Axial Skeleton

Sternum

Breastbone

Sternum manubrium

Broad upper part of the sternum

Vertebral foramen

Opening in the middle of the vertebra

Anterior arch

Part of atlas that articulates with dens of axis.

Dens of axis

Peglike process that extends superiorly from the body

Spinous process

A bony projection off the posterior (back) of each vertebra

Transverse process

A small bony projection off the right and left side of each vertebrae

Vertebral pedicle

A stub of bone that connects the lamina to the vertebral body to form the vertebral arch

Transverse costal facet

Articular surfaces for synovial joints with the ribs.

Atlas cervical vertebrae

C1, ringlike structure with a short anterior arch and long posterior arch

Axis cervical vertebrae

C2

Cervical vertebrae

Consists of seven vertebrae (bones) that make up the portion of the spinal column located in the neck

Vertebral lamina

Flattened posterior portion of the vertebral arch

Lumbar vertebrae

L1-L5, located in the lower back between the thorax and pelvis

Sternum body

Largest part of the sternum, connects to the ribs via cartilage and forms front of the rib cage, helping to protect the heart and lungs

Vertebrosternal ribs

Ribs 1-7, costal cartilages are directly attached to the sternum

Floating ribs

Ribs 11-12, they have no connection to the sternum

Vertebrochondral ribs

Ribs 8-10, these ribs have indirect attachment to the sternum

Sacrum

Shield-shaped bony structure that is located at the base of the lumbar vertebrae and is connected to the pelvis

Sternum xiphoid process

Smallest part of the sternum that is attached to the inferior end of the body

Thoracic vertebrae

T1-T12, forms vertebral spine in the upper trunk

Coccyx

Tailbone

Transverse foramen

The openings on the transverse processes of all cervical vertebrae

Hyoid

a U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue