Basic Mechanics

how many joules is 1 newton of force moving through a distance of 1 meter?

1

If 1000 Joules are used every second the the electric power is

1 Kilowat

one calorie is the amount of heat energy it takes to raise the temp of

1 gram of water 1 degree C

If 1 joule of electrical energy is used every second then the electric power is

1 watt

One horsepower is equal to

1.415 Btu Heat Power

kinetic energy =

1/2 x mass x speed squared

one calorie equals

4.186 joules

1 horsepower equals

746 watts

1 BTU of heat energy =

778 ft-lb of mechanical energy

Any change in velocity is called

Acceleration

Because a force has both size and direction it can be represented with an...

Arrow (length of the arrow stands for the size of the force)

What type of distortion is a combination of stretching and compressing?

Bending

The inability for an object to recover from a compressive impact is

Brittleness

All responding forces are due to the forces of...

Cohesion

What is the force of attraction?

Cohesion

what gives materials strength, rigidity, and endurance?

Cohesion

what type of instruments are used to measure force?

Comparing instruments

Hooke's law applied Distortion types include...

Compressing, bending, twisting, and shearing.

What is simplest way to describe motion? (an object moved from here to there)

Displacement

What are three ways motion can be described?

Displacement, Speed, and Velocity

comparing instruments work by using one of the observable effects of a force?

Distortion

The amount of energy put in with the amount of work actually accomplished is

Efficiency

Efficiency = work output / work input x 100

Efficiency formula

What is the limiting force called when applied force exceeds a certain limit and is permanently distorted?

Elastic limit

After a force is applied and distorts an object, cohesive forces pull it back together. The ability to snap back to its original shape is called...

Elastiticity

What is determined by how much electrical energy is used per second or per minute?

Electrical power

What is the law of conservation of energy?

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

What is Hooke's law?

For forces less than the elastic limit, the amount of distortion produced on an object is proportional to the force applied to it.

What can be explained by feeling or seeing its effects by an objects distortion or its motion is changed?

Force

A change in velocity is evidence that a..

Force has been applied

A source of ( ) is the expansion of confined material when they get hot?

Forces

When a moving object collides with another object what happens?

Forces are produced

f = p x A

Formula to find total force once pressure and area are known

Btu per second and Btu per hour represent

Heat Power

What is the tendency of all objects at rest to stay at rest, and of all objects in motion to stay in motion in straight line?

Inertia (The first law of motion)

What are the 2 forms of mechanical energy?

Kinetic and Potential

Total Energy In = Useful Work Out plus Heat (friction)

Law of Conservation of energy

3 words in mechanics that cannot be simplified

Length, Time, Force

What is measured inertia?

Mass

Larger amounts of metric work are measured in

Newton-meters (also known as Joules)

What type of forces are simply forces acting at a 90 degree angle to a surface?

Normal forces

How many units of work are accomplished in a unit of time?

Power

What is the rate of doing work or using energy?

Power

What term is used in considering a fluids ability to distribute force? What two measurements is it derived from?

Pressure. Force and Area

Steam engines, gasoline engines, diesel engines are all examples of

Prime Movers

devices that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy are called

Prime movers

What words mean the same as force?

Push or Pull

If you push on an object, it always....

Pushes back at you with an equal force, but in the opposite direction

Forces of containment and friction are what type of forces?

Response forces are called...

Pushing a magazine on top of a stack which drags magazines below it is a way to see

Shear distortion

If "from here to there" is 100 feet and it took 50 seconds for the displacement to occur, the ( ) was about 2 feet per second

Speed

What is the amount of displacement per unit of time?

Speed

What is the term to describe how fast an object moved from one point to another?

Speed

Friction forces arise when you move an object across a...

Surface or through a fluid

Hooke's Law applied to stretching is also called.....

Tension

What is a BTU?

The amount of heat required to raise 1 pound of water 1 degree F

The expansion of material as they get hot is called?

Thermal expansion

what is a force measurement taken at an angle of 90 deg to its direction of application?

Torque (like torque wrench)

T = f x r

Torque = force x radius

Twisting distortion is also known as

Torsion

Twisting on a rubber hose lets you feel what type of distortion?

Torsion

What type of distortion occurs when one end of a rod or cylinder is held rigid and the other end is rotated?

Twisting

Newton law of motion added what to update the original?

Unless acted upon by some external force

The arrow symbol to represent a force is called a

Vector

What is the term for direction of movement?

Velocity

What is gravitational force called?

Weight

In order for ( ) to be done, there must be movement

Work

Torque can be measured without any movement taking place. ( ) requires movement along some distance in order for it to be measured

Work

Whenever a force moves through a distance, ( ) is accomplished

Work

a=F/m F = ma

a = acceleration F = applied force m = mass

For any given object, the larger the applied force, the more the object will be

accelerated

What do you use to measure atmospheric pressure?

barometer

Comparing instruments work by

comparing a given force with the pull of the earth

What is the ability to do work?

energy

Newton third law says that for every action force, an ( ) and ( ) reaction force is produced

equal and opposite

What do you get if 1 lb of force moves through a distance of 1 ft?

foot pound

Work is the product of

force * distance

Units for measuring work combine a unit of ( ) and a unit of ( )

force and distance

Pressure is ( ) per unit of ( )

force, area

P = force/area

formula for pressure

Most work overcomes ( ) and ( )

friction and gravity

Power is measured in

ft-lb/min and ft-lb/sec

small metric quantities of work are measured in

gram-centimeters

Multiplying 550 ft-lb by 60 seconds is

horsepower

Newtons second law of motion gives measurement to what?

inertia

In the metric system, if the force is a weight, you will see it measured in ( ) or ( ) units

kilograms or grams

What is energy of motion?

kinetic energy

The ( ) the mass of an object, the ( ) the acceleration it receives from a specific applied force

larger, smaller

What are the 3 types of motion?

linear, rotary, and reciprocating

In order to do work, energy must create a force, and that force must produce

motion

When a force is perpendicular to a surface, it is said to be ( ) to the surface

normal

You cannot produce a force unless you have a...?

opposite force to push against.

What is stored energy?

potential energy

Force is measured in ( ) or ( ) units

pounds and newtons

The formula for calculating power is

power (in watts) = work (in joules)/time (in seconds)

What type of motion can be either linear or rotary?

reciprocating

The ability for an object to recover from a compressive impact is called

resilience

Reciprocating motion occurring through only a fraction of a circle, less than 90 degrees, is called

rocker motion

Compression is the opposite of

stretching or tension

What is the product of mass times acceleration?

weight