Bio 1 Final Hurley
Cytokinesis in animal cells involve contraction of a ring of _____ microfilaments
Actin plus myosin
The sources of genetic variation during meiosis are
Crossing over and the random assortment of material and paternal chromosomes
Plant hormones known as _____ stimulate mitosis
Cytokinins
Charge after Turman that DNA from any source contains about the same amount of guanine as
Cytosine
Which of the following causes unwinding of the DNA double helix
DNA helicase
Which of the following statements about DNA is false
DNA is only found in eukaryotic cells
Okazaki fragments are going together by
DNA ligase
Which of the following adds new nucleotides to a girl and DNA chain
DNA polymerase
The bacteria phages used in Alfred Hershey's and Martha Chase'sexperiment showed that
DNA was injected it into bacteria
Meselson and Stahl separated DNA from different generations using
Density gradient centrifugation
A zygote contains the _____ number of chromosomes
Diploid
The range of phenotypic possibilities that can develop from a certain dog genotype under different environmental conditions is called the
Norm of reaction
The formation of female gametes is termed
Oogenesis
In a human cell in prophase I, there are _____ tetrads
23
A couples first child was a girl with cystic fibrosis. What is the chance that their next child will be normal and male
3/8
If a couple is having three children, what is the probability that they will have two girls and one boy
3/8
Which of the following best describes semi conservative replication
A DNA molecule consists of one parental strand and one new strand
A bacterial chromosome consists of
A circular DNA molecule many times larger than the cell
The physical location of a particular gene on chromosome is called
A locus
The 5 end of each Okazaki fragment begins with
A separate RNA primer
To prevent disastrous consequences, the eukaryotic cell is controlled by
A series of cell cycle checkpoints
During prophase I, each chaisma represents
A site of crossing over
Mating an individual expressing a dominant phenotype, but his genotype is unknown, with an individual expressing the corresponding recessive phenotype is an example of
A test cross
A maternal homologue and paternal homologue synapse to form
A tetrad
Mindel's principle of segregation states that
Alleles separate from each other before forming gametes
During which of the following stages of meiosis dothe sister chromatids separate
Anaphase II
A Barr body in a mammalian female cell represents
And inactive X chromosome
Duplicated centrioles move to opposite poles of a dividing _____ cell during _____ of the cell cycle
Animal; prophase
Two chains of DNA must run in _____ directions and must be _____ if they are to bond with each other
Anti-parallel; complementary
The first experimenters to use Griffith's transformation assay to identify the genetic material were
Avery, McLeod, and McCarty
Why does DNA synthesis only proceed in the 5 to 3 dorection
Because DNA polymerases can only add nucleotides to the three end of a poly nucleotide strand
Cancerous cells differ from non-cancerous cells and that the cancerous cells
Can maintain telomere length as they divide
Cytokinesis and plant cells occurs via the formation of a
Cell plate
In prophase, _____ is compacted into visible chromosomes
Chromatin
If meiosis did not occur and sexually repressed producing organisms, then
Chromosome number would double in each generation
If DNA replication rejoin the two parental strands, it would be termed
Conservative
Mismatch repair occurs when
Enzymes remove incorrectly paired nucleotides
I gene that affects, prevents, or masks the expression of a gene at another locus is what type of gene
Epistatic
Nucleosomes are best described as
Eukaryotic DNA associated with histone proteins
Which of the following events does not occur in prophase II
Formation of chaisma
_____ used x-ray diffraction to provide images of DNA
Franklin
Mature nerve cells become arrested and what phase of the cell cycle
G0 phase
The term true breeding refers to
Genetically pure lines
Animal cells are stimulated to divide by mitosis by
Growth factors
Do you and I promise is the enzyme responsible for
I think short strands of RNA at the site of replication initiation
When certain medium height hybrid plants were crossed, they produce offspring that were doors, medium, and tall in a ratio of 1:2:1. This is this is an example of
Incomplete dominance
The cell cycle of a typical somatic cell consist of _____ and M phase
Interfase
A replication fork
Is a Y shaped structure were both DNA strands are replicated simultaneously
If a cell is in G2
It has twice the amount of DNA present in a telophase nucleus
Which of the following statements concerning nucleotide excision repair is false
It is a type of mismatch repair
Why is DNA able to store large amounts of information
It's nucleotides can be arranged in a large number of possible sequences
The chromosome make up of an individual organism is called a
Karyotype
The kinerochore serves which of the following functions
Kinetochores attach to microtubules during mitosis
The DNA strand that is replicated smoothly and continuously is called the
Leading strand
Eukaryotic chromosomes consist of
Linear DNA molecules complexed with positively charged histone proteins
Genes that tend to be inherited together are said to be
Linked
The principle of independent assortment is not true for
Linked genes
Which of the following statements concerning the cell cycle is false
M-Cdk inhibits mitosis
Sporophyte plants produce spores using
Meiosis
Who first confirm that the replication of DNA was semi conservative
Meselson and Stahl
Chromosomes are condensed to the greatest extent during what phase of mitosis
Metaphase
The mitotic spindle is made of
Microtubules
Gametophyte plants produce gametes using
Mitosis
The _____ is responsible for the separation of the chromosomes during _____ of mitosis
Mitotic spindle; anaphase
A particular gene that controls the coat color and peas also determines the susceptibility of these pieces to it particular disease. The situation is referred to as
Pleiotropy
_____ refers to multiple independent pairs of jeans having similar and additive effects on the same characteristic
Polygenic inheritance
During which phase this crossing over occur
Prophase I
Homologous chromosomes undergo synapsis during
Prophase I
Chromosomes are duplicated during what phase of the cell cycle
S-phase
Nucleosome's are organized into large coiled loops held together by
Scaffolding proteins
Which of the following events does not occur in meiosis I
Separation of sister chromatids
The sex of most mammals, birds, and insects is determined by
Sex chromosomes
And replication, once the DNA strands have been separated, reformation of the double helix is prevented by
Single-strand binding proteins
_____ contain identical DNA sequences and are held together by _____ during mitosis
Sister chromatids; centromeres
The information carried by DNA is incorporated in the code specified by the
Specific nucleotide sequence of DNA molecule
The two molecules that alternate to form the backbone of a polynucleotide chain are
Sugar and phosphate
In DNA replication, the lagging strand
Synthesize as a series of Okazaki fragments
The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes can be lengthened by
Telomerase
_____, The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, shorten with every cell replication event
Telomeres
If the sale is dividing by binary fission then you know that
The cell is prokaryotic
One culture normal human cells were infected with a virus that carried the jeans that code for his subunit of telomerase
The cells under one more cell divisions the normal
I cell is in metaphase if
The chromosomes are aligned in the middle of the cell
How was the chromosome of a bacterial cell replicated
The circular DNA molecules replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally
The probability that two genes will be separated by crossing over is related to
The distance between the two genes on the chromosome
X-ray diffraction studies are used to determine
The distances between atoms of molecules
All of the following events occur during Prometaphase except
The duplicated chromosomes become visible with the light microscope
The main reason that scientist all the proteins rather than be a night where the carriers of genetic material in the cell was
The large number of possible amino acid combinations
How are the chromosomes of a eukaryotic cell replicated
The linear DNA molecules are replicated for multiple origins of replication bidirectionally
When a DNA molecule containing a wrong base at one location and one strand is replicated
The mutation is copied into one of the two daughter molecules
The final product of DNA replication is
To DNA molecules, each of which contain one new and one old DNA strand
What is the function of nucleosomes?
To prevent DNA strands from tangling
Enzymes called _____ form breaks in the DNA molecules to prevent the formation of knots in the DNA helix during replication
Topoisomerases
A diploid individual has a maximum of _____ different alleles for a particular locus
Two
Calico cats are never male because
Two different X chromosomes are needed for the expression of the calico phenotype what
In genetics, map units express the distance between
Two loci on a chromosome
What is best used to demonstrate the linkage of two genes
Two point test cross
And the experiments of Griffith, the conversation of nonlethal R strain bacteria to lethal S strain bacteria
Was an example of the genetic exchange known as transformation
X-ray crystallography show that DNA
Was at helix
_____ determine the structure of the molecule DNA
Watson and Crick
Which of the following are not produced by meiosis
Zagotes