Astronomy Ch.7

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What is the hole in the ozone layer thought to be caused by?

CFCs

Because it is a nuclear process, radioactive decay of elements occurs only in the sun

False

Earth's sky is blue because the air refracts the blue light to your eyes, like a prism

False

Global warming is a result of the destruction of the ozone layer

False

Oxygen comprises the majority of Earth's atmosphere

False

P-waves reflect from Earth's core and S-waves are transmitted through it

False

Seismic data suggest that Earth's inner core is rotating faster than the rest of the planet

False

The greenhouse effect on Earth is due to mostly to industrial pollution

False

The outer core of Earth forms a solid shell around its liquid inner core

False

The tides on Earth are largest when the Moon is at it's first and third-quarter positions

False

What is the best description of the Earth's rotation over its entire history?

It has slowed down very gradually at about .0015 seconds per century

The Dynamo Theory holds that:

Magnetic fields are generated by rapidly spinning, fluid magnetic interiors

What gas is the primary constituent of our atmosphere?

Nitrogen

Which major atmospheric component is chiefly a product of life processes?

Oxygen

Earth's magnetic field:

Prevents charged particles in the solar wind from reaching the surface

What event triggered the dramatic increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration seen over the last couple of centuries?

The Industrial Revolution

Why is the sky blue?

The atmosphere scatters the light from the Sun

In noting that our world is "differentiated," we mean that:

The iron and nickel core is denser than the silicate mantle and crust

Clouds and weather do not reach the ozone layer and the ionosphere

True

Earth experiences two major tidal bulges: one on the side closest to the Moon and one on the side farthest from the Moon

True

Earth's magnetic poles do not align precisely with its rotational axis and move around noticeably over time

True

Earth's magnetosphere is significantly distorted by the solar wind

True

Ninety-nine percent of Earth's atmosphere is contained in a layer less than 30km thick

True

The region around Earth where the magnetic field traps charged particles is the:

Van Allen Radiation Belts

The presence of a magnetic field is a good indication that:

We have a liquid metal outer core, spinning rapidly as we rotate

Which parts of the Sun's radiation are responsible for heating Earth's surface?

the visible and the infrared

In what part of our atmosphere do we live?

troposphere

Which of these gases are outgassed from our volcanic eruption?

water vapor, methane, carbon dioxide


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