Art studybook 12

Look at this image. This Ardabil carpet from 16th-century Persia was labor-intensive because it used the ______ technique, in which segments of wool were tied to a woven ground.

knotting

When did artists working in traditional "craft" media begin to claim their place in the fine arts world?

1960s

What was the 19th-century movement that promoted the handmade object and held exhibitions of pottery, textiles, and woodworking?

Arts and Crafts movement

Look at this image. True or false: This bowl is representative of olumeye bowls in Yoruba culture more generally.

False

True or false: All cultures make finite distinctions made between art and craft.

False

Which substance is made from silica, or sand, which can be heated, shaped, cooled, and reheated?

Glass

Look at this image. How can you tell pomegranate juice was held in this ancient Egyptian glass vessel?

Glass was a luxury item, and pomegranate juice was symbolically important.

What historical event threatened the future of handmade craft objects?

Industrial Revolution

What culture is best known for focusing a great deal of aesthetic attention on the production of carpets and rugs?

Islamic

For what reasons have artists and patrons adopted ivory as a material?

It is a luxury material. Ivory is a resilient material. It is a easy carve intricate designs in ivory.

Why do artists using lacquer need to exercise great patience?

Lacquer requires many layers to make a solid coat.

In what ways does being hollow help a ceramic object?

Most ceramics are meant to hold things. It is hard to fire solid clay, which might explode in the kiln.

What is fiber?

Pliable, threadlike strand

Look at this image. Of what is this Chinese bowl made?

Porcelain

What does the coiling technique involve?

Rope-like strands of clay that are joined together

Look at this image. European cathedrals built during the 12th and 13th centuries are famous for their glass, an example of which can be seen in this image of the rose window and lancets in France's Chartres Cathedral.

Stained.

Look at this image. What do we know about this late 15th or early 16th century ivory vessel?

Textile

Look at this image. What characteristics does this royal tunic tell us about the society in which it was produced?

Textiles were considered a form of wealth When the king wore this elaborate tunic he was visually signifying his place in society. Textiles were very important to the ancient Incas

Which types of artwork does decorative arts describe?

Textiles, ceramics, and metalwork

What is one task of a designer?

To translate technological advances into aesthetically pleasing objects

True or false: If we no longer know the original context in which an object was created, we can still appreciate it as a work of art.

True

According to Gustav Stickley, in industrial design, the role of a(n) is to design an object that can be made by industrial methods.

artist

The technique of melting metal to a liquid state and pouring it into a mold is called ______.

casting

Look at this image. This aquamanile, which holds water for priests to wash their hands, can trace its roots back to which region?

Iran

True or false: Scientists in the 19th and 20th centuries dug up graves, disturbed sacred sites and human remains in pursuit of their research into indigenous cultures.

True

Look at this image. How was the Chinese lacquer snuff bottle carved?

In high relief

Look at this image. How was this Chinese jade basin carved?

In high relief

This ivory vessel from Sierra Leone combines ________ and _________ forms and imagery.

Blank 1: African Blank 2: European

To shape a hollow glass vessel, an artist can dip a long metal tube into molten glass, and then do what?

Blow air into the tube to create a bubble in the glass.

Which metals may be forged cold?

Gold

Look at this image. Of what materials is this Japanese writing box made?

Gold Mother-of-pearl Red lacquer

Look at this image. What about this bracelet indicates that it was made for a wealthy individual?

Gold is an expensive material. It contains emeralds, sapphires and pearls. It has an elaborate design.

Look at this image. What aspects does this Library Table constructed in Gustav Stickley's Craftsman Workshop show?

It has simple, straightforward lines. It is an example of "democratic art."

Look at this image. What aspects does Merete Rasmussen's Twisted Red Form show?

It is a non-representational sculptural form. It is made using the coiling technique.

What were the results of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990?

It prohibited the digging up of native graves and sacred sites. It required the return of sacred objects collected in the past.

For the ancient Olmecs, what was jade?

It represented plant life and rainwater.

Which of the following is true of the ivory trade?

It severely impacted the world's elephant population. It was a global network that once moved ivory around the globe.

Look at this image. Which was an innovation of the ancient Egyptian Chair of Hetepheres?

It was portable with armrests.

Look at this image. What do we know about this piece made by Pueblo potter María Martínez?

The color scheme is due to the firing process. It is made through coiling.

Which material is derived from the teeth of large mammals?

ivory

Because ______ is renewable, available, and easily carved, almost all civilizations, old and new, have made objects from it.

wood