Astronomy

A star moving toward the Sun will show:

A blue shift from the observer

Astronomers now think that there is a black hole with more than 4 million times the mass of our Sun at the center of the Milky Way. Approximately how large would the event horizon of such a supermassive black hole be?

About 17 times the size of the sun, radius of the event horizon

How long do most astronauts live and work on International Space Station at a time?

Abt 6 months

The type of galaxy that sometimes has a distinct bar of stars running across the central region is:

Barred spirals

Today, we believe that only a small number of elements were actually formed during the Big Bang. Which of the following was NOT one of these elements?

Carbon

A new technique called adaptive optics allows astronomers to do what?

Correct for the fuzzy images

If stars w masses like our suns cannot make elements heavier than oxygen, where are heavier elements like silicone produced in the universe?

Heavier elements are made in the cores of significantly more massive stars than the sun, which can get hotter in the middle

Studies of the spectra of stars have revealed that the element that makes up the majority of stars(75% by mass) is:

Hydrogen

Ninety percent of all stars if plotted on. Am h-r diagram, would fall into a region astronomers call the:

Main sequence

The first human being to step out onto the surface of another world was:

Neil Armstrong

At about 1 second after the beginning of the universe, one type of particle was able to start traveling freely through the universe. These particles are still with us, but they are extremely hard to detect. What are they called?

Neuritones

Astronomers call a hall of matter that is contracting to become of a star a:

Protostar

The very strong source of radio waves at the center of our Galaxy is called:

Sagittarius A

Our Milky Way Galaxy is what type of galaxy?

Spiral/Barred Spiral

Which of the following types of telescopes can be used ONLY above the Earth's atmosphere?

X-ray telescope

A graduate student is trying to follow the weather on Jupiter for her PhD thesis. To see the big weather patterns in the upper atmosphere of the planet, she needs to have excellent resolution. What type of telescope would be best for her to use?

a large reflector located in orbit above the Earth's atmosphere

Which of the following looks the brightest in the sky

a star with magnitude -1

The event in the life of a star that begins its expansion into a giant is

almost all the hydrogen in its core that was hot enough for fusion has been turned into helium

Which color of a star is likely to be the hottest

blue

The most important function of an astronomical telescope is to:

collect as much light as possible and bring it to a focus

Which of the following is NOT something that was accomplished by the Apollo missions to the Moon?

discovering that the Moon has a great deal of water under its surface

Which type of galaxy is very difficult to see but may be very common?

dwarf elliptical

When a single star with a mass equal to the Sun dies, it will become a:

white dwarf

Which of the following DID NOT happen during the first few minutes after the Big Bang?

some very massive early stars formed

The U.S. has plans to build a 30-meter telescope, while the Europeans are thinking about a 39-meter telescope. What technological innovation allows astronomers to plan telescopes with that large an aperture?

the mirror in these telescopes will be constructed from many smaller mirrors which will work together

What have we learned from the work of Harlow Shapley and others about the location of the Sun in the Milky Way Galaxy?

we are in the disk of the Galaxy, about 3/5 of the way from the center

Astronomers have concluded that pulsars are:

rotating neutron stars

Since 1971, how many space stations have been launched into low Earth orbit AND occupied by astronauts?

12

Factoring in everything we currently know about the history of the universe, our best estimate of the age of the universe is approximately:

13.772 billion years + 59 million years

Two stars have the same luminosity, but Star B is three times farther away from Earth than Star A. Compared to Star A, Star B will look:

9 times faster

Which type of galaxy is observed to contain mostly older stars?

elliptical

What is the James Webb Space Telescopes's distinguishing characteristic? In other words, what about it will really help astronomers?

it will have the largest mirror ever put into space for observing faint objects

What type of telescope can be used routinely on the surface of the Earth during the day?

radio telescope

Which of the following is pretty good evidence that the universe began with the Big Bang?

the 3-degree background radiation

Which of the following major telescopes was NOT located in space?

the Keck Telescope