ASL 1 Study Guide
if you were Deaf and met a new Deaf person, which question might they most likely ask you within the first five minutes of conversation?
"Where did you go to school to learn ASL?"
What is the difference between the sign for "kindergarten" and the sign for "elementary"?
"kindergarten"uses a "k" letter and "elementary" uses an "e" letter
how are the signs for "mother" and "grandmother" similar?
they both start with the thumb placed on the chin
if you are crossing your fingers in the hope that something desireable will happen, which letter of the American Manual alphabet are you making?
R
martha's Vineyard Sign language
a village sign language practice in a small community a Martha's Vineyard Island where a hereditary form of deafness was common
American Sign Language (ASL)
a visual language used by Deaf people in the U.S. and parts of Canada that uses handshapes, movement, and facial expressions to convey meaning
unmarked handshapes
also called natural handshapes, the seven basic shapes that are formed most commonly across all manual languages world-wide
location
in a sign, the specific location of the hands in relation to the signer's body
Why did Benedictine monks take vows of silence?
to honor God
In the 1850s, Congress considered setting aside a Western state where Deaf people could live together and away from the prejudice of hearing society?
true
the sign for "separated" starts with hands touching at the knuckles
true
common-law
a partner in a marriage by common-law, or by mutual agreement agreement and not by a civil or religious ceremony
sign language
a system of communication using visual gestures and sign
home signing would most likely be used in which of the following situations?
among Deaf family members who all live on a isolated island
sign
an action that conveys meaning
which letter in the American Manual Alphabet least resembles what the letter looks like when written on paper?
b
non-verbal cues
communication through facial expression, body movement, position, how close you are, touch, and how you appear
profound deafness
condition where someone cannot perceive any sound with their ears
in the hearing world, what is the equivalent of touching another person's hands when having an ASL conversation in the Deaf community?
covering a person's mouth while they are speaking
Which term is considered deragatory?
deaf-mute
infectious disease
diseases caused by an organism entering the body and multiplying
when learning asl, what is taught first?
english alphabet
ASL has its own full written language separate from English
false
Common-law marriage involves a religious ceremony.
false
Most Deaf children are born into Deaf families
false
Most Deaf people have no functional use of their vocal cords at all
false
When you go to a deaf event in the deaf community, it is considered acceptable to speak and sign if you can do both.
false
all Americans share the same culture, regardless of region, state, beliefs, behaviors and traditions
false
every word in the English language has a corresponding sign in ASL
false
if you are interacting with a Deaf person and do not understand something that is being said, you should ask the interpreter, not the Deaf person themselves, as this will save time which is very important in the Deaf community.
false
most Deaf people prefer to be referred to as "Hard of Hearing" rather than "Deaf"
false
signs that are signed at different locations can sometimes mean the same thing, depending on other elements of the sign
false
to avoid confusion from the listener, all ASL speakers learn to sign with their right hand, no matter which is their dominant hand
false
Anna is a new ASL teacher at an elementary school, and this week she is focusing on teaching her students how to use letter signs to spell out words in sign language. What skill is Anna helping her students build?
fingerspelling
what motion is performed while signing numbers 16, 17, 18, and 19?
flicking or twisting your wrist back and forth
ASL stemmed from combining which two dialects of signs
french signs and signs that were already used in villages in the united states
if you take the sign for "h" and bring your middle finger back in so it is not extended outward, which letter sign have you just created?
g
linguistic minority
group of people who communicate in a different language from the majority of people around them
what development in the history of sign language happened after Dr. Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet studied methods for teaching the Deaf?
he and Dr. mason cogswell founded a school for the deaf
what term refers to a form of communication developed by a Deaf person who has no access to learning a sign language
home sign
you are practicing signing a particular word that is signed by forming both hands into "arches" that touch at the knuckles and "rolling" the arches forward until they are upside down. What is this word?
how
This week, your teacher has been speaking about Deaf culture and communication and has been focusing on eavesdropping in the Deaf community. which of the following points likely came up during the discussion?
in spoken english, someone may know you are eavesdropping if they see you listening to their conversation, but in the deaf community someone may know you are eavesdropping if you are looking in their direction while they are in an ASL conversation
in the course of a conversation with your Deaf friend adam, his sign language interpreter acted outside of his professional boundaries when he tried to clarify what adam was saying by adding his own opinion when he spoke in English to you.
true
lowered eyebrows and a slight shoulder shrug of the shoulders will indicate that you are asking a question in ASL
true
oral deaf
people with hearing loss or deafness who communicate predominately by verbal/auditory and/or by lipreading
Library and librarian both use the same sign; however, librarian adds what sign at the end?
person
when modeling the sign for "daughter", what is the first thing you should do?
place your hand with all fingers extended (like a "salute" gesture) at the corner of your mouth
wh- questions
questions that has a word staring with 'wh' in it and require more than a yes/no answer
hard of hearing
refers to a person who has mild to moderate hearing loss who may communicate through sign language, spoken language, or both
eavesdropping
secretly listen to a conversation
which of the following is an example of fingerspelling?
signing the letters A-P-P-L-E when talking about an apple
late-deafened
someone who has hearing loss that develops later in life
which of the following two ASL signs incorporate the same letter into their sign?
sorry and aunt
sign language interpreters
specially trained individuals who can convey information between Deaf or Hard of Hearing people and hearing people who do not sign
In what way is speechreading different from sign language?
speechreading teaches students to watch a speaker's lips, facial expressions, and gestures to understand speech
cochlear implant
surgically implanted electronic device that can give a sense of sound to some people with hearing loss
personification
taking a verb or noun in ASL and add the "person ending" to make it a word to describe a person
which of the following is NOT considered rude in Deaf culture?
tapping on the shoulder of a person when trying to get their attention
What did gallaudet university's football team establish that is now an integral part of a football game?
the "huddle" formation
methods debate
the argument between proponents of oralism and manualism in deaf education
movement
the distinctive actions of the hands that form words
how do the signs for the numbers 1-5 differ from the signs for 6-10?
the signs for 1-5 are made with palm facing inward, while the signs for 6-10 are made with the palm facing outward
what does the term "deaf culture" refer to?
the social beliefs, traditional arts, history, and recreation that occurs among people who are brought together by sign language and influenced by deafness
which of the following does "handshape" refer to?
the specific position of your hand and fingers used in producing a sign in a sign language
ethnicity
the state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition
topic
the subject of a sentence; often first in an ASL sentence
speechreading
the technique of watching a speaker's lips, facial expressions, and gestures to understand speech
why did martha's vineyard sign language develop?
there was a hereditary form of deafness in the community
What do the signs for "in-law", "nephew", and "divorced" have in common?
they all incorporate a letter shape into the sign somehow
what is similar about the signs for office and classroom?
they both describe the walls of a room
Why might someone who became deaf later in life be less likely to identify with the Deaf community?
they initially developed their language skills in a spoken language rather than a signed language
modulate
to vary in tone, strength, pitch or other quality of sound.
ASL relies heavily on non-verbal cues
true
if you have not yet learned the sign for a particular word or concept, you can still communicate that word by fingerspelling it
true
the order of signed words typically plus emphasis on the topic (or subject of the sentence) and is usually signed first
true
the signs for the words "chat" and "fine" both use the "5" handshape
true
the term "deaf" (or "Deaf") can be used both as a condition and as a proper noun
true
the term "deaf" (or "deaf") can be used as a condition and as a proper noun
true
Lipreading
understanding speech by watching the movements of the mouth
deragatory
unflattering, unkind, and disrespectful
your ASL teacher has brought in a specific guest from Australia to talk about cross-cultural sign language and the elements that various sign languages around the globe have in common. Your guest speaker is demonstrating various handshapes like A, B, and 1 and is explaining that these shapes are common among various sign languages around the world. What concept is she demonstrating?
unmarked handshapes
Manualism
use of sign language to educate the Deaf
Fingerspelling
using letter signs to spell out a word in sign language
you are taking a public speaking class and have just received feedback on your midterm speech presentation. Your teacher suggested that in order to make your speech more impactful, you may want to modulate your speech more. What is she asking you to do?
vary the tone, strength, and pitch of your vocal sounds
if you take sign for "v" and extend your ring/fourth finger up, which letter sign have you just created?
w
orientation
what direction your palm is facing in a sign
in ASL, we often use facial expressions in addition to hand signs in order to convey meaning. This is especially true when asking questions. How do you distinguish between asking a yes/no question and a "wh- question" (who, what when where)?
what you do with your eyebrows and how your head is tilted is different when asking yes/no questions than when asking "wh -questions"
your teacher has noticed that you are really interested in ASL and Deaf culture and has asked you to speak to her other class about interacting with Deaf people before a Deaf guest comes to visit them. Which of the following is a true statement about communicating with Deaf people that you will include in your presentation?
when you go to a Deaf event in the Deaf community, it is considered rude to speak if you know how to sign
the signs for the numbers 6-9 are identical except for which detail?
which finger is touching the thumb
which "color" sign does not use a letter from the manual alphabet
white
What is an acceptable way to get a Deaf person's attention in the Deaf community without touching them
with a little wave
which of the following describes the correct way to sign the number 7?
with palm facing outward, extend all fingers and then touch the tips of your ring/fourth finger and thumb together
which of the following describes the correct way to sign the number 9?
with palm facing outward, extend and then touch the tips of your pointer finger and thumn together
British Sign Language (BSL)
the form of sign language used in britain that uses hand movements, gestures, body language, and facial expressions to communicate
Although people sometimes fingerspell the word "gray", the sign actually comes from what idea?
the idea of a mixture of black and white
American Manual Alphabet
the letters of the English alphabet represented by hand signs, as used in ASL
marked handshapes
the more intricate, specific, and less commonly used handshapes
what two states were integral in the origins of American sign language?
Connecticut and Massachusetts
which letter(s) is/are used when signing the word "divorced"?
D
Deaf Community
Deaf and Hard of Hearing individuals, as well as their family members, and people who work with them, who share a common language, common values, and experiences, and ways of interacting
where did Dr. Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet travel to study methods for teaching the Deaf
Europe
Heather Whitestone was the first Deaf actress to win an Academy Award
False
which handshape is the basis for the word "in-law"?
L
Deaf culture
The set of social beliefs, behaviors, art, literary traditions, history, values, and shared institutions of communities that are influenced by deafness and which use sign languages as the main means of communication.
proper noun
a capitalized word that names a particular person, place, or thing
manual deaf
a deaf person who predominately uses sign language to communicate; sometimes called signing deaf
negation
a denial or obscence of something
proper adjection
a descriptive word derived from a proper noun
home sign
a form of communication developed by Deaf person who has no access to learning a sign language
non-manual expression
a gesture in ASL by any other part of the body than the hands including facial expressions, head tilt an nod, direction the signer is facing, and mouth shape
What did the conflict between L'Epee's and Heinicke's respective methods for teaching the Deaf ultimately create?
a method debate in Deaf education
this week your teacher has been speaking about Deaf culture and communication and has been focusing on eavesdropping in the Deaf community. Which of the following points likely came up during this discussion?
in spoken english, someone may know you are eavesdropping when they see you listening to their conversation, but in the Deaf community someone may know you are eavesdropping if you are looking in their direction while the are in an ASL conversation
Deaf person
individuals with very little or no functional hearing and who often use sign language to communicate
which of the following examples illustrates how communicating using sign language compares with communicating using spoken English?
it is considered rude to watch two people who are having a conversation in ASL, while it is somewhat more appropriate to glance at two people who are having a conversation in spoken english
which is true about the sign for "single/alone"?
it is made using the number 1
what is another way to think of the signs for son and daughter?
male baby and female baby
what term refers to a visual language used by Deaf people in the United States and parts of canada that uses handshape, movement, and facial expression to convey meaning?
manualism
what term refers to the use of sign language to educate the Deaf
manualism
which of the following is true about the difference between marked handshapes and unmarked handshapes?
marked handshapes are more specific than unmarked handshapes
which sign is made by forming the first letter of the word with each hand and then crossing hands?
math
oralism
method of teaching the Deaf by learning to understand and produce spoken language
what initially helped ASL spread as a new language?
more schools for Deaf children were opened in the US
you are practicing your ASL with your friend and she is signing the word "orange". She has formed her hand into the "c" handshape and placed it near her mouth, but she can't remember what to do after that. What should she do next?
move her hand into an "s" handshape
lately, you have noticed some repetitive stress in your wrist. which sign is most likely the cause of that stress and pain?
nervous
the signs for "understand" and "don't understand" use the same movement, orientation, handshape, and location. To distinguish between the two, what expression should you use to indicate the difference?
nod for "understand" and shake your head for "don't understand"
passive hand
non-dominant hand that acts in a supportive role
genetic
passed down through genes in families; hereditary
