ATI Cardiovascular

A nurse is caring for a client who asks why the provider prescribed a daily aspirin. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "Aspirin reduces the formation of blood clots that could cause a heart attack." B. "Aspirin relieves the pain due to myocardial ischemia." C. "Aspirin dissolves clots that are forming in your coronary arteries." D. "Aspirin relieves headaches that are caused by other medications."

A. "Aspirin reduces the formation of blood clots that could cause a heart attack."

A nurse educator is reviewing the use of cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery for coronary artery bypass grafting with a group of nurses. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.) A. "The client's demand for oxygen is lowered." B. "Motion of the heart ceases." C. "Rewarming of the client takes place." D. "The client's metabolic rate is increased." E. "Blood flow to the heart is stopped."

A. "The client's demand for oxygen is lowered." B. "Motion of the heart ceases." C. "Rewarming of the client takes place."

A nurse at a provider's office is reviewing the laboratory test results for a group of clients. The nurse should identify that which of the following results indicates the client is at risk for heart disease? (Select all that apply.) A. Cholesterol (total) 245 mg/dL B. HDL 90 mg/dL C. LDL 140 mg/dL D. Triglycerides 125 mg/dL E. Troponin I 0.02 ng/mL

A. Cholesterol (total) 245 mg/dL C. LDL 140 mg/dL

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a prescription for furosemide 40 mg PO daily. The nurse should instruct the client to take this medication at which of the following times of day? A. Morning B. Immediately after lunch C. Immediately before dinner D. Bedtime

A. Morning

A nurse is admitting a client who has a suspected myocardial infarction (MI) and a history of angina. Which of the following findings will help the nurse distinguish stable angina from an MI? A. Stable angina can be relieved with rest and nitroglycerin. B. The pain of an MI resolves in less than 15 min. C. The type of activity that causes an MI can be identified. D. Stable angina can occur for longer than 30 min.

A. Stable angina can be relieved with rest and nitroglycerin.

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of hypertension and a new prescription for spironolactone 25 mg/day. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should eat a lot of fruits and vegetables, especially bananas and potatoes." B. "I will report any changes in heart rate to my provider." C. "I should replace the salt shaker on my table with a salt substitute." D. "I will decrease the dose of this medication when I no longer have headaches and facial redness."

B. "I will report any changes in heart rate to my provider."

A nurse is caring for a client who is 4 hr postoperative following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. The client is able to inspire 200 mL with the incentive spirometer, then declines to try to cough because of fatigue and pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Allow the client to rest, and return in 1 hr. B. Administer IV bolus analgesic, and return in 15 min. C. Document the 200 mL as an appropriate inspired volume. D. Tell the client coughing after incentive spirometry is required.

B. Administer IV bolus analgesic, and return in 15 min.

A nurse is caring for a client following peripheral bypass graft surgery of the left lower extremity. Which of the following findings pose an immediate concern? (Select all that apply.) A. Trace of bloody drainage on dressing B. Capillary refill of affected limb of 6 seconds C. Mottled appearance of the limb D. Throbbing pain of affected limb that is decreased following IV bolus analgesic E. Pulse of 2+ in the affected limb

B. Capillary refill of affected limb of 6 seconds C. Mottled appearance of the limb

A nurse is screening a client for hypertension. The nurse should identify that which of the following actions by the client increase the risk for hypertension? (Select all that apply.) A. Drinking 8 oz nonfat milk daily B. Eating popcorn at the movie theater C. Walking 1 mile daily at 12 min/mile pace D. Consuming 36 oz beer daily E. Getting a massage once a week

B. Eating popcorn at the movie theater D. Consuming 36 oz beer daily

A nurse is caring for a client following an angioplasty that was inserted through the femoral artery. While turning the client, the nurse discovers blood underneath the client's lower back. Which of the following findings should the nurse suspect? A. Retroperitoneal bleeding B. Cardiac tamponade C. Bleeding from the incisional site D. Heart failure

C. Bleeding from the incisional site

A nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to the emergency department with a blood pressure of 266/147 mm Hg. The client reports a headache and double vision. The client states, "I ran out of my diltiazem 3 days ago, and I am unable to purchase more." Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Administer acetaminophen for headache. B. Provide teaching regarding the importance of not abruptly stopping an antihypertensive. C. Obtain IV access and prepare to administer an IV antihypertensive. D. Call social services for a referral for financial assistance in obtaining prescribed medication.

C. Obtain IV access and prepare to administer an IV antihypertensive.

A nurse is presenting a community education program on recommended lifestyle changes to prevent angina and myocardial infarction. Which of the following changes should the nurse recommend be made first? A. Diet modification B. Relaxation exercises C. Smoking cessation D. Taking omega-3 capsules

C. Smoking cessation

A nurse in an urgent care clinic is obtaining a history from a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a recent diagnosis of hypertension. This is the second time in 2 weeks that the client experienced hypoglycemia. Which of the following client data should the nurse report to the provider? A. Takes psyllium daily as a fiber laxative B. Drinks skim milk daily as a bedtime snack C. Takes metoprolol daily after meals D. Drinks grapefruit juice daily with breakfast

C. Takes metoprolol daily after meals

A nurse on a cardiac unit is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) and reports that his dyspnea began 2 weeks ago. Which of the following cardiac enzymes would confirm the MI occurred 14 days ago? A. CK-MB B. Troponin I C. Troponin T D. Myoglobin

C. Troponin T

A nurse is teaching a client who has angina about a new prescription for metoprolol. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? A. "I should place the tablet under my tongue." B. "I should have my clotting time checked weekly." C. "I will report any ringing in my ears." D. "I will call my doctor if my pulse rate is less than 60."

D. "I will call my doctor if my pulse rate is less than 60."

A nurse is teaching a client who is scheduled for coronary angiography. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? A. "You should have nothing to eat or drink for 4 hours prior to the procedure." B. "You will be given general anesthesia during the procedure." C. "You should not have this procedure done if you are allergic to eggs." D. "You will need to keep your affected leg straight following the procedure."

D. "You will need to keep your affected leg straight following the procedure."

A nurse is completing the admission assessment of a client who will undergo peripheral bypass graft surgery on the left leg. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Rubor of the affected leg when elevated B. 3+ dorsal pedal pulse in left foot C. Thin, peeling toenails of left foot D. Report of intermittent claudication in the affected leg

D. Report of intermittent claudication in the affected leg