Atoms and the n i g g a s who made em
Ernest Rutherford
Born in New Zealand, conducted the "gold foil" experiment where a lead box with a small opening containing a radioactive material, shot out heavy alpha particles at a piece of gold foil. He discovered that there are positively charged particles mixed in with the negative electrons of the "plum pudding". Made Nuclear model
Chadwick experiment
Chadwick proved that protons and neutrons had similar mass
Plum pudding model
Atoms are positively charged bodies that contain small negatively charged particles, known as electrons. The positive and negative charges balance out to maintain the neutrality of the atom
James Chadwick
Discovered a neutral particle that had similar mass to that of a proton. This was the neutron
Robert A. Millikan
Discovered in 1909 that natural units all have electric charge. Also discovered the exact charge of an electron
Gold foil experiment
Radioactive material in a lead box shot alpha particles through a small hole in the box. The particles would hit a piece of gold foil, where they would deflect and scatter. Rutherford concluded that most of the space in an atom is empty. Because some particles would bounce off the center of the atom, it was thought to have positive particles and was called the nucleus.
J.J. Thomson
Used a cathode ray tube to shoot rays and see if they would be deflected by an electric field. Created the plum pudding model, basically discovering the electron
Oil drop experiment
Used falling droplets of oil that were lit up from a light source to determine the charge. They would pass through a metal plate and receive a negative charge