bild 1 practice mc

movement of solutes across a plasma membrane requiring the addition of energy a. active transport b. osmosis c. facilitated diffusion d. plasmolysis/hypertonic

a. active transport

a smooth endoplasmic reticulum exhibits all of the following actives except: a. assembling amino acids to make proteins b. manufacturing lipids c. manufacturing hormones d. breaking down toxins e. breaking down toxic cellular-by-products

a. assembling amino acids to make proteins Ribosomes assemble amino acids into proteins. Such activity wouldbe found associated with rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Porkaryotic and eukaryotic cells share which of the following features? a. a plasma membrane b. complex flagella (9+2) c. membrane bound organelles d. a membrane bound nucleus e. linear chromosomes made of dan and protein

a. plasma membrane

all of the following are carbohydrates except: a. polypeptide b. chitin c. Amylase d. glucose e. polysaccharide

a. polypeptide A polypeptide is a protein. Amylose is a starch and, therefore, a carbohydrate.

which of the following cellular structures are common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes? a. ribosomes b. nucleoli c. chloroplasts d. mitochondria e. Golgi bodies

a. ribosomes

when he concentration of solutes differs on the two sides of a membrane permeable only to water a. water will move across the membrane by osmosis b. water will move across the membrane by active transport c. water will move across the membrane by plasmolysis d. water will move across the membrane by facilitated diffusion e. solutes will move across the membrane from the region of higher concentration to the region of lower concentration

a. water will move across the membrane by osmosis

which of the following could be identifies by the presence of ribosomes, simple flagella, and a cell wall, along with the absence of membrane bound organelles? a. an amoeba b. a bacterium c. a muscle cell d. an algae e. a virus

b. a bacterium

all of the following are important characteristics of water in biology except: a. cohesion provides surface tension b. it is a Nonpolar solvent c. it is a medium for couples chemical reactions in organisms d.it has a high specific heat that stabilizes ambient temperature e. it expands when frozen

b. it is a Nonpolar solvent

movement of water across a membrane from a region of higher concentration of water to a region of lower concentration of water without the end of proteins a. active transport b. osmosis c. facilitated diffusion d. plasmolysis/hypertonic

b. osmosis

starch and glycogen are similar in that both are a. water soluble, simple sugars b. polymers of glucose c. intermediate products in the herbs cycle d. products of synthesis in plant cells e. structural components of connective tissue fibers

b. polymers of glucose

which of the following organelles translates the DNA code into proteins? a. chloroplasts b. ribosome c. lysosome d. nucleolus e. vacuole

b. ribosome

the bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a portion of a protein chain involves a. the addition of water h2o molecule b. the release of a water h20 molecule c. the addition of water nitrogen atom d. the release of a carbon dioxide molecule e. an increase in activation energy

b. the release of a water h20 molecule

mitochondria a. are found only in animal cells b. produce energy (ATP) with aid of sunlight c. are often more numerous near areas of major cellular activity d. originate from centrioles e. are microtubule organizing centers

c. are often more numerous near areas of major cellular activity

movement of solutes across a plasma membrane from a region of higher solute concentration to a region of lower solute concentration with the aid of proteins a. active transport b. osmosis c. facilitated diffusion d. plasmolysis/hypertonic

c. facilitated diffusion

the plasma membrane consists principally of a. proteins embedded in a carbohydrate bilayer b. phospholipids embedded in a protein bilayer c. proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer d. proteins embedded in a nucleic acid bilayer e. proteins embedded in a polymer of glucose molecules

c. proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer

which of the following has a cell wall? a. animal cell b. plant cell c. some bacteria d. B and C e. A and B

d. B and C

The movement of molecules during diffusion can be described by all of the following EXCEPT: a. Molecular movements are random. b. Net movement of solute molecules is from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. c. Each molecule moves independently of other molecules. d. Solute molecules always move down the concentration gradient. e. Net movement of gas molecules is from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

d. Solute molecules always move down the concentration gradient.

ATP synthesis occurs in which of the following types of structures? a. mitochondria b. lysosomes e. chloroplasts c. mitochondria only d. mitochondria and chloroplasts

d. mitochondria and chloroplasts

plant and animal cells differ mostly in that a. only animal cells have mitochondria b. only animal cells have flagella and cilia with a '9+2' microtubule arrangement c. only plant cells have plasma membranes with cholesterol d. only plant cells have cell walls e. only plant cells have ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum

d. only plant cells have cell walls Animal cells, not plant cells, have plasma membranes that contain cholesterol. Both animals and plants have cells with mitochondria and have ribosomes attached to ER. The flagella of all eukaryotic cells (including a few plant groups such as ferns and mosses) contain microtubules with the 9+2 arrangement.

which of the following molecules orient themselves into sandwich like membranes because of hydrophobic components within the molecule? a. amylase b. glycogen c. cellulose d. phospholipids e. proteins

d. phospholipids Phospholipids are composed of glycerol molecules bonded to two fatty acids and one phosphate group. The phosphate group is a hydrophilic "head" and the long hydrocarbon chains of fattyacids are hydrophobic "tails." In cell membranes, phospholipids orient themselves into two layers, with the hydrophobic tails pointing to the inside of the "sandwich."

movement if water out of a cell resulting in the collapse of the plasma membrane a. active transport b. osmosis c. facilitated diffusion d. plasmolysis/hypertonic

d. plasmolysis/ hypertonic If the solute concentration is higher outside than inside the cell, water moves out of the cell (by osmosis),resulting in the collapse of the cell.

hydrophilic properties are characteristic of all of the following except: a. polar molecules b. molecules soluble in water c. molecules that readily ionize in water d. the long hydrocarbon chain components of some molecules

d. the long hydrocarbon chain component of some molecules Long hydrocarbon chains are nonpolar and, therefore, hydrophobic. Anypolar molecule (or polar group of atoms like the hydroxyl group) is hydrophilic. When a substance ionizes in water, it dissolves; thus, it is hydrophilic.

all of the following characterize microtubules except: a. they are made of protein tubulin b. they are involved in providing mobility c. they are organized by basal bodies or centrioles d. they develop from the plasma membrane e. they make up the spindle apparatus observed during cell division

d. they develop from the plasma membrane Microtubules originate from basal bodies or centrioles (microtubule organizing centers, or MTOCs), not from the plasma membrane

which is not a characteristic of proteins? a. can function as enzymes b. contain peptide bonds c. are important in cell signaling d. maybe used as an energy source e. contain nitrogenous bases

e. contain nitrogenous bases

lysosomes are a. involved in the production of fats b. involved in the production of proteins c. involved in the production of polysaccharides d. often found near areas requiring a great deal of energy (ATP) e. involved in the degradation of cellular structures

e. involved in the degradation of cellular substances Fats usually originate from smooth ER; proteins originate from ribosomes or rough ER; polysaccharides have various origins; answer D would be appropriate for mitochondria