a. rhythm and repetition

What design principle is obviously distorted to create greater impact in Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen's Shuttlecocks? a. scale b. unity c. symmetry d. proportion

a. scale

What was the reason Matisse took so many photographs of his drawings for Large Reclining Nude? a. He needed the photographs for a book he was writing. b. He was interested in documenting how design could affect a final work that began with a naturalistic drawing. c. It made it easier for him to keep track of the changes he made. d. It was standard practice for artists to photograph their work in process.

b. He was interested in documenting how design could affect a final work that began with a naturalistic drawing.

What distinguishes the use of balance in sculpture from its use in painting? a. Sculptural balance is usually symmetrical. b. Sculpture must consider balance for structural purposes. c. Sculpture achieves balance through maintaining scale and proportion. d. Sculpture relies on balance as a way to engage the viewer.

b. Sculpture must consider balance for structural purposes.

How do the tall green seats provide unity in Jacob Lawrence's Going Home? a. Their symmetry connotes permanence and poise. b. They create visual a visual theme across the composition. c. They balance the composition. d. They serve as a focal point for the viewer.

b. They create visual a visual theme across the composition.

Where does Peter de Hooch use repetition as an organizing principle in Interior of a Dutch House? a. in the similar clothing worn by the figures b. in the rectangular shapes that form the floor tiles c. in the various sizes of rectangles used for the fireplace, windows, paintings, and maps. d. in the even number of figures

b. in the rectangular shapes that form the floor tiles

One way that Jacob Lawrence created unity in Going Home was by a. including reclining and sitting figures. b. repeating the use of red in a variety of shapes. c. limiting the composition to one railroad car interior. d. painting a topic that had deep personal meaning.

b. repeating the use of red in a variety of shapes.

What is one way that Wallace Berman created a sense of rhythm in Untitled? a. use of light and dark contrasts b. repetition of hands and radio shape c. addition of Hebrew letters d. inclusion of different images on the radio

b. repetition of hands and radio shape

Why did Matisse believe that design was as important to a composition as facial expressions and gestures? a. He was trying to draw attention to scale and proportion. b. He was trying to draw attention to his use of color. c. He was trying to explain his works to viewers. d. He believed that the arrangement of visual elements was necessary to create an expressive composition.

d. He believed that the arrangement of visual elements was necessary to create an expressive composition.

Why do many public buildings employ symmetrical balance in their designs? a. Symmetrical balance allows for the most efficient use of space. b. Symmetrical balance is associated with divine power. c. Symmetrical balance promotes quick and economical construction. d. Symmetrical balance suggests stability and permanence.

d. Symmetrical balance suggests stability and permanence.

Why do many public buildings employ symmetrical balance in their designs? a. Symmetrical balance promotes quick and economical construction. b. Symmetrical balance allows for the most efficient use of space. c. Symmetrical balance is associated with divine power. d. Symmetrical balance suggests stability and permanence.

d. Symmetrical balance suggests stability and permanence.

What design principle does Damien Hirst's Posterity—The Holy Place perfectly exemplify? a. emphasis and subordination b. directional forces c. contrast d. balance

d. balance

Which term refers to the organization of visual elements in a painting or a photograph? a. balance b. format c. unity d. composition

d. composition

What did Matisse create by moving the figure's right leg down slightly in his version of Large Reclining Nude? a. greater contrast b. a balance of unity and variety c. a proportionate figure d. directional force

d. directional force

Artists use contrast, color intensity, position, and size to create a. a diagonal force in the work. b. unity and variety in the work. c. symmetry in the work. d. emphasis on a specific area of the work.

d. emphasis on a specific area of the work.

The distorted proportions of the Roettgen Pietà adds to its a. sense of balance. b. naturalism. c. visual unity. d. expressive effect.

d. expressive effect.

What design problem is presented by the subject matter in Lavinia Fontana's Noli Me Tangere? a. depicting the empty tomb of Christ in the background b. representing the passage of time in the story c. representing the divinity of Christ and the humanity of Mary Magdalene d. foregrounding the standing and prostrate figures

d. foregrounding the standing and prostrate figures

Most artists want a balance of unity and variety because a. every work has to include both elements. b. it makes it easier for the viewer to understand. c. both are required for a work to have diversity. d. that combination usually yields the most interesting compositions.

d. that combination usually yields the most interesting compositions.

Which contributes most to the drama of Francisco Goya's composition in Bullfight: The Agility and Daring of Juanito Apinani? a. the horizontal format b. the horizontal wall in the background c. the small scale of the figures d. the contrast of light and dark tones

d. the contrast of light and dark tones

A person typically experiences scale in relation to a. smaller details within a work of art. b. the size of the room. c. other artworks surrounding an object. d. the size of his or her body.

d. the size of his or her body.