Astronomy Ch. 11

(a) bluish

Accoding to Figure 11.7 ("Jupiter's Atmosphere"), if ammonia and ammonium hydrosulfide ice were transparent to visible light, Jupiter would appear (a) bluish; (b) red; (c) tawny brown; (d) exactly as it does now

darker is older than lighter

Are the darker regions or the lighter regions older on Ganymede?

(b) much less

Compared with Earth's density, the density of Jupiter is (a) much greater; (b) much less; (c) about the same

(c) 5 times larger

Compared with Earth's orbit, the orbit of Jupiter is approximately (a) half as large; (b) twice as large; (c) 5 times larger; (d) 10 times larger

no

Does Jupiter have a solid surface?

(c) southern mid-latitudes

Figure 11.6 ("Zonal Flow") shows that the most rapid westerly wind flows on Jupiter occur at (a) northern midlatitudes; (b) equatorial latitudes; (c) southern mid-latitudes; (d) polar latitudes

(a) is continually resurfaced by volcanic activity

Io's surface appears very smooth because it (a) is continually resurface by volcanic activity; (b) is covered with ice; (c) has been shielded by Jupiter from meteorite impacts; (d) is liquid

we have confusing and uncertain results to date

Is there evidence of life on Mars?

(b) 5 AU

Jupiter's magnetosphere extends far into space, stretching (a) 1 AU; (b) 5 AU; (c) 10 AU; (d) 20 AU beyond the planet

(d) larger than Earth

Jupiter's rocky core is (a) smaller than Earth's Moon; (b) comparable in size to Mars; (c) almost the same size as Venus; (d) larger than Earth

a rapid rotation

Jupiter's shape is noticeable oblate because it has

true

T or F: the slow escape of gravitational energy released during the planet's rotation is the source of Jupiter's excess energy

(c) the moons' densities decrease with increasing distance from Jupiter

The Galilean Moons of Jupiter are sometimes described as miniature inner solar system because (a) there are as many Galilean moons as there are terrestrial planets; (b) the moons have generally "terrestrial" composition; (c) the moons' densities decrease with increasing distance from Jupiter; (d) the moons all move on circular, synchronous orbits

Galilean moons

The four brightest and largest moons of Jupiter (Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto), named after Galileo Galilei, the seventeenth-century astronomer who first observed them

(a) hydrogen

The main constituent of Jupiter's atmosphere is (a) hydrogen; (b) helium; (c) ammonia; (d) carbon dioxide

(a) Io

The moon of Jupiter most similar in size to Earth's Moon is (a) Io; (b) Europa; (c) Ganymede; (d) Callisto

europa

The surface of which Jovian moon most resembles the pack ice of the Arctic Ocean?

Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto

What are the 4 largest Jupiter moons?

ganymede

What is the largest moon in the solar system?

differential rotation and underlying zonal upwelling

What is the probably source of the variations in Jupiter's belts and zones?

metallic hydrogen swirling in its interior

What is the source of Jupiter's large magnetic field?

tidal stress from Jupiter and Europa

What is thought to cause Io's volcanism?

Great Red Spot

_____ ______ ______ seems to be a hurricane that has been raging as long as we have been looking a it with telescopes

zonal flow

_______ ______ wind speed in Jupiter's atmosphere measured relative to planets internal rotation rate

zones

_______ are cooler and lie higher in atmosphere than belts

europa

_______ is very smooth -- very few craters -- there is clearly an ongoing process that fills craters formed by meteorite impact

zonal flow

alternating regions of westward and eastward flow, roughly symmetrical about the equator of Jupiter, associated with the belts and zones in the planet's atmosphere

zones

bright, high-pressure region in the atmosphere of a jovian planet, where gas flows upward

belts

dark, low-pressure region in the atmosphere of a jovian planet, where gas flows downward

io

densest of Jupiter's moons, and most geologically active object in solar system

brown oval

feature of Jupiter's atmosphere that appears only at latitudes near 20 degrees, this structure is along-live hole in the clouds that allows us to look down into Jupiter's lower atmosphere

63

how many moons does Jupiter have?

Great Red Spot

large, high-pressure, long-lived storm system visible in the atmosphere of Jupiter. roughly twice the size of Earth

white ovals

light-colored region near the Great Red Spot in Jupiter's atmosphere. Like the red spot, such regions are apparently rotating storm systems

differential rotation

tendency for gaseous sphere, such as a jovian planet or the Sun, to rotate at a different rate at the equator than at the poles. More generally, a condition where the angular speed varies with location within an object

water ice

what makes up the surface of europa?

amino acids

which important molecules did Miller and Urey create in their experiment?

Mars

which of the following inner solar system bodies has the largest volcanoes