Art in World Cultures Midterm

While traveling in Greece, you see columns of all different orders. You examine each one carefully. You see one with a capital, which consists of a rounded echinus at the top joined to a square called the abacus. There are 20 grooves around the column. The column lacks a base and stands directly on the floor below it. Which order do you infer you are observing?

Doric

In ancient Greece, sculptors were often viewed as acclaimed artists and were held in high regard.

False

Objects with larger proportions will seem smaller and farther away from the viewer of a painting, while objects with smaller proportions will seem larger and closer to the viewer.

False

The Warka Vase was stolen from the National Museum of Iraq in 2003, but it was later returned in perfect condition.

False

Take a look at this painting: In Gothic paintings such as this one, we see something completely new to painting. What is completely new?

Figures are painted within space created by architecture.

Compare cave paintings to finger flutings. What is one thing that makes these two artforms different?

Finger flutings can only be created on soft stones.

While at the museum, you see Greek statues with more natural poses and more skillful depictions of the human form. These are posed with one foot in front of the other, giving natural bended knees and a slight turn in the pelvis. The stance is more athletic and natural to the ways that humans stand and move. From what period do you infer these statues are?

classical

Your classmate Hernando wants to draw lines that create a sense of energy and movement in his drawing. Which type of line would you recommend to him to best articulate this feeling?

curved

Amelia wants to take an art course at a local community center. She loves looking at pieces that are not only beautiful but also functional. One of her favorite collections in the local museum is a group of ancient Egyptian bowls that have interesting carvings on them. What course would you recommend to Amelia?

decorative arts

Take a look at this Roman monument: Photo by Sarahhoa, distributed under a CC BY-SA 2.0 license. The construction of this architectural wonder is possible because of the Roman use of what specific structure?

dome

You have recently been named as the curator at a local art gallery. You have the responsibility of organizing all of the art according to its form. You must look at each piece, decide on its medium, and place it in the correct area of the gallery. Take a look at this piece of art. Where would you place it in the gallery?

drawing area

Your friend Daniel notices wall supports that have a masonry block at ground level and an arch that connects the block to the wall while studying gothic European cathedrals. What structures is Daniel MOST LIKELY looking at?

flying buttresses

You've been named as a career counselor for a local college. You are responsible for making career recommendations for each student. Samantha loves business, marketing, communications, and art. Her dream is to find a job that incorporates all of these passions. What would you suggest to Samantha as her best career option?

gallery manager

On Gothic cathedrals, there are often waterspouts sculpted from stone that extend out from the building and may have a scary appearance. What are these structures called?

gargoyles

Your classmate Carson is struggling with his drawings. His teacher told him that the separate parts of his artwork aren't really working together cohesively. He has trouble picking colors that complement each other. He wants the parts of his work to flow well together, but they seem to be very separate. He asks you if there is a specific principle he can work on to improve his drawings. After evaluating Carson's situation, what do you conclude is the BEST principle for him to work on?

harmony

As curator at the museum, you are hosting a new collection that showcases different elements and principles of art. A new piece of art arrives that looks like a bunch of stick figures created by a little kid. You are responsible for sorting the art and placing each piece into the correct area of the exhibit. Based on your evaluation of this piece, where do you conclude it should BEST be placed?

line

What should you call one of the large stone rocks that were created in the Neolithic period when it is placed upright on one end?

menhir

There were many large stone monuments that were created in the Neolithic period. What term would you use to identify one of these rocks?

monolith

Take a moment to analyze this work: What is MOST LIKELY the type of shape or form of this work?

organic shape

Katrina has always wanted to start her own business. She wants to sell mugs and tee shirts that have fun designs on them. She wants to create a design and then mass-produce it on multiple products. She asks you if you could suggest an art class for her that would help her reproduce her images quickly and efficiently. What art class would best fit Katrina's interests?

printmaking

You have recently been named as the curator at a local art gallery. You have the responsibility of organizing all of the art according to its form. You must look at each piece, decide on its medium, and place it in the correct area of the gallery. Take a look at this piece of art. Where would you place it in the gallery?

sculpture area

As curator at the museum, you are hosting a new collection that showcases different elements and principles of art. A new piece of art arrives that looks like it would be amazing to touch. Just by looking at it, you can tell how it feels. You are responsible for sorting the art and placing each piece into the correct area of the exhibit. Based on your evaluation of this piece, where do you conclude it should BEST be placed?

texture

Take a moment to analyze this work: Painting by Lizza Littlewort, distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license. Notice how you can almost imagine how it feels. What do you conclude is the element the artist is using to create this effect?

texture

While giving a presentation on Neolithic life, your classmate Anthony talks about the Neolithic clay pots. He lists off several facts about these pots. Which one of these "facts" appears to be CORRECT?

the clay pots were used for cooking, storing food, and transporting food.

Take a moment to analyze this work: What is MOST LIKELY represents the positive space in this work?

the girl

When Stonehenge was built, stones were brought from many miles away. Of the stones that traveled the furthest, approximately how many miles did these stones travel to get to Stonehenge?

240

Plaster statuettes representing Neolithic sculpture were found in present-day Jordan in the Middle East. What is TRUE about these statuettes?

Archaeologists uncovered about three dozen of these statuettes.

Your classmate Sean doesn't want to do art critiques: "I don't agree with looking at art just to list all of the things that the artist did wrong. That sounds mean." What incorrect idea does Sean believe about art critiques?

Art critiques focus on only negative aspects of an artist's work.

When you compare art movements to art periods, what is one of the biggest differences?

Art periods are typically longer than art movements.

Compare the art of drawing and the art of printmaking. What is one thing these two forms have in common?

Both can create images using ink on different mediums.

After studying both prehistoric and ancient art, your classmate Rachel is determined that these two types of art have absolutely nothing in common. You tell her that you have noticed some similarities. What could you tell her to support your argument that prehistoric and ancient art have some things in common?

Both have pieces that were made of durable materials.

While walking through a museum, you come across an icon that features a saint. There are clear symbols of Christianity, a plain but golden background, and a saint with large eyes who appears to be floating in the artwork. What type of art would you infer this MOST LIKELY is?

Byzantine art

Why was the focus primarily on Christian art during the period from the start of Christianity in Europe to the Middle Ages?

Christian artworks were often located in churches, monasteries, and other locations that provided them with protection.

On a recent visit to Europe, your friend Andreas admired the beautiful architecture in the museums. He looked up and admired the curved ceiling that seemed to be a series of arches placed one in front of another to create a long opening with a curved ceiling to walk under. What is the structure Andreas observed that is so crucial to the construction of these curved ceilings?

barrel vault

Your classmate Bailey is struggling with her sculpture. She has a specific meaning in mind for her artwork, but no one seems to understand it. Her teacher commented that the separate parts of the sculpture are not clearly contributing to her message. Bailey wants the various parts of the artwork to function together to create her overall meaning. She asks you if there is a specific principle she can work on to improve her sculpting. After evaluating Bailey's situation, what do you conclude is the BEST principle for her to work on?

Unity

Your classmates are listing animals that were seen on the cave paintings found in the Lascaux Cave. However, several of the animals they are listing are incorrect. Of the animals they stated, which animal was MOST LIKELY found painted in the cave?

bison

While looking at a Greek vase, you notice silhouetted humans and animals. What style are you MOST likely observing?

black-figure style

Your friend Mateo feels overwhelmed while trying to critique a piece of art. He confides in you that he has a great description of the piece, a quality analysis, and a solid interpretation, but he has no idea how to finish with an evaluation of the piece. What question could help Mateo evaluate the artwork?

Was the artist successful in conveying the message or theme of the artwork to you?

Your classmate Madeline feels overwhelmed while trying to critique a piece of art. She confides in you that she has a great description of the piece, but she has no idea how to continue with her analysis of the piece. What question should Madeline ask to help her analyze the artwork?

What elements of art or design principles are used in the artwork?

Your classmate Avery feels overwhelmed while trying to critique a piece of art. She confides in you that she has a great description of the piece, but she has no idea how to continue with her analysis of the piece. What question should Avery ask to help her analyze the artwork?

What purpose do the art elements or design principles serve in the work?

Your friend Amelia feels overwhelmed while trying to critique a piece of art. She confides in you that she has a great description of the piece and a quality analysis, but she has no idea how to continue with her interpretation of the piece. What question could help Amelia interpret the artwork?

What symbols or hidden meanings does the artwork contain?

Some of the earliest Christian art that we know about was found in the catacombs of Rome. What was a symbol that artists used in the early artwork in the catacombs that had a religious significance?

an anchor

At the museum, you see this Greek sculpture: Photo by Marsyas, distributed under a CC BY-SA 2.5 license. After examining the sculpture, what style do you determine it is?

archaic

Take a look at this Roman aqueduct: Photo by Benh Lieu Song, distributed under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license. The construction of this architectural wonder was possible because of the Roman use of what specific structures?

arches

You've been named as a career counselor for a local college. You are responsible for making career recommendations for each student. Charlotte wants to work in a museum with artwork that has been recently discovered or that has suffered damage. She wants to use her knowledge and skills to protect and restore the artwork to its original state. What would you suggest to Charlotte as her best career option?

art conservationist

Your friend Stacy loves to critique art. She thinks she would like a career where she could critique art and help businesses and private clients choose the best pieces for their collections. She asks you for your advice about her future career path. What do you conclude would be the best career option for Stacy based on her interests?

art consultant

Your friend Angelo loves to critique art. He thinks he would like a career where he could critique other people's art and help them become better artists. He asks you for your advice about his future career path. What do you conclude would be the best career option for Angelo based on his interests?

art instructor

You've been named as a career counselor for a local college. You are responsible for making career recommendations for each student. Evie loves art and working with children. What would you suggest to Evie as her best career option?

art teacher

As curator at the museum, you are hosting a new collection that showcases different elements and principles of art. A new piece of art arrives that looks like it is perfectly symmetrical. The painter managed to create perfect replicas on both halves of the canvas. You are responsible for sorting the art and placing each piece into the correct area of the exhibit. Based on your evaluation of this painting, where do you conclude it should BEST be placed?

balance

Your classmate Jean is struggling with his paintings. He wants his subjects to be evenly distributed across the canvas, but they always end up squeezed together on one side of it instead. He asks you if there is a specific principle he can work on to improve his paintings. After evaluating Jean's situation, what do you conclude is the BEST principle for him to work on?

balance

Your friend, Anna, doesn't believe that she needs to know that context of a piece of art to fully understand it. You disagree. What is the best argument you could present to prove that context is important to the understanding of a work of art?

Our lives may be very different from what the artist experienced when creating a piece of art

Compare and contrast shape and form. What is one thing that makes them different from each other?

Shapes are flat, 2-dimensional art elements; forms are 3-dimensional art elements.

Compare and contrast symmetrical and asymmetrical balance. What is one thing that makes them different from each other?

Symmetrical balance occurs when the weight of the artwork's composition is evenly distributed; asymmetrical balance happens when the visual weight in the artwork is not evenly distributed.

Historians use art to help them understand what happened in previous time periods. How can looking at paintings of ancient Greek culture help historians understand events of the past?

Greek paintings of the first Olympic games show historians what athletic contests were like.

At the museum, you see this Greek sculpture that was influenced by the conquests of Alexander the Great and the expansion of the Greek empire:

Hellenistic

Look at this column: After studying the column in the image, which order do you infer you are observing?

Ionic

Your classmate Adele is giving a presentation on the piece of artwork known as Shigir Idol. She mentions several facts; which fact is MOST LIKELY correct?

It was created during the Mesolithic period.

Your classmate Emily is giving a presentation about medieval art. She mentions the Bayeux Tapestry. What does she mention that is NOT correct about this piece of artwork?

Male artists created the pieces in professional workshops.

One similarity among Egyptian art is in the use of a proportional system. What was the effect of using this system?

Many of the depictions of human figures look very similar.

.The creation of sculpture also continued into the Neolithic period. These sculptures have been studied to better understand this time period. What is one thing that was TRUE about sculpture during the Neolithic period? checkCorrect

Many of the sculptures created during this time period used the human form in some way.

There are many reasons why the stone monuments that were created during the Neolithic period were remarkable. Which of these statements helps prove what a remarkable feat these monuments were?

Many of these large stones weighed up to several tons.

After studying different periods in ancient art, your classmate Deven notices that women are not recognized as artists during these periods. He does some research but realizes that some of the facts he found may not be correct and asks you for help. Which of his "facts" seems CORRECT?

Men's and women's roles in society throughout history influenced the participation and recognition of women in art.

Your classmate Alina has an assignment to present about a time period in art history. She is tired of studying the ancient Greeks and Romans and all of the people near the Mediterranean Sea. She asks you, "Didn't anyone else make any art during these periods?" You tell her that from around 300 to 900 CE, a number of groups, including people from present-day Germany, Scandinavia, and England, came into greater contact with the Roman Empire and produced art as well. She is very interested in learning more. What type of art would you suggest she research?

Migration Period art

Robert is an artist who designs houses. He is currently designing a home for a billionaire in Hollywood, California. Robert no longer enjoys his work, but he hopes that this job will pay enough that he can afford a new house for himself. After evaluating Robert's situation, what would you conclude is Robert's main motivation for creating art?

Money

Your friend Sophia is going to the Korean Peninsula for vacation this summer. She is really interested in megalith burial sites, but she is afraid there won't be any to see there. What would you tell her to help her gain knowledge about the megalith sites on the Korean Peninsula?

On the Korean peninsula, archaeologists estimate that around 35,000 megaliths can be found.

In medieval England, there was a type of embroidered art of fine needlework that often involved the use of gold and silver threads. What is the name for this type of artwork?

Opus Anglicanum

you've been given this piece of art to critique: Which statement would fit best in the analysis section of your critique?

The main part of the composition relies on one triangular shape.

You've been given this piece of art to critique: Which statement would fit best in the analysis section of your critique?

The main part of the composition relies on two triangle shapes.

You've been given this piece of art to critique: Which statement would fit best in the interpretation section of your critique?

The mood seems wistful and hopeful.

n the past, many artists worked under the system of patronage. What would you argue is the greatest benefit to an artist of working for a patron?

The patron allows artists to concentrate on creating artwork as their main occupation.

Your friend Kelly knows all about Egyptian history and art. She shares some information with you about Egyptian history and art. Which is MOST LIKELY something she shared about Egyptian art and history?

The pharaohs were believed to be divine, gods who had the power and authority to rule.

Compare portal and passage tombs. What is one thing these tombs have in common?

The purpose of both of them is still a mystery.

Your classmate Jaden is giving a presentation about Trajan's Column. He discusses the things he learned about the creation of this historical relief. What does he mention that is NOT correct about the creation of this artwork?

The sculptor wanted to create a narrative of a procession celebrating the conquest of Jerusalem by the Romans.

Your art teacher asks you to write an essay about how our perspectives on art today are likely to be different than the perspectives of an artist who lived hundreds or even thousands of years ago. You have to provide many details to support this claim. What is the best example you could include to show how perspectives are likely to be different?

The slavery of humans is viewed differently today than it was hundreds of years ago.

You've been given this piece of art to critique: Which statement would fit best in the evaluation section of your critique?

The subject matter is somewhat gruesome and troubling, even with the sense of hope that it offers.

Sunk relief was a common technique used in Egyptian sculpture. Why might this technique have been popular in Egypt?

The sunlight emphasized the form and outline of the relief.

Painting occurred in many areas of the Neolithic world. In China, artists painted pottery. What is one thing that was TRUE about the artwork in China during the Neolithic period?

Their paintings were decorated with lines, dots, and spirals.

Your classmate Katie is giving a presentation about Trajan's Column. She mentions many bits of information she found on the internet about this historical relief. What does she mention that is NOT correct about this type of artwork?

There is text along with the relief images.

While reading an article about ka statues, you question if all of the information is accurate. Which "fact" provided in the article is LEAST LIKELY to be correct about ka statues?

These statues' bodies generally face sideways.

You've been given this piece of art to critique: Which statement would fit best in the evaluation section of your critique?

This is one of my personal favorites because it makes me feel happiness and peace.

Art movements refer to changes in art style or particular ideas that define the work of a group of artists at a certain time.

True

The Palette of Narmer appears to have been created to mark the unification of Egypt.

True

Your friend Deven is an artist who desperately needs to make money from his work. His desire is to find businesses that need specific pieces of art and to create this artwork for them. When you analyze Deven's situation, what is Deven's best option?

to work for commission

For color, cave artists used ground minerals, such as yellow ochre and manganese.

true

For individuals who wish to work in an art-related career, critiquing art is an important skill.

true

Prehistoric art is art produced before writing.

true

While studying Egyptian art, your class has learned several terms. Unfortunately, they are all getting confused by your classmate Robert. You offer to help. You tell him all about small figurines that were placed in tombs to act as a substitute for the person in case they were called upon to do manual labor in the afterlife. What term would you teach Robert to help him identify these figurines?

ushabti

Your friend Allison plans to add white paint to her yellow paint to make the hue lighter. She hopes to suggest a source of natural light within the artwork, such as sunlight. When she does this, what specific aspect of color do you determine she will be changing?

value

Your classmate Jay wants to draw lines that give the impression of height and strength. Which type of line would you recommend to him to best articulate this impression in his drawing?

vertical

Take a look at this piece of art. Notice how this piece doesn't seem to have a function, but it can simply be enjoyed just by observing it with your eyes. How would you characterize this piece of art if you needed to place it in a specific area of a museum?

visual arts