atoms protons and neutrons

Lakukan tugas rumah & ujian kamu dengan baik sekarang menggunakan Quizwiz!

What is an atomic number?

The number located at the top of an element on the periodic table also is the number of protons and electrons.

What is a valence number?

The number of electrons on the outer shell

atomic structure

subatomic particles

neutrons: symbol, charge, mass, location, purpose

symbol: No, charge: neutral (none), mass: 1 AMU location: nucleus, purpose: stabilizes atom by neutralizing the "strong force" surrounding protons (which repel them from one another)

protons: symbol, charge, mass, location, equals, purpose

symbol: P+1, charge: positive, mass: 1 AMU, location: nucleus, equals: # electrons (in neutral), purpose: determines, atomic#

electrons: symbol, charge, mass, location, equals, purpose

symbol: e-1, charge: negative, mass: 0 AMU location: outside nucleus, in electron cloud, in shells/rings, equals: # protons (in neutral), purpose: cancels out positive charge of protons AND creates chemical bonds

How do you determine the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons?

The atomic number is the number of protons and electrons. To find neutrons take atomic number minus the atomic mass.

What is an atom?

The building blocks of matter

What is an oxidation number?

a charge that the atom has become

element set up

atomic #: bottom left, atomic mass: top left, top right: top

numbers neutrons

atomic mass - protons = neutrons

amu

atomic mass unit

AMU

atomic mass units

first letter or two of element name

atomic symbol

What is the Greek word for atom?

atoms meaning "not able to be divided."

valence electrons create ___

bonds

What is the Octet Rule?

Means the atoms are happy or stable with 8 electrons on the outer shell. The exception is that the first orbital can hold 2.

Anion

Negatively charged ions where electrons have been gained ie: N^3- (gained 3 electrons)

What is a neutron?

Neutral charge and is also located in the nucleus.

atomic number

Number of protons/electrons

atomic mass

Number particles in nucleus (protons & neutrons) can be altered when # of neutrons changes, making it an isotope

Cation

Positively charged ions where electrons have been lost ie: Ca^2+ (lost 2 electrons)

What is atomic mass?

Protons and neutrons.

pure substance

Pure substances are defined as substances that are made of only one type of atom or molecule.

atom percentages

99.99% empty space nucleus = .001% of atom, but 99.9% of total mass (small but dense)

Ion

A charged ion where electrons have either been gained or lost

nuclear decay

A process that occurs when an unstable atomic nucleus changes into another more stable nucleus by emitting radiation.

radioactive

Any element that spontaneously emits radiation.

Atoms

Atoms are extremely small and can't be seen with the naked eye

How do you determine the number of electrons that are given or taken be an atom?

Depending on the covalent bond and how the electrons are shared between it.

Frequency

How often it occurs naturally

What is an electron?

Located on the outside of the nucleus known as the outer shell and has a negative charge that determines what type of change it has.

What is a proton?

They determine the element and it is positively charged and located in the nucleus.

outermost shell should contain ___ electrons

eight

chemical behavior is due to

electrons

protons =

electrons

electron shells

first shell: 2, second shell: 8, third shell: 8

atomic weight

isotope weight

structure of atoms

isotopes

electrons

negative charge

neutrons

neutral charge

mass number atomic number =

neutrons

atomic number

numbers of protons

outermost shell is filled; considered stable

octet rule

neutron weight

one amu

proton weight

one amu

quarks

particles that make up protons and neutrons protons: 2/3 + 2/3 -1/3 = 1 (AMU) neutrons: 2/3 - 1/3 -1/3 = 0 (AMU)

protons

positive charge

mass numbers

protons+neutrons

outermost electrons

valence electrons

electron weight

zero amu


Set pelajaran terkait

Finance Ch. 9 and exam 3 questions

View Set

Chapter 25: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

View Set

Chapter 17: Managing Quality and Safety

View Set

Ch.11 More Object-Oriented Programming Concepts Review Questions

View Set

Management 3490 Exam 3 (ch. 8,11, 13, 14)

View Set

Chapter 37: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function Study Questions

View Set

Ch. 23: Respiratory System (Learnsmart Quiz)

View Set