Astro final

The star Drogo is 10 parsecs away from Earth its apparent magnitude is +2.4. What is the Drogo's likely absolute magnitude? +2.4 +3.0 +4.8 - 2.4 - 4.8

+2.4

Eta Carina is a massive star that is 10,000 ly away. Suppose that the star exploded in a violent supernova in the year 2,000 BCE. How long would it be (from today) that we would see the explosion? Reminder: BCE = Before Christian (or Common) Era We have already seen it. 2,000 years 4,000 years 6,000 years 8,000 years

6,000 years. 2,000 BCE is 4,000 years ago. That means the light has been traveling for 4,000 years. It still has 6,000 ly to go before reaching Earth. So we need to wait 6,000 more years.

~ MBHs are at the centers of (answer) of ALL galaxies in the universe ~Standard BHs have masses up to ~SMBHs have masses of (answer) times the mass of the Sun ~Standard BHs form when very massive stars undergo a (answera) when they die

98% ~30 Msun millions to BILLIONS supernova explosion

What will be the final end state of the Sun? A Supernova A Neutron Star A Black Hole A White Dwarf

A White Dwarf

Which of the following would the largest redshift be observed from an object? A galaxy moving towards Earth at 250 km/s A star moving away from Earth at 100 km/s A star moving perpendicular to your line of site at 300 km/s A star moving towards Earth at 150 km/s A galaxy moving away from Earth at 200 km/s

A galaxy moving away from Earth at 200 km/s

Imagine that you are the head of a funding agency that can afford to build only one telescope. Which of the four proposed telescopes below would be best to support? An Radio telescope in orbit above the Earth An x-ray telescope located on a mountain in Peru An ultraviolet telescope located in the Mojave desert A gamma ray telescope in orbit above the Earth

A gamma ray telescope in orbit above the Earth

During the beginning of star formation, the force that dominates the collapse of gas and dust in the GMC is electromagnetic electrostatic. fusion. friction. gravity. magnetic.

gravity.

Energy is released from atoms in the form of light when electrons.. move in their orbit around the nucleus. move from high energy levels to low energy levels. move from low energy levels to high energy levels. are emitted by the atom. are absorbed by atoms.

move from high energy levels to low energy levels.

The quantity of an element in a star is determined from... the amount of shift in the spectral lines. the pattern of spectral lines in its spectrum. the depth of spectral lines in the spectrum. the width of the spectral lines in the spectrum.

the depth of spectral lines in the spectrum.

When an astronaut is in the space station their mass is when they are on the surface of Earth. very much more than very much less than the same as barely less than barely more than

the same as

The Milky Way has how many stars in it?

~400 Billion

Which type of spectrum is observed from the Sun? Continuous Absorption Emission

Absorption

Elliptical Galaxies

Spherical in shape Imagine a big ball of stars with a SMBH in the center Can be very elliptical, like football shape Red in color All old, cool stars NO gas/dust No active star formation Formed as the result a merger of galaxies through galactic cannibalism

Consider the information given below about three main sequence stars A, B, and C. Star A will be a main sequence star for 10 million years. Star B has the same luminosity as the Sun. Star C is a Red Dwarf star. Which of the following is a true statement about these stars? Star A has the greatest mass. Star B has the greatest mass. Star C has the greatest mass. Stars A, B, and C all have approximately the same mass. There is not enough information to answer this question.

Star A has the greater mass Fuse bright, die young. The higher up on the Main-Sequence a star is, the brighter, more massive, and bigger it is. It also has a shorter lifetime.

Below lists the lifetimes of different stars. Which one would be the most massive? Star A: 40,000 years Star B: 40 million years Star C: 4.0 billion years Star D: 4.0 trillion years Cannot be determined with this information

Star A: 40,000 years

An important line in the absorption spectrum of stars occurs at a wavelength of 656 nm for stars at rest. Imagine that you observe five stars (A-E) from Earth and discover that this absorption line is at the wavelength shown in the table below for each of the five stars. STAR Wavelength of Absorption line A 649 nm B 660 nm C 656 nm D 658 nm E 647 nm Based on the information in the table above, which one is the star that is moving away from Earth the slowest?

Star D

The star Stark has an apparent magnitude of +3.0. Its absolute magnitude is -1.0. What can be said of Stark? Stark is less than 10 pc away. Stark is a very hot star. Stark is farther than 10 pc away. Stark is a very red star. Stark is 10 pc away.

Stark is farther than 10 pc away.

Structure from center out of the Milky Way Galaxy

Supermassive Black Hole (SMBH) Nucleus Disk Halo

Heavy elements like gold, silver, and copper are formed and spread out through space by a . Supernova planetary nebula helium flash CNO Cycle red supergiant

Supernova

You have two balls of equal size and smoothness, and you can ignore air resistance. One is heavy, the other much lighter. If you release them at the same moment from the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, what will happen? The heavier one will hit the ground first. They will hit the ground at the same time. The lighter one will hit the ground first.

They will hit the ground at the same time.

Thor is an A-type main-sequence star, Loki is a K-type main-sequence star. Which one is the brighter star? Thor Loki They are the same brightness.

Thor

The total lifetime of a main-sequence star like the Sun is about 1 million years 10 million years 10 billion years 100 billion years 1 trillion years

10 billion years

How many moons can fit between the Earth and the Moon?

120

Below are the temperatures of four Main-Sequence stars. Which one would have taken the longest time to reach hydrostatic equilibrium? 2,000K star 5,000K star 10,000K star 20,000K star 50,000K star

2,000K star

How many Moon orbits could fit in 1AU?

220

The star Betelgeuse is about 520 light-years away. If the speed of light were twice its present value, how far away would Betelgeuse be? 130 ly 260 ly 560 ly 1040 ly 2080 ly

260 ly

Imagine an asteroid was discovered that has an average distance of 2 AU. Which of the following would best approximate the asteroids period around the Sun? 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 8 years

3 years Remember the general guidlines for P and a: P does not equal a P > a P does not equal a2 P does not equal a3

If the Earth were the size of a basketball (about 1-foot across), the Moon the size of an orange (about 4 inches across), how far apart would you need to place the two objects to represent a scaled model of the Earth-Moon system? 1 foot 4 feet 10 feet Correct! 30 feet 300 feet

30 Feet

The diagram below represents hypothetical atom drawings. Use the drawings to answer the questions below. Each picture should only be used once. Which shows the absorption of blue light? Which shows the emission of red light? Which shows an atom being ejected? Which shows the absorption of the longest wavelength? Which shows the emission of the highest frequency?

Answer 1: D Answer 2: E Answer 3: A Answer 4: B Answer 5: C Absorption jumps UP Emission jumps DOWN Long λλ have low frequencies and low energies

The gravitational force is a(n) (answer) force between object that have (answer).

Answer 1: attractive Answer 2:mass

The gap between energy levels in an atom (Answer) as you go up in energy levels, because the (Answer) force gets (answer) .

Answer 1: gets smaller Answer 2:Coulomb Answer 3:weaker

When comparing spiral and elliptical galaxies, spirals have (answer), (answer), and (answer)

Answer 1:a lot of gas/dust Answer 2:both old and young stars in them Answer 3:a lot of active star formation.

Light with a very short wavelength has a (answer) frequency, (answer) energy and the (answer)

Answer 1:high Answer 2:high Answer 3:the same

Radio waves typically have (answer) wavelengths, (answer) frequencies, (answer) energies, and travel at (answer) speed compared to the other EM-waves.

Answer 1:longer Answer 2:lower Answer 3:lower Answer 4:the same

The star Arya has a mass 5 times that of the Sun, the star Sansa has a mass 10 times the mass of the Sun. How will the fusion rate of Arya compare to the fusion rate of Sansa? Arya's fusion rate will be more than 2 times slower than that of Sansa. Arya's fusion rate will be 2 times slower than that of Sansa. Arya's fusion rate will be the same as that of Sansa. Arya's fusion rate will be 2 times that of Sansa. Arya's fusion rate will be more than 2 times that of Sansa.

Arya's fusion rate will be more than 2 times slower than that of Sansa. The more mass there is, the faster the fusion rate will be to maintain equilibrium. The rate is not exactly the same amount of increase. Doubling the mass will have a fusion rate that is more than double the other star.

The figure below represents the orbit of a comet around the Sun. All of the segments are of equal areas. In which segment would the comet be traveling the fastest? A B C D None. The comet is traveling the same speed in each segment.

B

Which of the following spectral classes would be the hottest? A B K F M

B

An elliptical galaxy could... Evolve into an irregular galaxy when it has used up all of its gas & dust. Evolve from a spiral when the spiral has used up its gas & dust. Evolve into a lenticular it increased its rotation rate. Be formed from the collision/merger of two spiral galaxies.

Be formed from the collision/merger of two spiral galaxies. Ellipitcals are the end state of the merger of galaxies. One type of galaxy does not evolve (turn into) another one.

In the diagram of atoms below, which of the following shows the process for emission? (Choose all that apply) A B C D E

C and E Absorption jumps UP Emission jums DOWN

There are many things life needs to survive:

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, etc. The most important thing is liquid water A planet or moon could possibly be habitable IF there is liquid water.

Besides the Sun, Jupiter is the most massive object in the Solar System. Which of the following would have the longest period around the Sun? Mercury Mars Neptune Pluto Jupiter Uranus Eris Saturn Ceres

Eris Remember the order of the planets. The period of a planet depends on its average distance, only.

At which position would perihelion be located? A B C D E F G H

F

True or False? All Irregular galaxies would have active star formation.

False

What is the spectral class of the Sun? A7 B2 F9 M4 G2 O8 K2

G2

Region Details of Spiral Galaxies SMBH in the center Nucleus: Red in color indicates mostly cool, red, old stars Little to no gas or dust No active star formation Disk: Spiral arms feature, flat in comparison to nucleus (~1,000 ly thick) Many blue, young, hot stars Also has some red stars, but is dominated by younger, blue stars Many areas of gas & dust is visible by the dark lanes in a galaxy Gas & dust regions are where star formation is occurring Halo: Outer, surrounding region of a galaxy Void of gas/dust no star formation Home to many Globular Clusters and very old or already dead

Gas/Dust and Star Formation Star formation can ONLY occur in galaxies that have large amounts of gas/dust. It would be visible in images in galaxies. Start formation can only occur in areas of a galaxy where gas/dust are. For spirals, that is in the DISK only

Which describes a theory of the universe where the Earth is stationary and everything revolves around it? Heliocentric Universe Geolinear System Helio-orbit System Geo-orbit Universe Geocentric Universe

Geocentric Universe

Galactic Cannibalism

Gravitational interactions of galaxies resulting in changing shapes of galaxies or even mergers of galaxies The term comes from the idea of one galaxy devouring another Galaxies are so close to each other for their size they can have very strong influences on each other. Galaxies can rip each other apart, steal gas/dust or stars from each other and even merge into a larger one

Which of the following would a Blue Giant star NOT experience in its lifetime? Red Supergiant Iron Core Neutron Star Helium flash Multiple-shell fusion

Helium flash

Which of the following would result in a photon being emitted from the atom with the longest possible wavelength? If an electron dropped from level 10 to level 1. If an electron dropped from level 10 to level 8 If an electron jumped from level 1 to level 10. If an electron jumped from level 8 to level 10 None of the above is correct.

If an electron dropped from level 10 to level 8? Long wavelengths have low frequencies and low energies. Low energy jumps are small arrows.

Where in a galaxy would star formation occur? In the halo of ellipticals In the nucleus of sprials In the disk of lenticulars In the disk of spirals. Anywhere in ellipitcals In the halo of a galaxy

In the disk of spirals.

Hydrostatic replies on which of the following to happen? (choose all that apply) The fusion of Helium into Carbon Internal pressure from fusion. The start of nuclear fusion The ionization of Hydrogen atoms When a star starts to fuse helium into hydrogen Gravity pulling a star in.

Internal pressure from fusion Gravity pulling a star in.

What happens to the light that is missing in an absorption spectrum? It is reflected by atoms on the surface of the hot, dense object. It is emitted by atoms in a hot dense cloud. It is absorbed by atoms in a cool, low density cloud. It is absorbed by the atoms inside the hot, dense object.

It is absorbed by atoms in a cool, low density cloud.

What can be said of the galaxy pictured? (Bright light in the middle with swirls that are red and blue) (Choose all that apply) I has an AGN in the center. It is has active star formation. There are only old stars in it. There are old and young stars in it. It is in the midst of a collision with another galaxy. It is a spiral galaxy, It is a lenticular galaxy. It has been part of galactic cannibalism.

It is has active star formation. There are old and young stars in it. It is a spiral galaxy,

If all of the electrons in an atom are at ground state, which of the following is NOT possible? It is not possible for the atom to absorb a photon of light with a long wavelength. It is not possible for ionization to occur. It is not possible for the atom to absorb blue light. It is not possible for the atom to emit a photon of light with a short wavelength.

It is not possible for the atom to emit a photon of light with a short wavelength.

Which of the following best describes spaghettification? It is the differential tidal force ripping apart of moons as they orbit a large planet. It is what happens to an object when the tidal forces on the object are very much greater on end than the other and spacetime funneling an object down. It is the term use to describe the escape velocity of a black hole, which would need to be faster than the speed of light. It is what happens to a planet's orbit when its eccentricity becomes almost equal to one.

It is what happens to an object when the tidal forces on the object are very much greater on end than the other and spacetime funneling an object down.

What would happen to the strength of the gravitational force between two objects if BOTH masses doubled AND the distance between them also doubled. The force would be 1/2 as strong as before The force would be 1/4 as strong as before The force would be the same strength as before The force would be 2 times stronger than before The force would be 4 times stronger than before

It would be the same strength as before?? (not The force would be 1/4 as strong as before) Fg=GM1M2d2 M1 : mass of first object M2 : mass of the second object d: distance between the objects

Java Star gives off much more light than Cola Star. Java and Cola are the same size. Which star has the higher temperature? Java Cola They have the same temperture There is not enough information to determine this.

Java

Jerrica is an A-type main-sequence star, Kimber is a K-type main-sequence star. Which one is the fainter star? Jerrica Kimber They are the same brightness.

Kimber

What is the primary difference between objects in the Asteroid Belt and those in the Kuiper Belt? Asteroid Belt objects are larger than Kuiper Belt objects. Kuiper Belt objects are mostly icy objects. Asteroid Belt objects are less cratered than Kuiper Belt objects. Kuiper Belt objects are orbiting in the opposite direction. There is no real distinguishing factor between Asteroid Belt and Kuiper Belt objects. Kuiper Belt objects are mostly round in shape, while asteroid belt objects are very irregular in shape.

Kuiper Belt objects are mostly icy objects.

Which type of galaxy is show in the image below? (A straight bright horizontal line) Lenticular Elliptical Spiral Irregular

Lenticular

Which type of star is the most numerous in the universe? Blue Giants Red Giants White Dwarfs Red Dwarfs Main-Sequence

Main-Sequence

Which of the following stages of stellar evolution will a Sun-like star experience? (choose all that apply) Main-Sequence Blue Giant Red Giant Black Hole CNO Cycle H-fusion Supergiant Neutron Star Helium Flash Multiple-Shell Fusion Planetary Nebula Red Dwarf White Dwarf Supernova H-Fusion Shell

Main-Sequence Red Giant H-fusion Helium Flash Planetary Nebula White Dwarf H-Fusion Shell

The difference between SMBH and BH is?

Mass

Which of the following determines most of the characteristics and future events of a star's existence? surface temperature size (diameter) color mass composition

Mass

The eccentricities of four planets are given below. Which would experience the greatest change in orbital speed? Venus, e = 0.007 Jupiter, e = 0.048 Saturn, e = 0.054 Mercury, e = 0.209 Can't tell. Changes in speed are not affected by eccentricity.

Mercury, e = 0.209

Which has a stronger gravitational pull in the Sun-Earth system? The Sun pulling on the Earth. The Earth pulling on the Sun. Neither. They pull on each other by the same amount

Neither. They pull on each other by the same amount. Gravity is the force BETWEEN two masses. It is ONE force on both objects. One mass does not pull harder than the other.

The reason your hand will hurt if it hits a wall is... Kepler's 1st Law Kepler's 2nd Law Kepler's 3rd Law The Universal Law of Gravitation Newton's 1st Law Newton's 2nd Law Newton's 3rd Law

Newton's 3rd Law

The reason a kid's skateboard speeds down a street when the kid falls of is due to: Newton's 1st Law of Motion Newton's 2nd Law of Motion Newton's 3rd Law of Motion The Universal Law of Gravitation

Newton's 3rd Law of Motion

The figure below represents the orbit of a comet around the Sun. All of the segments are of equal areas. In which segment would the comet be traveling for the most time? A B C D None. The comet is traveling for the same time in each segment.

None. The comet is traveling for the same time in each segment.

Which of the following are Dwarf Planets? Mars Jupiter Pluto Uranus Mercury Earth Eris Saturn Venus Neptune Ceres

Pluto Eris Ceres

Which of the following would have wavelengths longer than Indigo light? (choose all that apply) Radio Waves X-rays Violet rays Red rays Microwaves Gamma Rays Orange Rays IR waves UV Rays Yellow rays

Radio Waves Red rays Microwaves Orange Rays IR waves Yellow rays

Which, if any, of the different wavelengths of light listed below completely passes through Earth's atmosphere and reaches the surface? Gamma Radio Infrared X-rays Microwaves Visible Ultra Violet

Radio and Visible

Which of the following EM waves has wavelengths longer than Indigo? Radio waves UV Green light Microwaves X-rays IR Gamma Rays

Radio waves Green light Microwaves IR

Which of the following will have the longest lifetime as a main-sequence star? A-type main-sequence star B-type main-sequence star The Sun G-type main-sequence star Red Dwarf

Red Dwarf

TRAPPIST-1

Red Dwarf star Very cool, very small star 1/12th the mass of the Sun Slightly larger than Jupiter If the Sun were the size of a basketball, TRAPPIST-1 would be the size of a ping pong ball 12 pc (~40 ly) away very close to us, considering Planet System!!! 7 confirmed planets (possibly more), closer to the star than Mercury is to the Sun Appear to be rocky composition, about the size of Earth at least 3 have atmospheres 3 are in the Goldilocks zone!

Two alien spacecraft are in a heated battle. Both craft are moving to the right while simultaneously firing their laser weapons at each other. The ship at the left is moving at 1,500 km/s and the ship at the right is moving at 3,000 km/s. The ship on the left would detect the laser light from the other ship... Unshifted You Answered Blueshifted Correct Answer Redshifted

Redshifted

Structure of a Black Hole Black holes (& SMBHs) have 2 parts to them: Event Horizon: The effective radius of a black hole "the point of no return" Event horizon radius is ~2 km per every solar mass Singularity: The central point, the size of an atom, that is where ALL of the mass is confined The area between the event horizon and singularity is empty space Black holes are "black" because the gravity in the BH is so strong not even light can escape them. The gravity will pull, bend light trying to escape and pull it back to the center. The escape velocity of a BH is greater than the speed of light.

The Milky Way's SMBH The center of the MW has a SMBH which is called, Sagittarius A* (pronounced Sagittarius A-star), abbreviated Sgr A* Mass = 4.6 million Msun This is the mass INSIDE the singularity Radius of event horizon = 0.17 AU 1/3 of Mercury's orbit! About 18 Sun's could fit across the EH of Sgr A* Sgr A* is NOT an AGN, it is not actively ripping apart or swallowing up stars. Everything in the MW is orbiting Sgr A*

Where does the light come from in an AGN? The SMBH The halo The event horizon The accretion disk The singularity

The accretion disk

What would the strength of the gravitational force be if BOTH masses tripled? The force would be 1/3 as strong. The force would be 1/6 as strong. The force would be 1/9 as strong. The force would be 6 times stronger. The force would be 9 times stronger.

The force would be 9 times stronger?? (Not the force would be 6 times stronger) Fg=GM1M2d2 M1: Mass of the first object M2: Mass of the second object d: distance between the objects

Choose all of the reasons that coastal mountains are good regions for building an observatory. The high elevation provides a thin atmosphere to observe through. The temperature is usually very cold. The area is usually very populated There is a lower risk of fires The politics are always good in mountain regions The atmosphere is less humid. The nightly cloud layer will cover city light pollution.

The high elevation provides a thin atmosphere to observe through. The temperature is usually very cold. The atmosphere is less humid. The nightly cloud layer will cover city light pollution.

If we drop a feather and a hammer at the same moment and from the same height, on Earth we see the hammer strike the ground first, whereas on the Moon they strike the ground at the same time. Why? The surface gravity of Earth is stronger than the gravity of the Moon. In strong gravity fields objects fall faster. The is no air resistance effect on the Moon. All of the above.

The is no air resistance effect on the Moon.

Your weight on the Moon is about 1/6th of your weight on Earth. Which of the following reasons best explain this phenomenon? There is no air (atmosphere) on the Moon. There is no gravity on the Moon. You are much farther from Earth when you are on the Moon. Your mass on the Moon is less than your mass on Earth. The mass of the Moon is smaller than the mass of Earth.

The mass of the Moon is smaller than the mass of Earth.

Imagine that you simultaneously receive two satellite images of two people that live on planets orbiting two different stars. Each image shows the people at their 21stbirthday parties. Consider the following possible interpretations that could be made from your observations. Which do you think is the most plausible interpretation? Both people are the same age but at different distances from you. The person that is closer to you is actually the older of the two people. The person that is farther from you is actually the older of the two people. The people are actually different ages but at the same distance from you.

The person that is farther from you is actually the older of the two people.

hat is a singularity? The physical edge of a black hole. The point at which all mass is concentrated at in a black hole. The moment when the black hole is formed. The surface of a black hole. The effective radius of a black hole.

The point at which all mass is concentrated at in a black hole.

Which component of a telescope is where light from an object is being collected? The secondary mirror The eyepiece The primary mirror The secondary lens the entire length of the telescope tube.

The primary mirror

Which of the following would be true about comparing visible light and radio waves? The radio waves would have a lower energy and would travel slower than visible light. The radio waves would have a longer wavelength and travel the same speed as visible light. The visible light would have a shorter wavelength and a lower energy than radio waves. The visible light would have a higher energy and would travel faster than radio waves. The radio waves would have a shorter wavelength and higher energy than visible light.

The radio waves would have a longer wavelength and travel the same speed as visible light.

Which of the following would prevent an observatory being built in the northern part of South America? The mountain ranges are too high in elevation. There is too much surrounding light pollution. To much sand blowing in the Sahara Desert. The rain forest has too many cloudy days. There are too many earthquakes in the region.

The rain forest has too many cloudy days.

Which of the following are discussed in Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion? The mass of a planet. The shape of a planet's orbit. How many planets a star has. How gravity depends on mass. What gives a planet an atmosphere. The speed throughout and orbit. An object in motion stays in motion. The period of an object depends on its mass. Every action has an equal an opposite reaction. The period of an object depends on its average distance.

The shape of a planet's orbit. The speed throughout and orbit. The period of an object depends on its average distance.

Which of the following were significant discoveries of the star TRAPPIST-1? It is a White Dwarf star. It is a very large, cool star. There are several Jovian planets orbiting it. There are three planets in the Goldilocks Zone. There is water on the surface of one of the planets. There are many Earth-sized planets orbiting it. TRAPPIST-1 is a Red Dwarf star. All of the planets are likely solid and rocky. There are many planets with rings around them. TRAPPIST-1 is a very small, hot star.

There are three planets in the Goldilocks Zone. There are many Earth-sized planets orbiting it. TRAPPIST-1 is a Red Dwarf star. All of the planets are likely solid and rocky.

Choose all of the following that are characteristics of Dwarf Planets. They are large in mass They are extremely small in mass They are gaseous They are solid They have a very thick atmosphere They have a thin atmosphere They are irregular in shape They have many moons They have few moons They have rings They have not cleared their orbits They are round in shape

They are extremely small in mass They have not cleared their orbits They are round in shape

Choose all of the following that are characteristics of Jovian Planets. They are large in mass They are small in mass They are gaseous They are solid They have a very thick atmosphere They have a thin atmosphere They are irregular in shape They have many moons They have few moons They have rings They have not cleared their orbits They are very dense

They are large in mass They are gaseous They have a very thick atmosphere They have many moons They have rings

The spectra (A-D) below represents four spectra from hydrogen sources. The Reference spectrum for Hydrogen is shown at the top. Use this information to answer the questions below: Which of the source's light is the most redshifted? Which source would be moving away fastest?

Which of the source's light is the most redshifted? Source A Which source would be moving away fastest? Source A

The figure below represents the spectra of four different stars (D, E, F, and G). Assume that the left end of each spectrum corresponds to shorter wavelengths (blue light) and that the right end of each spectrum corresponds with longer wavelengths (red light). Of the four stars, ONE of them is at rest (not moving). ONE of them is moving towards the observer and TWO of them are moving away from the observer. Which of the stars would be the one that is at rest? How many of the stars would have redshifted spectra? Of the ones that are moving, which one is moving the fastest? The one that's moving the fastest, is moving towards or away from the observer?

Which of the stars would be the one that is at rest? F How many of the stars would have redshifted spectra? 3 Of the ones that are moving, which one is moving the fastest? G The one that's moving the fastest, is moving towards or away from the observer? Towards

The figure below represents the black body curves for two different stars, C and E. Which one would be the brighter star? Which one would be the hotter star? Which one would be the bigger star?

Which one would be the brighter star? -Star E Which one would be the hotter star? -They are the same temperature Which one would be the bigger star? -Star E

Spiral Galaxies

Whirlpool looking, like the Milky Way Disk is abundant with gas & dust active star formation forming new stars, while old stars are dying Old AND new stars in them!

What forms of light are completely absorbed by Earth's atmosphere? Radio IR X-rays Visible Microwaves Gamma

X-rays and Gamma

In the figure below, the positions labled indicate stars that would be plotted on the HR Diagram. Which star would be the lagest? U V W X

X?? (Not U)

Which would best represent the diameter of the Milky Way galaxy? a few hundred AU eacross a billion light-years across a hundred thousand light-years across a million light-years across a few hundred parsecs

a hundred thousand light-years across?? (not a million light-years across)

The Goldilocks Zone is the region... on a planet where the temperature is just right for life to form. around a star where liquid water could be sustained on a planet. around the center of the galaxy where star formation occurs. where surface temperatures are hot enough to have water moisture in the atmosphere.

on a planet where the temperature is just right for life to form.