ATI - The Cardiovascular System Test

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking a diuretic. The nurse should instruct the client to include which of the following foods in their diet to increase potassium intake?

Raisins

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin captopril therapy. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instructed client to report because it could indicate a need to discontinue therapy? (Select all that apply.)

Rash Distorted Taste Swelling of the tongue Dry cough

A nurse is caring for a client who has a depressive disorder and requires a prescription drug to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following hypertensive drugs are contraindicated for the client?

Reserpine Severe depression and an increased risk for suicide are adverse effects of adrenergic neuron blockers, such as reserpine. These adverse effects develop because of the depletion of serotonin and norepinephrine and can persist after clients discontinue taking the drug.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for verapamil. The nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider if the client has a history of which of the following conditions?

Second degree AV block

A nurse is reviewing new prescriptions for a client with heart failure. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following drugs is prescribed to treat Hypercholesterolemia?

Simvastatin

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following manifestations is a potential adverse effect of this drug?

Headache Adverse effects of nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, include headaches, which can be severe at the beginning of nitrate therapy but decrease in severity with continued exposure to nitrates.

A nurse is administering hydrochlorothiazide to a client who has gouty arthritis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings that indicates an adverse effect fo this drug?

Hyperuricemia Hyperuricemia, or increased uric acid levels, along with gouty arthritis, can occur in clients who have a history of these conditions and are taking hydrochlorothiazide.

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking carvedilol in a prescription for oral antidiabetic to manage their new diagnosis of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. By taking both drugs concurrently, The nurse should identify that the client is at an increased risk which of the following conditions?

Hypoglycemia

The nurse is providing teaching to a client who is taking simvastatin. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following manifestations as an indication of serious adverse reaction that could require discontinuation of the drug therapy?

Muscle pain Simvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin), can cause myopathy or pain in muscles and joints that can progress to rhabdomyolysis. With this rare but serious adverse effect, muscle protein breaks down and is excreted, resulting in kidney damage.

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking atorvastatin and has a new prescription for gemfibrozil. The nurse should recognize that this drug combination places the client at an increased risk for which of the following adverse effects?

Myopathy When taking a statin drug, it is important to know that concurrent use of fibric acid derivatives, such as gemfibrozil, or other drugs to lower cholesterol, can increase the risk for myopathy

A nurse is caring for a client with a new prescription for propranolol to treat tachydysrhythmia. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following types of overover-the-counter drugs while taking propranolol?

NSAIDs

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking spironolactone to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following of the clients laboratory values require immediate intervention?

Potassium 5.2 mEq/L Spironolactone is a diuretic and an aldosterone antagonist that can cause hyperkalemia and places the client at risk for cardiac dysrhythmias. This potassium level is outside the expected reference range of 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L and requires immediate intervention

A nurse should identify that which of the following drugs is used only for short-term treatment cardiac dysrhythmia because of serious adverse effects associated with long term use?

Procainamide Procainamide is a sodium channel blocker and a broad-spectrum antidysrhythmic. It should not be used for long-term treatment of dysrhythmias because of its risk for serious adverse effects, including cardiotoxicity and arterial embolism.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for gemfibrozil. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Report any new intolerance to fried foods. Report muscle tenderness. Expect periodic lever function testing.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a glomerular filtration rate of 10 mL/min and a reduced urine output. The nurse should clarify a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide for this client because of which of the following characteristics of this drug?

This drug does not promote diuresis for clients who have renal insufficiency. Adequate kidney function is essential for clients who take hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, to promote urine production and effective excretion.

A nurse is caring for a client who will begin using transdermal nitroglycerin to treat angina pectoris. When speaking to the client about the drug, which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

"Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites." "Apply a new patch when you start of your day." "Remove patches 10 to 12 hours each day."

A nurse should recognize that milrinone is contraindicated for a client who has which of the following conditions?

Acute myocardial infarction

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking to digoxin and develops changes on the ECG tracing and other manifestations that indicates the client has severe digoxin toxicity. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to administer To treat this complication?

Antigen binding fragments

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for losartan to treat hypertension. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following findings could indicate an adverse reaction to the drug and needs to be reported?

Facial edema

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking amiodarone to treat atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to avoid while taking this drug?

Grapefruit juice Grapefruit juice, particularly in large amounts, can cause toxicity of potassium channel blockers, such as amiodarone.

A nurse is caring for a client with a new prescription for aliskiren to treat hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of the drug? (Select all that apply.)

Hyperkalemia Throat swelling Cough

A nurse is caring for a client with a new prescription for dobutamine. The nurse should clarify the prescription with the if the client is receiving which of the following types of drugs? (Select all that apply.)

MAOI General anesthetic Tricyclic antidepressant Beta blocker

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for quinidine. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

Monitor your pulse rate and report changes. Sodium channel blockers, like quinidine, can worsen dysrhythmias, or cause new ones. The nurse should teach the client to monitor their pulse rate and report changes from prescribed parameters. It can be helpful to instruct the client to keep a written record of their pulse rate for the provider.

A nurse is monitoring a client who is taking a loop diuretic and is experiencing a thready, irregular pulse, orthostatic hypotension, and confusion. The nurse should identify that these manifestations indicate which of the following adverse effects?

Hypokalemia

A nurse is caring for a client with a new prescription for verapamil to treat atrial fibrillation. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking verapamil because it can cause the client to experience which of the following?

Hypotension