ATI Pharm Hematology
What is usually administered after a blood transfusion reaction?
02, epinephrine, solo-cortef, furosemide, antipyretics
What are the 5 types of anemia?
1) Aplastic Anemia 2)Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 3)Iron Deficiency Anemia 4)Pernacious Anemia 5)Sickle Cell Anemia
Average Internation Normalized Ratio
1.2-2
Average Prothrombin Time (PT) ; What is PT associated with ? Overdose Medication given?
12-14 Seconds; Warfarin; Vitamin K
Hemoglobin (Hgb)
12-18g/dL
Normal Platelet Count
150,000-400,000
Average Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) ; What is aPTT associated with? Overdose medication given?
20-25 Seconds; Heparin; Protamine
Hematocrit (HCT)
37-52mL/dL
Normal RBC Count
4.2-6.1/mm3
Normal WBC Count?
5,000-10,000/mm3
A nurse is talking with a client who is about to undergo hip arthroplasty. The nurse explains tha the surgeon will prescribe anticoagulant thearpy to prevent deep-vein thrombosis post-operatively. The nurse should explain that the client will not require frequent clotting time determination because the surgeon plans to prescribe which of the following medications?
Enoxaprin (Lovenox)
Red Blood Cells are also called
Erythrocytes
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for warfarin sodium (coumadin) which of the following should the nurse include?
He should use an electric razor while on this medication
A nurse is caring for a client who has thrombophlebitis and has been placed on IV heparin. The client asks the nurse how long it will take for the heparin to dissolve the clot. Which of the following responses by the nurse is approriate?
Heparin Prevents new clots from forming rather than dissolving established clots
A nurse is caring for a client on a medical surgical unit with a deep ven t hrombosis who has been on IV heparin for 5 days. The provider prescribes oral warfarin without discontinuing the heparin. The client asks the nurse why both anticoagulants are necessary. What is an appropriate response?
Heparin will be continued until the arfarin reaches a therapeutic level
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin intravenously to a client. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?
Obtain an infusion pump to regulate the continuous flow of the medication.
What are the Physiological functions of the hematologic system?
Oxygenation and Hemostasis (control bleeding)
Oprelvekin (neumega) is?
a colony stimulating factor that produces more platelets
Whenever a nurse is caring for clients who are recieve heparin, which of the following medications should the nurse have on hand in the event of an overdose?
Protamine reverses the effects of heparin
A client who is postoperative following surgical placement of an artificial heart valve is to be regulated on warfarin prior to dishcare. The nurse should use the results of which of the following diagnostic tests to monitor the effect of this thearpy?
Prothrombin time (PT)
What do clotting factors form?
Stable fibrin matrix over the wound
Signs and symptoms of a reaction to a blood transfusion
back or chest pain, fever, chills, decreased b/p, urticaria (hives), wheezing, dyspnea, coughing, blood in the urine
What herbs can affect blood clotting?
Black cohosh, feverfew, garlic, ginkgo, and ginseng
Erythopoietin (Epogen) and Darbepoetin (aranesp) are?
Colony stimulating factors to produce more RBC
What is polycythemia Vera?
Increased # of RBC
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin to a client via the deep subcutaneous route. which of the following is an appropriate action for administering this medication?
Inject the med into the abdoment above the illiac crest
What supplement is needed in order to produce hemoglobin? And what are some food sources?
Iron; Red Meats, fish, dried fruits, beans, dark green vegies
Funtion of the RBC
Transport oxygen throughout the body and get rid of C02
A nurse is caring for a client with cirrhosis who has a prothrombin time of 30 seconds. Which of the following medications does the nurse anticipate the provider will prescribe?
Vitamin K
Whenever a nurse is caring for clients receiving warfarin which of the following medications whould the nurse have on hand in case of an overdose?
Vitamin K
When is a Platelet Transfusion done?
When platelets fall below 20,000 cells/mm3