BA 350 Ch 2

Car makers design and produce new model cars more quickly now than in the past. This is an example of a. effective leadership. b. decreased cycle time. c. increased employee morale. d. valued diversity. e. low-cost production

b

What is the most important factor in maximizing the positive effects of a diverse workforce within an organization? a. A clearly written policy manual b. Support from lower-level managers c. Affirmative action d. Top management support e. Labor unions

d

Which of the following best reflects low individualism? a. Valuing personal achievement above the achievement of the group b. Believing that people are incapable of making decisions on their own c. Valuing personal freedom above all else d. Valuing harmony more than honesty e. Wanting to stand out from the crowd

d

Deep-level characteristics are those considered to be a. gender-based. b. observables. c. invisible. d. irrelevant. e. age-related.

c

Which term refers to the ability to interact effectively with people of different cultures? a. Tolerance b. Racial knowledge c. Egalitarianism d. Ethnocentrism e. Cultural competence

e

The belief that one's culture is superior to all others is called a. the "like me" bias. b. bigotry. c. ethnocentrism. d. perceived threat of loss. e. stereotyping.

c

When you notice that someone is tall, you are recognizing which type of diversity? a. Longitudinal diversity b. Surface-level diversity c. Deep-level diversity d. Attitudinal diversity e. Ethnocentrism

b

Which of the following is a dimension of diversity? a. Age b. Gender c. Sexual orientation d. Mental abilities e. All of these are correct

e

The AMD Co. makes computer chips that are installed in various computers. AMD is an example of a. a manufacturing organization. b. a biotechnology firm. c. an information technology firm. d. a service organization. e. a hybrid organization.

a

A __________ worker is not employed by the company full-time. a. tiered b. knowledge c. contingent d. direct e. flex-time

c

Age-based diversity is a. an issue organizations experienced in the past, but it is not impacting organizations today. b. not beneficial to organizations, since different age groups do not work well together. c. difficult to achieve in the workplace, since older people rarely look for work. d. not a goal for organizations today, since there is little value to seek this type of diversity. e. a major issue affecting organizations today, as there is a large increase in older workers.

e

Stereotypes are typically based on all of the following characteristics EXCEPT a. race. b. religion. c. disability. d. nationality. e. ethics

e

Stereotypes can best be defined as a. favoring people similar to you. b. focusing on differences among people. c. grouping people into different categories. d. judgments about others that reinforce beliefs about superiority and inferiority. e. making generalizations about groups of people.

e

The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects a dramatic increase in workers between the ages of __________ in the United States during the next decade. a. sixteen and twenty b. twenty and thirty c. thirty and forty d. forty and fifty e. sixty-five and older

e

Which of the following contributes to diversity? a. Life experiences b. Educational background c. Geographic location d. Age e. All of these are correct

e

An ice cream maker requires approximately two months from the time a new flavor is selected in the corporate board room until the time it is produced and available to consumers in stores. This time frame is referred to as a. competitive advantage time. b. information technology time. c. cycle time. d. production time. e. made-to-order time.

c

Karson Photography Studios previously hired and managed its own custodial staff, but the company recently started contracting this work to a cleaning company. This is an example of a. corporate governance. b. offshoring. c. outsourcing. d. nearshoring. e. insourcing.

c

One way organizations can address privacy concerns on the Internet is to a. keep all data collected confidential. b. publicly display any information collected by the company. c. post a privacy policy on the company's website. d. avoid collecting any private information. e. share collected data only with firms that pay for access.

c

Organizational functions that are typically outsourced include all of the following EXCEPT a. payroll. b. human resource training. c. corporate governance. d. facility maintenance. e. food service tasks.

c

__________ diversity reflects differences in attitudes or values, especially with regard to group goals or processes. a. The "like me" bias b. Disparity c. Ethnocentrism d. Separation e. Token

d

__________ refers to the variety of observable and unobservable similarities and differences among people. a. Diversity b. Race c. Ethnocentrism d. Ethnicity e. Stereotyping

a

__________are techniques that can help organizations manage diversity. a. Training and mentoring b. Ignoring and avoiding c. Reprimanding and penalizing d. Rewarding and praising e. None of these are correct

a

A business that combines and transforms resources into tangible outcomes that are then sold to others is called a. a manufacturing organization. b. a biotechnology firm. c. an information technology firm. d. a service organization. e. a hybrid organization

a

A defining characteristic of a tiered workforce is __________. a. employees are paid different wages for doing the same types of tasks b. employees are paid the same wages for doing the same type of tasks c. employees who do the same type of tasks work different hours/shifts d. employees who do the same type of tasks work the same hours/shifts e. None of these are correct.

a

All of the following are true about stereotypes EXCEPT that they a. lead to an appreciation of individual differences. b. are based on certain characteristics or traits. c. ignore the specific person. d. are generalizations. e. ignore the current situation

a

Generational groups are categorized by which designations? a. Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials b. Generation T, Seniors, Generation M c. Generation M, Baby Boomers, Generation X d. Seniors, Generation T, Generation M e. None of these are correct

a

Ignoring issues related to diversity can be costly to organizations because it can lead to a. decreased turnover. b. lower productivity. c. an increase in employee lawsuits. d. increased tension among workers. e. None of these are correct.

a

The fact that, consciously or subconsciously, we tend to prefer to associate with others who are like us is called a. the "like me" bias. b. bigotry. c. ethnocentrism. d. perceived threat of loss. e. stereotyping.

a

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which was further amended in 1991, prohibits employee discrimination based on a variety of characteristics. Which of the following is NOT included? a. Sexual orientation b. Race c. Sex d. Religion e. National origin

a

Uncertainty avoidance refers to the extent to which a. workers prefer unambiguous situations. b. workers focus on the future. c. acquisition of money and things is emphasized. d. aggressiveness is emphasized. e. authority is respected.

a

What term refers to employer and employee expectations about the employment relationship that go beyond the formal employment contract? a. Psychological contract b. Informed consent c. Emotional intelligence d. Emotional contract e. Prenuptial agreement

a

Which of the following demonstrates deep-level diversity? a. The Chicago Bulls basketball team is made up of players with a variety of personal values. b. The people who volunteer for the local animal shelter have a wide variety of expertise that they use to help fundraise for the organization. c. The marketing team has five members, but only Gary has a specific job title that he can put on his resume. d. The manufacturing team at Revlon responsible for making and packaging makeup is comprised of people of a variety of ages. e. The Milwaukee Brewers baseball team has players with a variety of nationalities.

a

Which of the following is a basic conclusion drawn from the current research about international management? a. Behavior in organizational settings varies across cultures. b. Behavior in organizational settings does not vary across cultures. c. Organizational structures are typically different across cultures. d. Organizational structures dictate behavior across cultures. e. None of these are correct.

a

Which of the following is an example of surface-level diversity? a. Ethnicity b. Pay differences c. Knowledge d. Work experience e. Personality

a

Which of the following is true about employees working in the same company but in different locations? a. Their behaviors may differ within and across countries. b. Their behaviors will be mostly the same, regardless of their location. c. Their behaviors at work are not important. d. Their behaviors will have little to do with their locations. e. Their behaviors will be the same among employees within the same country but may differ among employees in different countries.

a

__________ diversity exists within a group when there are differences in a certain type or category, including group members' expertise, knowledge, or functional background. a. Variety b. Disparity c. Separation d. Ethnocentrism e. Token

a

If an organization's managers show bigotry or prejudice toward a group of employees, what are the potential consequences to the organization? a. There are no consequences to a business that exhibits prejudice or bigotry. b. Financial and legal consequences could result. c. Only legal consequences can result. d. Only financial consequences can result. e. None of these are correct.

b

Which of the following is a component of cultural competence? a. Awareness of one's own cultural worldview b. Attitude toward cultural differences c. Knowledge of different worldviews and cultural practices d. Cross-cultural skills e. All of these are correc

b

Which of the following is an example of deep-level diversity? a. Physical abilities b. Goals c. Age d. Gender e. Ethnicity

b

Which of the following statements does NOT describe individualistic cultures? a. It is important to stand out in the crowd. b. It is important to fit in with the group. c. Tasks are more important than relationships. d. Promotion is based on skills and rules. e. People are more concerned with themselves than with their work groups.

b

Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of information technology? a. It has increased personal communication. b. It has increased a sense of urgency related to decision making. c. It has decreased ethical decision making for managers. d. It has resulted in additional down time for managers. e. It has created inflexible worksites.

b

Which term refers to the degree of anxiety people feel in new situations? a. Decision-making difficulty b. Uncertainty avoidance c. Social anxiety disorder d. Masculinity e. Power distance

b

__________ refers to observable characteristics in people, such as race, age, ethnicity, physical abilities, and gender. a. All-level diversity b. Surface-level diversity c. Deep-level diversity d. Ethnocentrism e. Cultural competence

b

Oversight of a public corporation by its board of directors is referred to as a. board isolation. b. deontological overview. c. corporate governance. d. pricing policy. e. profit maximization.

c

Psychological contracts create __________ promises and obligations between employees and the employer. a. ethical b. unethical c. implicit d. explicit e. absolute

c

The purpose of diversity training is to help employees __________ their biases. a. ignore b. hide c. become aware of d. eliminate e. expand

c

Which of the following is a cultural dimension identified by Hofstede? a. Ethical idealism b. Groupthink c. Power distance d. Workforce diversity e. Consumer behavior

c

Which of the following statements about information technology is NOT true? a. It has resulted in leaner organizations. b. It provides more flexible operations. c. It has provided more down time for employees. d. It has increased collaboration among employees. e. It has improved management processes

c

__________ diversity occurs when there are differences in position or opinion among group members, especially regarding group goals or processes. a. Variety b. Disparity c. Separation d. Surface-level e. Complex

c

__________ diversity refers to differences in the concentration of valuable social assets or resources such as rank, pay, decision-making authority, and status. a. Variety b. Token c. Disparity d. Ethnocentrism e. Separation

c

__________ refers to individual factors that cannot be seen directly, such as goals, values, personalities, decisionmaking styles, knowledge, skills, abilities, and attitudes. a. Surface-level diversity b. All-level diversity c. Deep-level diversity d. Ethnocentrism e. Cultural competence

c

__________ workers are hired because of what they have learned through specialized training. a. Contingent b. Tiered c. Knowledge d. Offshore e. Outsourced

c

A business that transforms resources into an intangible output and creates time or place utility for its customers is called a. a manufacturing organization. b. a biotechnology firm. c. an information technology firm. d. a service organization. e. a hybrid organization

d

A typical characteristic of a knowledge worker's career path is a. the chance to take on substantial management responsibilities. b. more frequent training in management tasks. c. less specialized training. d. compensation equivalent to that available to management. e. freedom from specialized technical work.

d

An organization begins using environmentally friendly cleaning products in all of its corporate offices. This is an example of a. corporate culture. b. corporate governance. c. cultural competence. d. corporate responsibility. e. cross-cultural competence

d

Another term for power distance is a. deontology. b. teleology. c. individualism. d. orientation to authority. e. collectivism.

d

Employees who feel the need to protect their own career prospects by impeding the prospects of others are experiencing a. the "like me" bias. b. prejudices. c. ethnocentrism. d. perceived threat of loss. e. unequal access to organizational networks

d

Masculinity is a dimension of culture that a. gives employees a sense of autonomy. b. refers to the extent to which workers focus on the future. c. enhances organizational effectiveness. d. emphasizes assertiveness. e. refers to the extent to which workers prefer clear situations.

d

Which of the following demonstrates surface-level diversity? a. The Chicago Bulls basketball team is made up of players with a variety of personal values. b. The people who volunteer for the local animal shelter have a wide variety of expertise they use to help fundraise for the organization. c. The marketing team has five members, but only Gary has a specific job title that he can put on his resume. d. The manufacturing team at Revlon responsible for making and packaging makeup is comprised of people of a variety of ages, races, and nationalities. e. The Milwaukee Brewers baseball team has players with a variety of personality traits.

d

Which of the following describes the reverse mentoring technique? a. Pairing a senior employee with a junior employee so that each can learn about a different group in the workforce b. Pairing a senior employee with a junior employee so that both can learn skills from each other c. Pairing a senior employee with a junior employee to transfer the skills of the senior employee to the junior employee d. Pairing a senior employee with a junior employee to transfer the skills of the junior employee to the senior employee e. None of these are correct

d

Which of the following is NOT a benefit experienced by organizations that value diversity? a. Access to more perspectives on a problem b. New perspectives to organizational issues c. Less interpersonal conflict d. Greater homogeneity e. Increased employee performance

d

Which of the following is NOT an example of individualism? a. Valuing personal achievement above the achievement of the group b. Prioritizing individual tasks c. Valuing personal freedom d. Prioritizing the group over self e. A desire to stand out from the crowd

d

Which of the following statements about knowledge workers is NOT true? a. A computer scientist is one example of a knowledge worker. b. Knowledge workers require highly specialized training. c. Compensation is tailored for knowledge workers. d. Knowledge workers do not specifically add value to the organization. e. A video game developer is an example of a knowledge worker.

d

Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe technology? a. Technology is a major driver for organizational change. b. Technology has widespread effects on the behavior of people in the organization. c. Technology provides a competitive advantage. d. Technology combines and transforms resources into outcomes. e. Technology is causing a shift toward a service-based economy.

d

Which term refers to the degree to which people accept as normal an unequal distribution of power? a. Masculinity b. Span of control c. Strength differential d. Orientation to authority e. Privilege difference

d

__________ is important because it helps organizations ensure they are complying with Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. a. Corporate ethics b. Corporate responsibility c. Organizational management d. Diversity management e. None of these are correct

d

All of the following are considered cultural dimensions EXCEPT a. individualism/collectivism. b. uncertainty avoidance. c. power distance. d. masculinity. e. open-mindedness

e

Diversity management involves which of the following? a. Creating fair company policies and practices b. Giving all employees equal access to mentors c. Providing diversity training programs d. Giving all employees equal access to performance feedback e. All of these are correct.

e

Matching senior employees with diverse junior employees so that the employees can learn more about a different group in the workforce is a diversity management technique referred to as a. supervisory mentoring. b. cultural mentoring. c. diversity mentoring. d. generational mentoring. e. reciprocal mentoring.

e

Mismanaging diversity is likely to result in all of the following EXCEPT a. reduced innovation. b. reduced motivation. c. increased absenteeism. d. costly lawsuits. e. reduced turnover.

e

The board of directors in a public corporation is responsible for a. auditing the company's financial statements for accuracy. b. recommending new products and services. c. controlling the day-to-day operations of the firm. d. protecting the company from harsh overseas competition and lower labor costs. e. ensuring decisions by senior managers are in the best interests of the shareholders

e

The ethnic and cultural mix of the U.S. workforce is a. unchanging. b. becoming more homogenous. c. insignificant to organizations. d. unobservable. e. changing.

e