bib lit

How is the noncanonical Epistle of Barnabas characterized by historians?

. As a treatise about the true nature of Judaism.

Women's roles in the church may have become curtailed as churches:

. Grew in size and became more public.

According to the Didache, the best way to baptize is:

. In cold running water

In the judicial model, Jesus' death:

. Is a payment for the sins of others.

The book of James says that people are:

. Justified by works

First Enoch, 2 Baruch, and 4 Ezra are:

. Noncanonical Jewish apocalypses.

The first apocalypticist to write an apocalypse was:

. The author of Daniel.

According to the participationist model, sin is:

A cosmic power that enslaves people.

The participationist model envisions Jesus' death and resurrection as:

A defeat of the power of sin and death.

The Corinthian community was made up of:

A mix of poor and wealthy people.

First Clement was considered by some Christians to be:

A part of the New Testament.

One of the central concerns in the Pastoral epistles is:

Administration of the church

Who would prosper if Jesus' apostolic message of fortune reversal, "the last will be first and the first last," came true?

All of the above.

Why did the Gnostics claim Paul as their ultimate authority?

Because Paul referred to "mysteries" in the gospel that were "hidden" and only available to those who were "mature," just as the Gnostics did.

According to the Epistle of Barnabas, most of the Old Testament is:

Best understood allegorically

In the Acts of Paul, Paul's central message is:

Celibacy

Paul wrote to the Corinthians that the only thing that mattered to him was:

Christ crucified.

The primary point of Hebrews was to show that:

Christianity is superior to Judaism..

Governors in the Roman provinces had all of the following responsibilities except:

Christians committed deicide..

The primary concern of The Shepherd of Hermas is:

Christians who have sinned after baptism.

Apostolic succession means that:

Churches could trace their clergy back to an apostle..

The Apocalypse of Peter

Describes a tour of heaven and hell.

What two words in the English language are translations of the same Greek root, pist-?

Faith and believe

Which of the following books is definitely not pseudonymous?

First Corinthians

Paul calls Junia:

Foremost among the apostles.

According to the original text of Romans 16:7, how was Paul related to Andronicus and Junica?

Inadequate

The harsh words found in 1 Corinthians 14:34-35 were probably:

Inserted by a scribe at a later date.

The letter written by Jude is filled with:

Invective and name calling

The epistle of James:

Is a collection of pieces of good advice.

Galatians is unique among the undisputed Pauline letters because:

It contains no thanksgiving..

Romans is unique among the Pauline letters because:

It is written to a community Paul did not found..

Which of the following books seems to stand as a correction to a misunderstanding of Paul's teaching on justification by faith?

James

Colossians appears to oppose:

Jewish mysticism

Some Gnostic groups were known to have had women serve as:

Leaders

According to both Jesus and Paul, how can the Law be summed up?

Love one another..

Why did Paul write a letter to the Romans?

No one knows for sure; however, Paul did have some purpose in trying to convince them that his message was authentic

Did Paul teach that total sexual abstinence was necessary?

No. Paul said that it was desirable for the sake of the gospel, but that sex was acceptable for married couples..

How unique are the ethical exhortations in the book of James?

Not very unique at all

According to Paul, one problem with misunderstanding the resurrection is:

People overlook the danger of sin..

Of the two main kinds of ancient apocalyptic literature, the "historical sketch" type has the prophet/author:

Receive a symbolic vision of the future course of human history

In order to remain free from oppressive public and private restrictions, many women:

Remained unmarried or left their marriages.

First Timothy makes Jesus' words authoritative by:

Setting them next to Jewish Scripture.

What was the growth rate of Christianity in its early years?

Steady at 40 percent per decade.

The "superapostles" did all of the following except:

Support Paul

Of the two main kinds of ancient apocalyptic literature, the "heavenly journey" type has the prophet/author:

Taken on a heavenly tour by an angelic companion.

Many churches probably developed a hierarchy of leadership because:

The apostles had died and the churches no longer had leadership..

Scholars question the authorship of Colossians because:

The author thinks that Christians already participate in Christ's resurrection..

Revelation 22:18-19 delivers a threat to:

The copyists

What socioeconomic strata did the majority of early Christians come from?

The lower classes.

What does James mean when he says that those who fail to do good works, or deeds, have a faith that is "dead"?

Their faith is not authentic

In the churches that Paul founded, all of the following were true except:

There was one man who was in charge

The Christians in Corinth appear to have believed that:

They already enjoyed the full benefits of salvation..

All of the following are true about the Pastoral epistles except that:

They are addressed to church communities..

According to Paul's letter to the Romans, which statement concerning both Jews and Gentiles is not true?

They both can be made right with God by being circumcised, being baptized, and obeying the Law..

One way that the epistle of James and the Didache are similar is:

They both contain parallels from the Sermon on the Mount..

For what reason might Christian women in the first century have disliked the institution of marriage?

They did not want to be subordinates, compelled by law and custom to serve the desires and dictates of their husbands..

Which of the following is pseudonymous?

Third Corinthians

The primary reason Paul wrote to the Galatians was:

To insist that they must not convert to Judaism.

One way Paul argued against his Galatian opponents was:

To point out that the apostles agreed with him.

Who were the "twelve tribes in the Dispersion" in the book of James?

Unnamed Christians living outside Palestine.

Hebrews was probably written in order to:

Urge Christians not to leave the faith.

Paul taught the Corinthians that the resurrected body:

Was an actual body but transformed

When was the first imperial episode of Christian persecution?

When Nero falsely accused Christians of starting the fire that leveled Rome.

Romans states that a person is not justified by:

Works of the Law

In the book of Revelation, Christ is depicted in all of the following ways except as:

a high priest

In Nero's persecution of Christianity, Christians were accused of:

arson

The worst insult that pagans used against Christians was considered to be:

atheist

Barnabas utilized the allegorical method of Scripture interpretation to _______________ Judaism.

attack

What was the rite of initiation into Christianity that was considered a participation in Jesus' victory over death?

baptism

In what church has the author of 1 Clement learned that there was a "vile and profane faction"?

cornith

Which of the following is an apocalypse in the Hebrew Bible?

daniel

In Paul's letter to the Romans, he calls Phoebe:

deacon

The power of sin is related to the power of:

death

Which book of the New Testament mentions the word "suffering" more than any other?

first peter

How long was the letter by Polycarp to the Philippians, which contained over one hundred quotations?

five pages

Paul wrote at least __________ letters to Corinth.

four

Which book shows that some may have interpreted Paul as meaning that good works don't matter?

james

First Peter was probably written:

late first century

Who was called "the first-born of Satan" by Polycarp?

marcion

Who accused the Jews of deicide, of killing God?

melito

Even though the master-slave relationship was allowed to continue outside of church, within the church slaves were to be treated _________________ than their masters.

no differently

The theme of shadow and reality in the epistle to the Hebrews is most similar to views expressed by:

plato

First Peter claims to have been written in Babylon, a code word for:

rome

What was "Babylon" a code word for?

rome

What was the "great city" referred to in Revelation that was built on seven hills and ruled the world in John's day?

rome

Onesimus was:

slave

Philo of Alexandria used the allegorical method of Scripture interpretation to ___________ Judaism.

support

What part of the human body does James say needs the most controlling?

tongue