Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction

Sex Cell

Also known as gametes, sperm and egg that combine to form a zygote

Compare/Contrast Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

Asexual and sexual reproduction both are forms of forming new offspring of that species. Asexual reproduction needs only one organism in order to reproduce more offspring that are identical to each other and the parent. Sexual reproduction involves a male and female cell combining to form offspring that are genetically unique to each other parents.

Diploid

Cells that have pairs of chromosomes

Fertilization

Combination of egg and sperm cell. Next process after meiosis in order to form offspring sexually.

Examples of Sexual Reproduction

Dogs, Flowers, Birds, Spiders, Snakes, Trees

Sperm

Male sex cell formed in the testi

Meiosis vs. Mitosis

Meiosis and Mitosis both form new cells. Mitosis is used for repair and growth forming identical cells while meiosis is used to form sex cells that are unique to each other. Meiosis involves Interphase P1M1A1T1, P2M2A2T2. Mitosis involves Interphase PMAT and cytokinesis.

Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction

Offspring are identical, no genetic variation to give an organism a better chance for survival

Asexual Reproduction

One parent organism produces offspring without fertilization Forms offspring that are genetically and physically identical

Examples of Asexual Reproduction

Tapeworm, Cactus, Yeast, Hydra

Disadvantage of Sexual Reproduction

Time and energy- time to grow and develop to age of reproduction, find a mate, time during pregnancy where animals cannot reproduce

Budding

Type of asexual reproduction A new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent Ex.) Yeast, Hydra, cactus

Haploid

Cells that have only one chromosome

Egg

Female sex cell formed in the ovary

Advantages of Sexual Reproduction

Diverse offspring - genetic variation among offspring Selective breeding- Used to develop many types of plants and animals that have desirable traits

Advantages of Asexual Reproduction

Enables organisms to reproduce without a mate No wasted time and energy Enables organisms to rapidly reproduce a large number of uniform offspring

Nucleus

Organelle in the cell that hold the genetic material within the cell (eukaryotic cells only)

Fission

Type of asexual reproduction Cell division in prokaryotes that forms two genetically identical cells Ex.) Bacteria, Ecoli, Pond critters

Regeneration

Type of asexual reproduction Occurs when an offspring grows from a piece of its parent Produce new organisms (Sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sponges) or new body parts (Newts, tadpoles, crabs, hydra)

Vegetative Propagation

Type of asexual reproduction Uniform offspring grown from a part of a parent plant Ex.) Strawberries, potatoes, ivy, crabgrass