ATI Pharmacology Practice Quiz

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of new parents about medications. The nurse should include that aspirin is contraindicated for children who have a viral infection due to the risk of developing which adverse effect?

Reye's syndrome

A nurse is caring for a client who has peptic ulcer disease and reports a headache. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

acetaminophen Acetaminophen is an analgesic used for mild to moderate pain. It can be administered to a client who has peptic ulcer disease because it does not affect blood coagulation and does not increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.

A nurse is administering subcutaneous heparin to a client who is at risk for deep vein thrombosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

administer the medication into the client's abdomen The heparin should be administered into the client's abdomen.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a urinary tract infection and new prescriptions for phenazopyridine and ciprofloxacin. Which of the following statements indicates the need for further teaching?

"I should notify my provider immediately is my urine turns orange" Phenazopyridine is a urinary tract analgesic used to relieve pain and burning during urination. The medication can cause the client's urine to turn a reddish-orange color. Although this coloration can stain clothing, this finding does not need to be reported to the provider.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a parent of a child who has asthma and a new prescription for cromolyn sodium metered dose inhaler. Which of the filling statements by the parent indicates the need for further teaching?

"I will give my child a dose as soon as the wheezing starts" Cromolyn is a mast cell inhibitor that has a slow onset and is given for prophylactic treatment of asthma. It is not a rescue medication.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide 50mg PO daily to treat hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Take the hydrochlorothiazide in the morning." the client should take the medication in the morning to allow for diuresis during the day and prevent nocturia.

A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 8,000 units subcutaneously Q8H. Available is heparin 10,000 units/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?

0.8 mL

A nurse is preparing to administer lactated Ringer's (LR) 1,000 mL IV to infuse over 8H. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/mL?

21 gtt/mL 1,000 mL/480 min X 10 gtt/mL = 20.833 gtt/mL

A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin liquid suspension 250mg PO Q8H to an older adult client. The amount available is amoxicillin 50mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?

5 mL 250mg / 50mg X 1 mL

A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral tube feeding through an NG tube at 250 mL over 4H. The nurse should set the pump to deliver how many mL/hr?

63 mL/hr

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for tamoxifen. The nurse should recognize that tamoxifen has which of the following therapeutic effects?

antiestrogenic Tamoxifen is an antiestrogen medication used to treat cancer of the great in both pre- and postmenopausal women who are at an increased risk.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has ulcerative colitis and a new prescription for sulfasalazine. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

arthralgia sulfasalazine can cause nausea, vomiting, and arthralgia.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for clopidogrel. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

bleeding Clopidogrel is an antithrombotic medication that inhibits platelet aggregation. It is used to prevent stenosis of coronary stents, myocardial infarctions, and strokes. The nurse should monitor for coffee ground emesis, black tarry stools, ecchymosis, and any indication of bleeding.

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has taken methimazole for a thyroid disorder during the past month. Which of the following findings demonstrates an expected response to methimazole?

decrease in body temperature Methimazole inhibits thyroid production for a client who has hyperthyroidism. Increased body temperature with warm, moist skin is a manifestation of hyperthyroidism; therefore, a decreased body temperature is an expected response to the medication. Other findings demonstrating effectiveness of the medication include decreased pulse rate and a decrease in metabolic rate, which allows the client to maintain a healthy body weight.

A nurse is caring for an older adult who has a prescription for zolpidem at bedtime to promote sleep. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

dizziness Zolpidem can cause dizziness and daytime drowsiness. it can cause confusion in older adults.

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a new prescription for amitriptyline to treat depression. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse plan to obtain prior to administering the medication?

electrocardiogram amitriptyline can cause tachycardia and ECG changes. AN older adult client is at risk for cardiovascular effects of the medication; an ECG should be done prior to obtain a baseline of the patient's cardiovascular status

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has gout and a new prescription for allopurinol. The nurse should instruct the client to discontinue taking the medication for which of the following adverse effects?

fever Fever can indicate a potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction. The client should discontinue the allopurinol and notify the provider if a fever or rash develops.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for enalapril. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

hypotension Enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, can cause hypotension and postural hypotension, especially during the first 3 hr following the initial dosage.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about metoclopramide. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following conditions is a contraindication to this medication?

intestinal obstruction Metoclopramide reduces nausea and vomiting by increasing gastric motility and promoting gastric emptying. It is contraindicated for a client who has an intestinal obstruction or perforation.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about caring for a client who has a prescription for gemfibrozil. The nurse should instruct the newly licensed nurse to monitor which of the following laboratory tests?

liver function Gemfibrozil reduces triglycerides by decreasing the liver's uptake of fatty acids. It can cause liver toxicity; therefore, the nurse should monitor the client's liver function.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for ergotamine. The nurse should recognize that ergotamine is administered to treat which of the following conditions?

migrane headaches Ergotamine prevents or stops a migraine headache by blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors in the cranial peripheral vascular smooth muscle, which causes vasoconstriction of dilated cerebral blood vessels.

A nurse is caring for a client who has prescription for chlorothiazide to treat hypertension. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

muscle weakness Chlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure. It promotes excretion of water, sodium, and potassium, and can cause hypokalemia. Manifestations of hypokalemia include muscle weakness, muscle cramps, and dysrhythmias.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has cirrhosis and a new prescription for lactulose. The nurse should instruct the client that lactulose has which of the following therapeutic effects?

reduces ammonia levels Lactulose is a laxative that promotes the excretion of ammonia in a client who has hepatic encephalopathy from cirrhosis of the liver.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and a prescription for long-term prednisone therapy. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the filling adverse effects?

stress fractures Prednisone can cause demineralization of the bones and can lead to osteoporosis and stress fractures.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of oral candidiasis after taking tetracycline for 7 days. The nurse should recognize that candidiasis is a manifestation of which of the following adverse effects?

superinfection A superinfection can develop from the overgrowth of fungus due to the antibacterial effect of tetracycline. The nurse should monitor the client for manifestations of a superinfection, such as soreness of the mouth and a swollen tongue.