Behavior Problem of Children Exam 2

An adolescent is often unlikely to report maltreatment because of:

-a close relationship with the perpetrator. -fear of retaliation. -fear of loss of control. -ALL OF THE ABOVE

Which of the following have been identified as early precursors of autism spectrum disorder?

-deficits in eye contact -atypical sensorimotor development -reduced social interest -ALL OF THE ABOVE

Researchers who study oppositionality in children have found that three salient dimensions differ in terms of:

-developmental pathways -treatment -etiology --ALL OF THESE

Which of the following is an element of trauma that affects the potential impact on a child's adjustment to trauma?

-frequency of exposure -duration of exposure -type of incident -ALL OF THE ABOVE

Which of the following would be considered exclusionary factors for the identification of a specific learning disorder?

-frequent absences from school due to chronic illness -intellectual disability disorder -poverty -All of these

It can be assumed from the discussion on interventions for children with ODD or CD that in order to be effective, interventions should include which of the following?

-inclusive of all of a child's environment -a strong parental component -based on early identification -ALL OF THE ABOVE

Which of the following parents would most at risk for maltreating their child?

35-year-old Adrienne who was raised in a single parent home.

Proponents of the coercion model would agree with which of the following statements regarding how and why maladaptive behaviors continue over time in children with oppositional defiant disorder?

A child who is rejected by their peers is more likely to associate with peers who have similar maladaptive behaviors, therefore reinforcing these behaviors.

Which of the following factors related to prosocial behavior and definitions are INCORRECTLY matched?

Age: impact of parental age on parent-child relationship

Alex is a 9-year-old who has recently been diagnosed with a specific learning disorder in reading. Which of the following statements is most likely true about Alex?

All of these statements are likely true about Alex.

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding physical and nonphysical aggression in boys and girls?

Boys and girls both engage in physical and nonphysical aggression but at different rates and intensity.

According to the authors of this text, children with ASD are often most impaired by which aspect of this disorder?

Difficulty with social communication, interactions, and relationships

The developmental cascade model would support all except which of the following statements ?

Each adverse condition that a child experiences creates a cumulative effect which builds on past events and risk factors.

One of the goals of early assessment and identification of children with oppositional behaviors is based on which assumption?

Early intervention is effective as it may prevent certain behaviors from becoming ingrained in a child's behavior.

According to research, who of the following is more at risk to be a victim of bullying?

Eric, a 15-year-old male who is gay and has a learning disorder

Joshua is a 14-year-old child with Down syndrome. If he is like other children with this syndrome, he is likely to follow which course of development?

It is unlikely that he will accomplish the same developmental skills as same-aged peers even with intense and early intervention.

Katherine was attending school five blocks away from the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. Since that time, she continues to have disturbing nightmares about planes, avoids going close to tall buildings, and talks a lot about the scary things happening in her life. Katherine may be suffering from:

PTSD

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding parental input regarding a possible diagnosis of ASD?

Parents' perceptions of their child's difficulties are often accurate and should be addressed in a timely manner.

The authors of this text would likely agree with which of the following statements regarding the role of stress in an individual's life?

Stress is an evolutionary-based brain response system that still functions to protect an individual in potentially dangerous situations.

Which of the following statements would the authors of your text most likely endorse as it relates to the identification of childhood disorders?

The identification of childhood disorders is important as it aids in research, communication, and continued understanding of how to better treat childhood disorders.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the developmental trajectory of autism spectrum disorder?

The most likely improvement in the developmental trajectory of ASD is in of social and communication domains.

Which of the following intellectual developmental disorders is caused by a microdeletion?

William's Syndrome

It can be inferred from the discussion on intervention in the text that the most effective protocol for treating children with intellectual developmental disorders is:

a comprehensive protocol that focuses on early intervention, is multi-dimensional, and is multi-method.

Vanessa is a 15-year-old whose mother enjoys shopping with her as well as sharing in the latest gossip about Vanessa's friends. She allows Vanessa to come home when she wishes and has little expectations in terms of chores or homework. Their relationship could be an example of which type of the following?

a horizontal relationship

An intellectual developmental disorder is a deficit in intellectual functioning and ____.

adaptive behavior

Dr. Nielsen is describing his research regarding social status of young children measured by peer nomination. His research is likely to involve all of the following categories EXCEPT:

antisocial children

The type of intervention used with ASD that focuses on discrete trials and intensive interactions between the child and an adult is known as

applied behavior analysis

Which of the following factors has been shown to be the most important in recovery from exposure to trauma?

child factors such as a positive attitude and personality

Angelina, began showing signs of defiance, property destruction, and aggression towards her sibling and family pets at 4 years of age. As an adolescent she is continuing to display these behaviors. Which subtype of conduct disorder would most apply to Angelina?

child-onset

Children whose parents address their escalating oppositional behaviors with increasingly punitive responses are more likely over time to engage in problem behaviors in school and other settings. This is one of the tenets of which model?

coercion

Dr. Nelson tells his psychology class that parents who are discipline inconsistently, engage in explosive discipline, provide little supervision, and are inflexible in rules and consequences. Dr. Nelson is likely lecturing on which of these models of ODD?

coercion

Alejandra is dreading her psychology final but is preparing for it by studying sections well ahead of finals week. This is known as _____ regulation.

controlled

Alex was diagnosed in 2nd grade with a learning disorder in reading and math for which he is not receiving effective instruction. According to research Alex is more likely to experience which of the following?

depression

Temple is a 15-year-old high school student who is in advanced placement classes and has been diagnosed with ASD. If she is like other high-functioning adolescents with ASD she is most[d1] likely to also be diagnosed with which of the following disorders?

depression

The most commonly diagnosed disorder associated with maltreatment is:

depressive disorders

When confronted with her abusive stepfather's angry words, young Annabelle retreats to her fantasy world where she is happy and safe. This behavior would be in which family of coping strategies?

escape

Children with ASD often show deficits in planning, memory, impulse control, and an ability to control their attention. This is related to which of the following?

executive functioning

According to Siegler, poverty has a negative impact on intellectual development through all EXCEPT which of the following mechanisms?

exposure to ineffective adult role models

Another name used to describe individuals with mild forms of intellectual disability is _____ intellectual developmental disorder.

familial

Angela is particularly good at learning new mathematical concepts while her mother excels at applying organizational skills to her career as a CEO. Angela is demonstrating the concept of _______ intelligence while her mother is demonstrating the concept of _____.

fluid; crystallized

The observation that children diagnosed with ASD appear obsessed with how things work rather than how people work is an example of what two concepts?

folk physics; folk psychology

The most effective intervention for victims of mass trauma includes all of the following EXCEPT promotion of:

forgiveness

The statement that "genes that influence the development of LDs are generalists" indicates the concept that:

genes that cause learning disorders impact a variety of cognitive processes.

Dr. Jordan's research focuses on how social communication changes from early childhood to adolescence in children diagnosed with Down syndrome. Her research addresses which of the key issues related to intelligence.

how cognitive and intellectual development changes over time

Many school shooters have spent months developing their violent plans. Which type of aggression does this best represent?

instrumental

Pedro has been diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Based on this diagnosis, he is likely to display all of the following behavioral difficulties EXCEPT:

lack of empathy

Nine-month-old Andrew looks intently as his older brother as he talks to him. In response he coos and babbles, as if having a conversation with his brother. Andrew is demonstrating an important social learning task that exemplifies _____.

learning from others

Autism spectrum disorder used to include all of the following EXCEPT:

low-functioning autism

One of the reasons it is difficult to study the developmental course of maltreatment is that:

maltreatment may be only one of several risk factors in a child's life.

Ten-year-old Oliver and his family lost their home and possessions in a flood that also affected the majority of the families in their community. This is known as the _____ effect.

mass trauma

Dr. Schwiesow, a school psychologist, is trained to evaluate young children who may have intellectual developmental disorders. Her standard assessments most likely include all EXCEPT which of the following?

measures of neurobiological functioning

Rene and Michele's young son has just been diagnosed with ASD. What would be the best source of intervention information for them to consider?

mental health professional who specialize in ASD

Andrea is a 13-year-old who requires some supervision and assistance with bathing and dressing; however, she is learning to prepare her own snacks and fold her own laundry. It is most likely that Andrea's level of intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior is in the _________ level.

mild to moderate

Dr. Smith is investigating the link between a specific neuron and a child with ASD's deficits in imitating others. What is the name of this neuron?

mirror

Researchers have found that toddlers diagnosed with ASD show a "striking imbalance" in their lack of engagement with people and enhanced engagement with _______.

objects

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is more likely to occur if a child experiences all of the following EXCEPT:

overhearing another child talking about a traumatic experience

Children who encourage each other to act in socially deviant ways have likely been encouraged to do so by which of the following processes?

peer contagion

Researchers have found that children may be most vulnerable to the affects of trauma at times when their brains are undergoing critical periods of formation and development. This finding is most consistent with which domain of development?

physiologial

Dr. Vance is lecturing to his medical students about the evidence that children with conduct disorders are more likely to have low levels of physiological arousal, are hyperactive to threats associated with anger and have blunted sensitivity to negative consequences. Dr. Vance's lecture is addressing which factors associated with etiology of CD?

physiological

Tyler, a 5-year-old with ASD, has a fascination with anything to do with trains and if allowed to would spend hours lining up his trains in his room. This is an example of what characteristic of ASD?

restricted and repetitive behaviors

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the role of maltreatment in childhood psychopathology? Maltreatment is a:

risk factor that may lead to a variety of maladaptive behaviors which may meet the criteria for a mental health disorder.

The most accurate definition of sexual abuse is which of the following:

sexual contact or attempted sexual contact between a teacher and a high school student

According to the DSM-5 criteria, a child with autism spectrum disorder must display deficits in which areas?

social and communication skills; behaviors and interests

A child with autism is less likely to be able to distinguish between what is socially important and what is not when compared to typically developing peers. This is known as a child's:

social cognition

Five-year-old Bethany enters to the room and promptly sits on the school psychologist's lap without acknowledging her. This is an example of Bethany's ability to differentiate what is social and nonsocial and is known as _____.

social cognition

Which of the following statements best summarizes the Gottfredson's (1997) premise related to intelligence? Intelligence is primarily reflected in an individuals' ability to

think creatively and productively when introduced to unique situations.

Which of the following type of stress responses is the result of prolonged exposure to stress resulting in permanent changes in brain structure and brain?

toxic stress