Art Midterm

Vertical lines seem to be most suitable for portraying which of the following subject matter. A group portrait of the members of a Police Department calm, peaceful seascape Dancers performing an energetic dance A violent war time explosion

A group portrait of the members of a Police Department

Frederic Church's painting Niagara is a vehicle for expressing the artist's thoughts about ______. the expansion and development of America the beauty of the American landscape God's support for the country. all of the above none of the above

All of the Above

Hokusai is said to have used a live chicken's footprints in a painting that communicated ______. A) the artist's views on animal rights B) Correct the sensations of a fall day by the river C) the artist's views on Japanese politics D) Buddhist ideas about the meaning of life E) all of the above

B) the sensations of a fall day by the river

Shepard Fairey uses which of the following concepts as a strong component of his graphically painted images. subversive texture Geometric shapes contour lines Contrasting negative and positive shape

Contrasting negative and positive shape

An artist would probably use distorted scale if he or she wanted to create a lifelike scene that the viewer could relate to. T or F?

False

High relief projects out from the background fairly significantly where as facade relief is a kind of relief that only sticks out a tiny little bit. T or F?

False

If Alexander Calder's Untitled mobile was powered by a small motor, rather than air currents, it would not be an example of actual motion. T or F?

False

Photographers cannot be responsible for principles of scale or proportion in their photographs. T or F?

False

The elements of time and motion are not applicable to the art of photography. T or F?

False

The element of art that most effectively describes the solidity of form of the Olmec heads is the concept of volume. T or F?

False - Mass would be a more appropriate term to describe the solidity of form in the Olmec Heads.

Western artists since the Renaissance have usually considered ______ to be the highest forms of art. painting and ceramics painting and calligraphy sculpture and painting sculpture and furniture none of the above

Sculpture and painting

Frank Gehry's Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain, and Louise Bourgeois's sculpture Maman (spider-like form) exemplify many of the ideas of the 3-D chapter. Identify and discuss two elements or principles that seem relevant to either the architect's or sculptor's work depicted in the included image (previously viewed in the chapter)

The artworks created by Gehry and Burgeois are both very unique pieces of artwork that display many different elements of principles. To begin with, Gehry's museum consists of many different organic and geometric shapes. The museum is made of titanium and reflective, however, it is designed to look like a ship and lightweight/airy. In fact, the texture of the museum is another great big factor that plays into the effect they have on the viewer. I believe that this would create a subversive texture effect on the viewers since they would expect the museum to be soft/not solid to the touch - yet it is completely made of solid titanium. Moreover, Burgeois's sculpture is another artwork that implies similar elements of design. Burgeois created a giant spider that is made out of different lines and paneling to give it texture. The legs of the spider have bouyancy and tension, this gives viewers the effect that the spider is in constant motion - however, it is not. In addition to that, the sculpture also uses open volume, geometric, and organic shapes to give viewers a sense of texture. Both of the artists use texture and geometric/organic shapes as principles in their artwork which allowed them to create sculptures that came off as subversive to the viewers.

What emotional and psychological responses are typical to someone who is exposed to red or red light for extended periods? They want to sleep. They become aggressive. They want to eat. They feel calm and rested.

They become aggressive. They want to eat.

Implied lines can be created with dots, dashes or even letters lined up in a row to give the impression of continuous lines. T or F?

True

In order to create value in his drawing Head of a Satyr, Michelangelo used both hatching and ________, a variation where the lines overlap, allowing for the depiction of darker tones. a. cross-hatching b. chiaroscuro c. atmospheric perspective d. highlight e. perspective

a. cross-hatching

This inventor co-created the film Fred Ott's Sneeze, which was one of the first American movies. a. Thomas Edison b. Robert Fulton c. William Faulkner d. Albert Einstein e. Alexander Graham Bell

a. Thomas Edison

________ volume is a space that is enclosed by materials that are not entirely solid. a. an open b. an actual c. a closed d. a subversive e. an implied

a. an open

Joseph Cornell created boxes that contain compositions of ________ objects. a. found b. round c. dead d. green e. square

a. found

It is still not fully understood how the ancient Egyptians created such huge feats of engineering. The ________ form of the pyramids contrasts with the surrounding organic landscape, and shows the Egyptians' power and control over the natural world around them. a. geometric b. natural c. implied d. cubic e. small

a. geometric

The process of using a series of parallel lines set close to one another to differentiate planes of value in a work of art is called ________. a. hatching b. palette c. core shadow d. highlight e. perspective

a. hatching

If vertical lines communicate strength, horizontals calm, and diagonals action, then a vacation resort might want to choose a logo consisting of ________ lines in order to show peaceful repose. a. horizontal b. chaotic c. scribbled d. vertical e. diagonal

a. horizontal

This is the system for creating an illusion of depth using three basic components: horizon line, vanishing point, and convergence lines. a. linear perspective b. palette c. atmospheric perspective d. highlight e. chiaroscuro

a. linear perspective

Tibetan Buddhist monks create colored sand images with a radial design. This representation of the universe is called a ________. a. mandala b. rotunda c. prayer wheel d. prayer flag e. lotus

a. mandala

A Summer Shower by the British artist Edith Hayllar employs linear perspective to create depth. The painting contains imaginary sightlines that converge toward a single vanishing point. These lines are also called ________ a. orthogonals b. highlights c. chiaroscuro d. palettes e. hatched lines

a. orthogonals

This object can be used to separate white light into the colors of the spectrum. a. prism b. color wheel c. microscope d. electromagnet e. color chart

a. prism

If a figure in an artwork has drapery billowing out behind it, and appears to have multiple feet in different positions, the viewer might assume that this figure is ________. a. running forwards b. skipping backwards c. standing still d. slowly stepping to the side e. none of the other answers

a. running forwards

When ________ colors are mixed, they make a duller and darker color because more of the visible spectrum is absorbed. a. subtractive b. additive c. optical d. grayscale e. warm

a. subtractive

By using ________ texture to contradict previous tactile experience, artists can invite viewers to reconsider the world around them. a. subversive b. smooth c. familiar d. expected e. rough

a. subversive

Art is sometimes censored by the authorities because: it offends people's religious beliefs its sexual content seems pornographic it carries a political message that worries the authorities its moral values seem improper all of the above

all of the above

Line can be use for which of the following? create surface quality suggest direction describe boundaries imply movement all of the above

all of the above

Line can define space by _____________. creating texture indicating the edge of a 2-d shape or 3-d form creating value all of the above

all of the above

The medieval Arabic scholar Alhazen used a camera obscura, a device that later helped artists to understand the basic tenets of linear perspective. Camera obscura is a Latin phrase. What is the closest English translation? a. celestial cylinder b. dark room c. pastry dish d. glass box e. strange camera

b. dark room

Advertisers often use this color to reach their audience because it is the most visible in the spectrum. a. burnt red b. lime yellow c. baby blue d. pale violet e. burnt orange

b. lime yellow

The sphere that designer Saul Bass created for the AT&T logo is not defined by a continuous boundary. This type of shape, which can be suggested by dots or lines that do not connect, is termed ________ shape. a. a geometric b. an implied c. an organic d. a negative e. a regular

b. an implied

Disney's Finding Nemo is an example of a series of computer-generated images played in rapid session. This medium is called ________. a. zoetrope b. animation c. painting d. kinetic sculpture e. film noir

b. animation

If an artist painted a street scene with one large building on the left-hand side, and two smaller buildings on the right-hand side, this would be an example of ________ balance. a. radial b. asymmetrical c. symmetrical d. unpredictable e. all of these answers

b. asymmetrical

When objects are far away they lack contrast, detail, and sharpness of focus because of the interference of air. Artists take advantage of this when they use the process called: a. highlight b. atmospheric perspective c. cross-hatching d. isometric perspective e. chiaroscuro

b. atmospheric perspective

This method of applying value to a two-dimensional artwork in order to create the illusion of three-dimensional solid form is called ________. a. palette b. chiaroscuro c. value range d. film noir e. perspective

b. chiaroscuro

The chiaroscuro method uses five defined values: cast shadow, reflected light, core shadow, light, and ________. a. palette b. highlight c. film noir d. plane e. scale

b. highlight

A color that is lighter than its basic hue is known as a tint. A color that is darker than its basic hue is called a ________. a. monochrome b. shade c. tint d. shadow e. neutral

b. shade

The kind of motion that is created by showing a series of static images in quick succession is called ________. a. artificial motion b. stroboscopic motion c. illusion of motion d. actual motion e. implied motion

b. stroboscopic motion

________ balance is achieved when both sides of a composition look exactly the same. a. unified b. symmetrical c. varied d. gestalt e. asymmetrical

b. symmetrical

When an artist creates a work that deceives our eyes into believing there is motion as time passes, this is called ________. a. performance art b. the illusion of motion c. actual motion d. implied motion e. stroboscopic motion

b. the illusion of motion

Hatching and cross-hatching use two-dimensional lines to communicate ________ depth. a. actual b. three-dimensional c. unexpected d. colorful e. textural

b. three-dimensional

Because a form exists in "real" space we can experience it not only visually, but also through the sense of ________. a. humor b. touch c. balance d. mood e. hearing

b. touch

Which color combination is analogous yellow, red & blue blue, blue-green and green red and green green & orange

blue, blue-green and green

The ancient Greeks designed the Parthenon according to the idealized rules of proportion for the human body, creating ________ design. a. a disjointed b. a Fibonacci c. a harmonious d. an Egyptian-style e. a small-scale

c. a harmonious

Romare Bearden's work The Dove uses an underlying ________ reflecting the city streets to create a sense of order. a. color b. triangle c. grid d. dark value e. texture

c. grid

The three kinds of unity are: a. radial, conceptual, gestalt b. asymmetrical, symmetrical, radial c. compositional, conceptual, gestalt d. radial, proportional, volumetric e. compositional, symmetrical, gestalt

c. compositional, conceptual, gestalt

Disparate visual elements can be linked together with a common idea. This is ________ unity. a. compositional b. virtual c. conceptual d. actual e. symbolic

c. conceptual

Artists can create a sense of ________ by using light and dark values. a. humor b. height c. depth d. tension e. fear

c. depth

These four visual elements of art—form, volume, mass, and texture—are present in ________ works of art. a. balanced b. modern c. three-dimensional d. two-dimensional e. large

c. three-dimensional

The element of art that describes the relative lightness or darkness of a hue, compared to another hue, is known as ________. a. form b. saturation c. value d. contrast e. intensity

c. value

One-point perspective does convey depth, but it has limited applications due to its reliance on a single ________. a. volume b. shape c. vanishing point d. color e. medium

c. vanishing point

Traditionally, artists in China learned their craft by ______. copying the work of a great master attending a school or academy that taught artistic technique practicing painting in the open air without a teacher producing still life drawings that were sold to local people traveling to Beijing and looking at art in museums and galleries

copying the work of a great master

The computer simulation game Transistor (screen shot below) uses ________ perspective. a. two-point b. one-point c. atmospheric d. isometric e. multi-point

d. isometric

An empty space defined by its surround is known as ________ shape. a. an actual b. an implied c. an organic d. a negative e. a geometric

d. a negative

When we touch an object we experience a tactile sensation that artists refer to as ________ texture. a. implied b. organic c. mass d. actual e. subversive

d. actual

This type of relief, which takes its name from the French word for low, does not imply great depth. a. actual relief b. a frieze c. a plane d. bas-relief e. area relief

d. bas-relief

The German word that refers to something in which the whole seems greater than the sum of its parts is ________. a. gegen b. bruder c. alter d. gestalt e. klein

d. gestalt

The term used for referring to the basic colors of the spectrum is ________. a. secondary b. analogous c. optical color d. hue e. complementary

d. hue

Variety can ________ a design. a. regulate b. fuse c. order d. invigorate e. connect

d. invigorate

A sculpture designed in the round can be viewed from ________. a. the interior b. above only c. the front and back only d. nearly every angle e. one direction

d. nearly every angle

If you were to design an eye-catching poster using only two colors, the combination that would most stand out to passersby would be ________. a. orange and red b. yellow and orange c. blue and green d. red and green e. green and yellow

d. red and green

The traditional primary colors are ________. a. green and yellow b. green, orange, violet c. blue, green, yellow d. red, yellow, blue e. red and blue

d. red, yellow, blue

The Italian Futurist artist Giacomo Balla illustrated the rapid movement of a dog running on a leash by painting a series of ________ in order to give the impression that we are seeing motion as it happens. a. dark shadows b. many dogs c. geometric shapes d. repeating marks e. colorful dots

d. repeating marks

Detective movies of the 1940s were filmed in such dark tones they were referred to as film noir. Filmmakers chose these dark values to enhance the ________ mood of the movies. a. light-hearted b. humorous c. romantic d. serious e. playful

d. serious

Color ________ can be relative to the other colors nearby. For example, violet can be warm if we see it next to a hot color like red, or cool if we see it next to a colder color like blue. a. personality b. harmony c. tint d. temperature e. value

d. temperature

Compositional unity strikes an interesting balance between the monotony of too much similarity, and the chaos of too much ________ in a work of art. a. yellow b. emphasis c. texture d. variety e. movement

d. variety

When complementary colors are used next to each other in a composition, they produce a visual anomaly called simultaneous contrast. This visual effect makes the colors appear to ________ along the boundary where the two colors meet. a. disappear b. lighten c. neutralize d. vibrate e. darken

d. vibrate

The French artist Pierre-Paul Prud'hon created chiaroscuro by using ________ chalk on paper. a. black and blue b. red and green c. blue and silver d. blue and gray e. black and white

e. black and white

To imply greater depth, the sculptor who created the relief carvings on the outside of the Ara Pacis Augustae (Altar of Augustan Peace) carved the figures in the ________ more deeply than those that are in the background, in order to make them stand out more. a. fresco b. round c. drapery d. south e. foreground

e. foreground

The French artist Georges Seurat employed a new technique to create a jewel-like diffusion of light and vibration of color in his work The Circus. This type of painting, made up of small dots of color, is known as ________. a. Fauvism b. Luminism c. Pop art d. Impressionism e. pointillism

e. pointillism

One method used to establish depth in Hokusai's The Great Wave off Shore at Kanagawa (below) involves placing shapes higher or lower on the page. This process for creating depth is called ________. a. overlapping b. isometric perspective c. linear perspective d. size comparison e. relative position

e. relative position

Most commercial color printing is achieved using four separate colors, represented by the matrix ________. a. RYBG b. YGB c. RGB d. OGP e. CMYK

e. CMYK

When using a series of squares that are exactly the same shape, implied depth can be achieved by ________. a. alternating value b. relative size c. overlapping d. relative position e. all of these answers

e. all of these answers

Colors that do not contrast strongly with each other, and which are similar in wavelength, are ________ colors. a. complementary b. grayscale c. neutral d. primary e. analogous

e. analogous

________ balance is achieved when two halves of a composition are not mirror images of each other. a. varied b. symmetrical c. radial d. unified e. asymmetrical

e. asymmetrical

Creating visual weight and counterweight is part of an artist's use of the element of ________ in creating a work of art. a. proportion b. unity c. variety d. rhythm e. balance

e. balance

An artist can use color to indicate depth. When a color is very pure and intense then it seems to be ________. a. darker b. lighter c. flatter d. further e. closer

e. closer

This is the most vivid element of art and design. a. mass b. value c. line d. shape e. color

e. color

Colors that are on opposite sides of the color wheel are radically different in wavelength and are called ________. a. analogous colors b. hues c. tints d. neutrals e. complementary colors

e. complementary colors

If an artist were to draw a figure whose arm was pointing directly toward the viewer, what technique would the artist have to use when drawing the outstretched arm? a. surrealism b. highlight c. cross-hatching d. chiaroscuro e. foreshortening

e. foreshortening

A two-dimensional object is called a shape, and a three-dimensional object is known as a ________. a. pyramid b. cube c. relief d. building e. form

e. form

Forms such as pyramids, which tend to be precise and regular, are known as ________ forms. a. implied b. organic c. actual d. textured e. geometric

e. geometric

This system, which derives its name from the Greek meaning "equal measure," uses diagonal parallel lines to communicate depth. a. multi-point perspective b. chiaroscuro c. relative position d. linear perspective e. isometric perspective

e. isometric perspective

A color that is almost gray has a ________ saturation. a. monochrome b. valuable c. high d. medium e. low

e. low

________ balance is achieved when all elements in a work of art are equidistant from a central point and repeat in a symmetrical way from side to side and top to bottom. a. symmetrical b. asymmetrical c. unified d. varied e. radial

e. radial

A three-dimensional surface that is designed to be viewed from only one direction is known as a ________. a. texture b. mass c. form in the round d. volume e. relief

e. relief

Traditional visual arts, such as painting, are inherently static, but artists have always found inventive ways of conveying the elements of ________ and ________. a. red . . . yellow b. speed . . . excitement c. fast . . . slow d. rhythm . . . music e. time . . . motion f. height . . . width

e. time . . . motion

What element describes the imposition of order and harmony on a design? a. balance b. proportion c. variety d. rhythm e. unity

e. unity

The lightness or darkness of a surface is the element of art called ________. a. line b. color c. space d. shape e. value

e. value

The element of art that defines the amount of space occupied by an object is ________. a. form b. texture c. geometry d. mass e. volume

e. volume

The artist Ai Weiwei was censored in China because: he offended most of the Chinese people. he helped design the Beijing Olympic Stadium in 2008. he created an artwork based on the destruction of a school during an earthquake in China because of shoddy construction. he created a depiction of his imprisonment called S.A.C.R.E.D. in 2011-2013. his work was seen as "too personal."

he created an artwork based on the destruction of a school during an earthquake in China because of shoddy construction.

Which of the listed concepts seems most suitable for creating a calm, restful or placid quality? subversive texture positive shapes diagonal lines horizontal lines

horizontal lines

Stolen art loses much of its value because ______ art is only valuable if the public can come to see it the thieves are likely to damage the artwork lacking good title and proper provenance prevents its resale reputable auction houses will pay only 10% of the market value the Mafia are not art experts and do not understand its true value

lacking good title and proper provenance prevents its resale

During his lifetime, Vincent van Gogh ______. opened a museum in his native Netherlands sold a single painting for millions of dollars produced more than 10,000 paintings, drawings, and watercolors practiced as an artist for only ten years all of the above

practiced as an artist for only ten years

The term Formal Analysis can refer to all of the following except: the color and shape in a work of art. patterns in an artwork. the size of a work of art. the arrangement of visual elements. the ownership history of an artwork.

the ownership history of an artwork.

African masks displayed in museums were originally made ______. to be worn during elaborate tea-drinking ceremonies to be exchanged as gifts with people from other communities to be displayed as beautiful, finely crafted museum objects for sale to European travelers

to be worn during spiritual or magic ceremonies

What element of art is most appropriate for describing the empty space within an interior of an architectural form. positive space contrast shape volume

volume