Auto collision chapter 25
Remove paint, but not metal, the disks are color coated too; white is coarse, yellow medium, and green is fine
Abrasive disks
Handheld pad to scuff paint. The color of the pad indicates its level of abrasiveness
Abrasive pads
Chemical added to paint when a faster drying time, or cure time, is needed
Accelerator
Used to give paint special capabilities or to prevent problems
Additives
Primer formulated to act as a bonding agent and hold refinish paint
Adhesion promoter
The reducer component that chemically bites into the substrate. Once the paint is sprayed on a substrate and the _______ bites in, the solvent evaporates.
Adhesion solvent
The reducer component that chemically bites into the substrate. Once the paint is sprayed on a substrate and the adhesion solvent bites in, this solvent evaporates
Adhesion solvent
Thick resins that, when mixed with solvent, form a matrix to evenly disperse and contain the paint's pigment
Binder
Which of the following is NOT a type of undercoat? Binder Etcher Surfacer Sealer
Binder
The appearance of an undercoat pigment in the topcoat is called bleeding. The opposite of hiding.
Bleeding
A method of paint application intended to hide slight color variation, or mismatch, between the repaired panel and the rest of the vehicle.
Blending
Crystals of zinc phosphate on bare steel cause good ______ characteristics.
Bonding
Occurs when improperly mixed surfacer is too thick to flow into and completely fill a scratch. The topcoat then sinks into the scratches making them visible. Can also refer to the unintended removal of paint when masking tape is pulled off.
Bridging
Includes compounds, polishes, and glazes
Buffing materials
The thickness of paint film, measured in mils.
Build
Anything that causes or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected
Catalyst
The ability of a finish to withstand exposure to solvents such as gasoline
Chemical Resistance
This sandpaper does not have spaces between the abrasive particles.
Closed-coat
The chemical bond (link) formed between molecular chains
Crosslinking
To harden. A process during which a chemical reaction results in a harder, more stable linkage such as that found in an adhesive bond
Curing
Will quickly grind down a weld. They are the most aggressive tool in the shop
Cut off wheel
A soft cloth rag that will not damage clean paint. It is the preferred way to apply and wipe off glaze
Detail cloth
Product used to dissolve a thick paint down to a sprayable viscosity
Dilution Solvent
The reducer component used to dilute the paint to a sprayable mixture. This solvent evaporates as the paint is sprayed. This is the fastest evaporating component of the reducer.
Dilution solvent
An undercoat that combines 2 functions. An example is primer-Surfacer, which binds and fills
Dual-Use Undercoat
The length of time required for paint to cure to a point where dirt will no longer stick.
Dust free time
An electrode position primer applied to a bare metal part at the factory
E-coat
When added to paint, filler, or adhesives it initiated a chemical reaction that causes cross-linking
Hardener
A topcoat paints ability to cover and not allow any color from below to show through. When the undercoat is no longer visible through the base coat
Hiding
When the topcoat paint is applied over any paint including surfacer the solvents in the topcoat may soak into the layer below. This is the ability of the surfacer to resist absorption of the top coat
Hold-out
A tri-coat paint thta changes colors. When viewing the painted surface from different angles the color changes
Hue-shifting colors
The time after mixing when components in the paint are still interacting. An epoxy primer cannot be separated until this has ended
Induction period
Component that allows the paint film to stay wet long enough for leveling to take place
Leveling solvent
The reducer component that causes the paint film to stay wet long enough for leveling to occur. Flow out is the ability of the wet paint film to level to a smooth surface. This is the slowest evaporating component of a reducer.
Leveling solvent
During adhesion, irregular metallic flakes position causes the base coat to appear ________.
Lighter
Applied with a spraygun liquid mask drive through film on the surface of the vehicle and will protect the wheel wells frame roof and wheels from paint overspray
Liquid mask
Quality of the paint that is so tough and durable that is not easily scratched abrasion
Mar resistance
Material used to protect the vehicle from overspray when priming or painting.
Masking Paper
Adhesive tape used to hold masking paper in place, as well as to block paint
Masking tape
A clear plastic cup with mixing ratios printed on it. Sometimes disposable, these cups are designed for fast and accurate paint formulation and mixing.
Mixing cup
Used to measure paint and stir components. Universal ______ are marked into equal units. Dedicated _________ are marked into part ratios for a particular type.
Mixing sticks
This sandpaper has spaces between the abrasive particles.
Open-coat
A process in which the paint film combines with oxygen to dry/cure the finish.
Oxidation
Most paint must be diluted before spraying. ________ such as thinner or reducer, are combined with paint to create a sprayable mixture.
Paint Diluting Elements
Device used to filter the mixed paint as it is poured into the paint gun cup. Some are reusable, others are disposable.
Paint strainers
Fine powders that give an object color.
Pigment
Less aggressive than other abrasives. It can remove paint with minimal damage to underlying metal.
Plastic wheel
Another word for curing. During this, components in the paint react with each other.
Polymerization
A loosely woven fabric coated with sticky resin. When gently wiped over a surface before painting, it will pick up and hold on to dust and other small particles of debris.
Tack Rag
How many minutes should you soak wet/dry sandpaper before you use it?
Ten
Paints that dry by evaporation of solvents only. Thermoplastic paints can be top coats or under coats.
Thermoplastic
Paints that dry by evaporation of solvents and by reaction. When this is cured it is more durable than cured thermoplastic paint. These paints are the most common, and used for top and under coats.
Thermoset Paint
When lacquer paint is diluted with thinner.
Thinning
The attractive, durable, finish on a vehicle.
Topcoat
Is similar to a base/clear coat in that the last coatis clear, but there are 2 layers of paint underneath the clear coat.
Tricoat
Contains a photo initiator and is designed to cure when exposed to UV radiation. They are single part paints and are available for top and under coats.
UV cure paint
Formulated to effectively adhere to the substrate and provide a satisfactory base for the topcoat.
Undercoat
Holds a measured amount of paint. A precisely sized hole in the bottom of the cup allows paint to flow out. Thicker paint takes longer than than thinner paint to flow out.
Viscosity cup
A special type of self-etching primer, that does not have a vinyl base.
Wash Primer
Paint components in this are suspended in water. There are not nearly as many VOC's. They are commonly applied as base coats.
Water-borne paints
Mica added to paint gives a(n) _______ effect.
pearl
A 6" disk attached to a velcro-type holder, that does minimal damage to the metal.
Stripping Pad
The surface to be painted. It may be steel, aluminum, body filler, rigid plastic, or flexible plastic.
Substrate
Is designed to fill imperfections. It is applied to build up low spots inside featheredged areas.
Surfacer
T or F? Dry sandpaper will disintigrate if it becomes wet.
T
T or F? Thermoplastic paint dries by evaporation of the solvent.
T
Which of the following statements is FALSE? 1.) Pigments determine the color of the paint 2.) Pigments are made from liquids 3.) Talc is a pigment that is used to add bulk to paint 4.) Titanium dioxide is a pigment
#2
A liquid formulation used to remove microscopic rust formation and to prepare the bare steel to accept paint.
Etcher
T or F? A plastic or poly abrasive is more aggressive than the silicon carbide or aluminum oxide.
F
T or F? FEPA-Rated sandpaper grit is preceeded by the letter S.
F
T or F? The lower the grit number, the finer the sandpaper grit.
F
A gradual change in color often caused by exposure to the sun. Also refers to a custom painting technique where one color subtly changes into another color, popularly using colors adjacent on the color wheel.
Fading
Modifies paint chemistry to be similar to the chemistry of the contamination to a point where the paint is no longer repelled by the contaminant
Fish eye eliminator
The number of minutes it takes for the solvents in freshly applied paint to evaporate, leaving the paint dry enough to touch
Flash time
The number of minutes that elapse between coats of paint is ____.
Flash time
This reduces the gloss level, depending on how much is added
Flattening agent
An additive that changes the paint by allowing it to remain pliable when deformed
Flex agent
A desirable characteristic of durable paint. Paint must be flexible enough to move w/ the metal's expansion and contraction cycles. If the paint is inflexible it will crack
Flexibility
The ability of the wet paint film to level to a smooth surface is known as ____.
Flow out
The tendency of wet paint to level and smooth out immediately after spraying
Flow out
Round abrasive tool that can quickly remove paint as well as metal.
Grinding disk
The amount of time it will take for the mixed paint to cure under standard conditions of 70 degrees Fahrenheit and 50% humidity.
Pot life
A process that applies an electrically charged, dry powder to grounded bare metal parts, then melts the powder into a thick, uniform coating that doesn't run or sag, and is tougher than conventional.
Powder coating
Product formulated to remove fingerprints and minor oil-based contamination prior to the application of paint.
Pre-Paint Solvent
A solution blended to remove contaminants. This type of solvent is considered aggressive and will dissolve heavy tar contamination
Pre-Sanding solvent
Coating that creates a band between the bare metal and subsequent paint layers.
Primer
Which of the following is applied to bare metal? Primer Surfacer Sealer All of the above
Primer
A solvent that is used to dissolve a thick paint down to a sprayable viscosity. Enamel paint is diluted with this.
Reducer
Enamel paint is diluted with reducer, a process known as...
Reducing
A(n) _______ is used to lengthen paint drying time.
Retarder
Additive used to increase paint drying time. It should inly be added to topcoats.
Retarder
A protective coating that looks like heavy orange peel, typically applied to rocker panels and other lower body parts. It can be sprayed and dries to a thick chip-resistant coating.
Rock guard
What is used to raise a molding while masking?
Rope
Type of paint that uses highly volatile chemicals, such as ether, to carry the paint components into suspension. Most of the refinish paint used in collision and repair shops is this.
Solvent-borne Paint
A thick and durable urethane, polyurethane -, or epoxy-based polymer engineered to protect the paint inside the truck bed.
Spray-on bed liner
A mild abrasive cleaner used to scuff clear coat before blending. The abrasive in the paste scours the paint; cleaning and gently abrading.
Sanding paste
An adhesion promoter helps achieve a uniform topcoat color, forms a barrier over sensitive substrates and provides hold out.
Sealer
A tube-applied product used to make a joint between panels moisture proof.
Seam sealer
Etches and primes bare metal in one step. It is applied to any bare metal before the glass is installed.
Self-Etching primer
_______ combines cleaning, phosphating, and priming into one procedure.
Self-etching primer
The undesirable tendency for primer or surfacer coats to recede. This causes cracking and other unwanted defects in the topcoat.
Shrink
Substance capable of dissolving or dispersing other substances.
Solvent
Paint is made up of binder, pigment, ______, and additives.
solvent
Lacquer is a(n) ________ paint.
thermoplastic