BIO 100 Final

Which one of the following statements regarding genetic recombination is false? Genetic recombination results from random fertilization. Genetic recombination occurs during all forms of cell division. Genetic recombination is a product of sexual reproduction. Genetic recombination is increased by crossing over events that occur during prophase I. Genetic recombination results from independent assortment of chromosomes during metaphase I.

Genetic recombination occurs during all forms of cell division.

An explorer found an organism that had roots, stems, and leaves. It had no flowers but produced seeds. This organism is most likely a(n) Bryophyte Fern Angiosperm Gymnosperm

Gymnosperm

While walking around campus, you notice that hummingbirds often visit red flowers. You wonder why hummingbirds often visit red flowers. You think that perhaps hummingbirds prefer red flowers to flowers of other colors. You conduct an experiment in which you give hummingbirds the choice of visiting a red flower, a white flower, or a yellow flower, to see which they prefer. Note: the red flower, white flower, and yellow flower must differ only in color for this experiment to work. In the scenario above, which represents an observation? : Hummingbirds prefer red flowers to flowers of other colors. If hummingbirds prefer red flowers, then they will choose to visit a red flower over a white flower or a yellow flower. Hummingbirds often visit red flowers. Why do hummingbirds often visit red flowers?

Hummingbirds often visit red flowers.

While walking around campus, you notice that hummingbirds often visit red flowers. You wonder why hummingbirds often visit red flowers. You think that perhaps hummingbirds prefer red flowers to flowers of other colors. You conduct an experiment in which you give hummingbirds the choice of visiting a red flower, a white flower, or a yellow flower, to see which they prefer. Note: the red flower, white flower, and yellow flower must differ only in color for this experiment to work. In the scenario above, which represents a prediction? : If hummingbirds prefer red flowers, then they will choose to visit a red flower over a white flower or a yellow flower. Hummingbirds prefer red flowers to flowers of other colors. Why do hummingbirds often visit red flowers? Hummingbirds often visit red flowers.

If hummingbirds prefer red flowers, then they will choose to visit a red flower over a white flower or a yellow flower.

Which of the following is not necessary for natural selection to occur? There is a struggle for existence among individuals. Variation has a genetic basis. Individuals in the population vary. Individuals need to have several opportunities to reproduce. There are differences in Darwinian fitness among individuals.

Individuals need to have several opportunities to reproduce.

Which of the following is not considered a form of asexual reproduction? Vegetative propagation Budding Parthenogenesis Binary fission Induced ovulation

Induced ovulation

The process during which females choose the best male to mate with is Intrasexual selection Disruptive selection Stabilizing selection Intersexual selection Females do not have any choice over which male she mates with.

Intersexual selection

Life can be defined by a set of properties. Which of the following is NOT one of those properties? Reproduces Grows and develops Interacts with the environment Is random and unorganized Has a metabolism Evolves

Is random and unorganized

Which of the following statements is false regarding infanticide? It is a form of male competition. It is a good example of how evolution occurs for the good of the species. It is a way for some males to increase their Darwinian fitness. It is the killing of young that are not your own.

It is a good example of how evolution occurs for the good of the species.

Which of the following statements about a gene is false? It is always expressed in the individual carrying it. It is a particular sequence of nucleotides found in a particular location along the molecule of DNA. It contains the directions for the manufacture of a particular protein. It can exist in alternative forms.

It is always expressed in the individual carrying it.

Which of the following statements about a gene is false? It contains the directions for the manufacture of a particular protein. It is copied during transcription. It is a particular sequence of nucleotides found in a particular location along the molecule of DNA. It can exist in alternative forms. It is always expressed in the individual who has it.

It is always expressed in the individual who has it.

Which of the following statements about combat is true? It plays an important role in allopatric speciation. It occurs as a type of intersexual selection It is one of the lines of evidence that supports our understanding of evolution. It occurs as a type of intrasexual selection.

It occurs as a type of intrasexual selection.

Which of the following statements about polygenic inheritance is false? It produces phenotypes that tend to vary along a continuum. It tends to affect males much more than females. It occurs when many genes influence a characteristic. It works when the effects of many genes add together to produce a particular phenotype.

It tends to affect males much more than females.

Which of the following statements about single trait, multiple gene inheritance is false? It is also called polygenic inheritance. It produces phenotypes that tend to vary along a continuum. It tends to affect males much more than females. It occurs when many genes influence one characteristic. It works when the effects of many genes add together to produce a particular phenotype.

It tends to affect males much more than females.

Which of the following is false regarding the amniotic egg? It is a self-contained system that has little dependence on external moisture. It first appeared in reptiles. Its appearance required the evolution of parental care. Its appearance allowed the organisms that produced them to more completely invade terrestrial environments. It has 3 extra embryonic membranes (amnion, chorion, and allantois) not found in the eggs of fish or amphibians.

Its appearance required the evolution of parental care.

Which of the following statements is false? Males tend to have greater parental investment than females. The dominant male is the one that usually has the highest reproductive success. Differences in parental investment typically lead to the evolution of males that are competitive. Differences in parental investment typically lead to the evolution of females that are choosy in their selection of mates. Mating guarding is a strategy that may evolve as a result of sperm competition.

Males tend to have greater parental investment than females.

Which of the following statements regarding the function of molecules embedded in a membrane is false? Membrane molecules form junctions between cells. Membrane molecules transfer DNA to the cytoplasm. Membrane molecules can serve as biological catalysts/enzymes. Membrane molecules act as receptors to other molecules like hormones.

Membrane molecules transfer DNA to the cytoplasm.

Which of the following terms refers to a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA? Replication Non-disjunction Translation Pleiotropy Mutation

Mutation

While wading in the ocean, you look down into the water and notice an umbrella-shaped, translucent animal. You recognize it as a jellyfish. It floats by, pulsing its body, with long tentacles trailing behind it. One of them brushes your leg. Ouch! You feel a burning, stinging sensation where it touched you. What part or structure of the animal is the most likely culprit for causing the stinging sensation? Poisonous spines Nematocyst Radula Tube feet Teeth

Nematocyst

Which of the following statements about organelles is false? Organelles are found in all types of cells, both eukaryotic and prokaryotic. The appearance of organelles was a huge evolutionary advancement. Organelles are membrane-bound structures found inside a cell. Organelles are where many of the vital metabolic activities occur.

Organelles are found in all types of cells, both eukaryotic and prokaryotic.

Which of the following is not a reason why it's important for populations to maintain a high level of genetic variation? Variation allows populations to better resist diseases. Populations with high variation have greater access to resources. Variation is necessary for natural selection and evolution to occur. Variation is what allows populations to better adjust to changing environments.

Populations with high variation have greater access to resources.

What kind of cell is shown?

Prokaryotic cell

Crossing over occurs during Prophase II of Meiosis II Metaphase II of Meiosis II Prophase I of Meiosis I Anaphase I of Meiosis I

Prophase I of Meiosis I

Which of the following statements about protists is false? No answer text provided. Protists are evolutionarily significant because some forms were the ancestors to the plants, fungi and animals. Protists are evolutionarily significant because they are the dominant life form on the planet. Protists are evolutionarily significant because they were the first eukaryotic organisms to appear.

Protists are evolutionarily significant because they are the dominant life form on the planet.

Which of the following statements about science is false? Science is evidence based. Science and scientific information must be observable. Science is something you can believe in or not. Science works only with testable ideas. Scientific conclusions are always open to revision if new information warrants it.

Science is something you can believe in or not.

The appearance of segmentation was a big evolutionary advance. The first group of animals to have segmentation is the (NOTE: this is NOT a trick question! Do NOT over think it!) Molluscs Vertebrates Segmented worms Flatworms Arthropods

Segmented worms

Which of the following statements regarding speciation is false? All of the statements are true, none of them are false. Speciation is the process largely responsible for the diversity of life on this planet. Speciation is considered to be a microevolutionary event. Most speciation events occur via the allopatric model.

Speciation is considered to be a microevolutionary event.

Which of the following is not part of the abiotic environment? Species richness Yearly rainfall Water chemistry Intensity of sunlight

Species richness

The Monterey pine and the Bishop's pine inhabit some of the same areas of central California. The Monterey pine releases pollen in February, while the Bishop's pine does so in April. This is an example of ________ isolation. Temporal Habitat Physical Geographic Mechanical

Temporal

Which of the following is not an ecosystem good or service? A fish species that we use for food The amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface The trees in a forest that provide wood for building materials Clean water in a watershed

The amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface

Which of the following statements about seeds is true? Without seeds, plants are unable to reproduce. The appearance of the seed meant plants were no longer tied to watery environments for reproduction. seeds require a pollinator to achieve successful dispersal. The seed is the site where pollination occurs.

The appearance of the seed meant plants were no longer tied to watery environments for reproduction.

Which of the following is not a part of the biotic environment? The average temperature during the month of July. All the microorganisms in the environment. The species that is trying to eat the same food as another species. The variety of plants found in the Mojave desert. The dominant species in a community.

The average temperature during the month of July.

A scientist observes that when she opens the back door of her house to let her cat out, the songs of a certain species of bird abruptly change. She wants to follow up on her observations with an informal experiment. Which of the following is the best hypothesis for explaining the birds' song changes? The bird species has a variety of songs that it sings, regardless of what is happening in its environment. The scientist is mistaken and the songs do not change. The bird species switches from song to warning call whenever it sees a potential predator. The act of opening a door causes birds to switch to a different call.

The bird species switches from song to warning call whenever it sees a potential predator.

Which of the following does not occur during Interphase of the Cell Cycle? The cell grows DNA is replicated The cell cytoplasm and its contents divides The cell is metabolically active. It is busy doing its various cellular jobs.

The cell cytoplasm and its contents divides

Which of the following statements regarding the endomembrane system is false? The endomembrane system is involved in the manufacture, storage, and export of important molecules. The endomembrane system is an important component in both prokaryotic and eukayotic cells. The endomembrane system includes the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The endomembrane system includes the Golgi apparatus.

The endomembrane system is an important component in both prokaryotic and eukayotic cells.

Which of the following is generally not included as part of the definition of biodiversity? The evolutionary relationships among the species. The genetic variation within and among the species. The variety of ecosystems those species inhabit. The variety of species in the biosphere.

The evolutionary relationships among the species.

Which of the following statements is true? Mutations typically do not affect the gene pool. In order for evolution to occur, the gene pool must remain static. The gene pool is entire collection of genes and alleles present in a population. Macroevolutionary studies examine changes in the gene pool of a population.

The gene pool is entire collection of genes and alleles present in a population.

From the female's perspective, which of the following does not reflect male quality? The number of females a male has mated with. Providing material benefits such as nuptial gifts. Having bright, flashy feathers. Possessing good genes. Helping take care of the young.

The number of females a male has mated with.

Which of the following statements about invasive species is false? Invasive species' are species not native to a particular area. An invasive species outcompetes local species, often driving the local species towards extinction. The presence or absence of invasive species is a common descriptor of communities Invasive species can be introduced to an area either on purpose or accidentally.

The presence or absence of invasive species is a common descriptor of communities

Which of the following statements is false? There is a lot of variation with respect to how organisms go about reproducing. Sexually reproducing species have a much lower reproductive potential than asexually reproducing species. The red queen hypothesis helps to explain the prevalence of asexually reproducing organisms. Many species with internal fertilization are induced ovulators and require the stimulation of copulation before an egg is released.

The red queen hypothesis helps to explain the prevalence of asexually reproducing organisms.

A population of 1,000 birds exists on a small Pacific island. Some of the birds are yellow, a characteristic determined by a recessive allele. The others are green, a characteristic determined by a dominant allele. A hurricane on the island kills most of the birds from this population. Only ten remain, and those birds all have yellow feathers. Which of the following statements is false? This situation illustrates genetic drift. The ten remaining birds will mate only with each other, and this will contribute to gene flow in the population. No answer text provided. Assuming that no new birds come to the island and no mutations occur, future generations of this population will contain only yellow birds.

The ten remaining birds will mate only with each other, and this will contribute to gene flow in the population.

A dog breeder wishes to develop a breed that does not bark. She starts with a diverse mixture of dogs; some that bark a lot and others that bark very little. For many generations she selects only the quietest dogs and allows them to breed. After 30 years of work she has a new breed of dog with interesting traits, but on average, the dogs continue to bark at about the same rate as other dog breeds. Which of the following would be a logical explanation for her failure? The selection was artificial, not natural, so it did not produce evolutionary change. The tendency to bark is not a heritable trait. She did not breed enough of the frequently barking dogs to obtain the desired result. There is no variation for the trait (barking). There was no selection (differential reproductive success) related to barking behavior.

The tendency to bark is not a heritable trait.

Which of the following statements regarding the allopatric model of speciation is false? It is a model that suggests how speciation can occur. Secondary contact initiates the appearance of biological barriers to reproduction. The first step of the model requires the appearance of a geographic barrier to reproduction. This model requires that all individuals in the population stop breeding.

This model requires that all individuals in the population stop breeding.

Which of the following statement about the trophic structure is false? Trophic structure takes in to account the flow of energy through the system. Trophic structure describes the family structure within a population. Trophic structure describes the feeding relationships among the species found there. Trophic structure can be referred to as a food chain or food web.

Trophic structure describes the family structure within a population.

Which of the following statements about water is false? Water has a high heat of vaporization which allows terrestrial organisms to cool themselves by sweating. Water molecules are cohesive which is important for the upward movement of water in plants. Water has a high specific heat capacity which means it gives off heat quickly. Many substances dissolve easily in water, making it an excellent solvent. Water has a unique density behavior in that solid water is less dense than liquid water.

Water has a high specific heat capacity which means it gives off heat quickly

Microevolution, or evolution at its smallest scale, occurs when a community of organisms changes due to the extinction of several dominant species. a population's allele frequencies change over a span of generations. a geographic area is altered by erosion, volcanic eruptions, or other geological forces. a new species arises from an existing species. an individual develops traits similar to another closely related species.

a population's allele frequencies change over a span of generations.

In a community, which of the following describes a +/- interaction? lichens a prey species and its predator. plants and their pollinators. two different species hunting squirrels at the same in the same place.

a prey species and its predator.

What does a gene code for? an allele a locus a chromosome a protein

a protein

An organism that is able to produce both eggs and sperm at the same time is an induced ovulator a sequential hermaphrodite parthenogenetic. a simulataneous hermaphrodite. ovoviviparous

a simulataneous hermaphrodite.

A hypothesis is: an explanatory idea that is broad in scope and supported by a large body of evidence. a widely accepted idea about a phenomenon. the same as a theory. a testable explanation for a set of observations.

a testable explanation for a set of observations

Echinoderms are uniquely characterized by the presence of many sporangia. a water vascular system. a network of filaments called hyphae. a condition known as heterodonty.

a water vascular system.

Which of the following processes move a solute up a concentration gradient (from lower to higher concentration)? passive transport osmosis active transport facilitated diffusion

active transport

What do we call different versions of a gene? homologous pairs chromosomes alleles proteins

alleles

The phase during meiosis when the sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell is prophase II metaphase I metaphase II telophase I anaphase II

anaphase II

Parental investment is a key component of speciation. the amount a parent spends to send their child to college. the same in both sexes. anything a parent does to increase the probability that its offspring will survive to reproduce.

anything a parent does to increase the probability that its offspring will survive to reproduce.

As organisms evolve over generations, they tend to develop less sophisticated structures. lose their ability to adjust to environmental changes. go extinct more easily. become more complex in structure and function.

become more complex in structure and function.

The increasing concentration of a contaminant, such as DDT or mercury, in the tissues of an organism as it passes up the food chain is called toxicological absorption toxic accumulation biomagnification pollution augmentation

biomagnification

Which of the following processes produces the most ATP per molecule of glucose? cellular respiration All of the choices produce approximately the same amount of ATP per molecule of glucose. lactic acid fermentation alcoholic fermentation

cellular respiration

The pigment that absorbs energy during the light reactions is a ribosome. an organelle. chlorophyll. a biological catalyst.

chlorophyll

The tendency of water molecules to stick together is referred to as: polarity dishesion cohesion transpiration

cohesion

Mitochondria differ from chloroplasts in that mitochondria convert light energy to chemical energy, whereas chloroplasts convert one form of chemical energy to another. contain inner membrane folds called cristae, whereas chloroplasts contain disk-like structures called thylakoids. contain three different membrane-bound inner compartments, whereas chloroplasts contain two. are not found in plants, whereas chloroplasts are not found in animals.

contain inner membrane folds called cristae, whereas chloroplasts contain disk-like structures called thylakoids.

An allele that is always fully expressed in the individual carrying it is: recessive dominant heterozygous homozygous

dominant

Microevolutionary studies focus on how a geographic area is altered by erosion, volcanic eruptions, or other geological forces. how new species arise from existing species. how a community of organisms can change due to the extinction of several dominant species. factors that can cause a population's allele frequencies to change over a span of generations.

factors that can cause a population's allele frequencies to change over a span of generations.

Angiosperms are the dominant plant form on Earth today. This largely due to the evolution of having roots, stems and leaves. cones with seeds vascular tissue flowers and fruits

flowers and fruits

The mature, ripened ovary of a flower is called a Stigma Cone Seed Pollen grain Fruit

fruit

What results from meiosis? alleles chromosomes proteins gametes

gametes

The microevolutionary process that tends to reduce genetic variation within populations is mutation gene flow. sexual selection. genetic drift natural selection.

genetic drift

The scientific name of an organism comes from part of its classification. The scientific name of the wolf is Canis lupus. The Canis refers to the organism's species family genus class

genus

A biological species is defined as a group of organisms whose members have the potential to interbreed and produce fertile offspring group of organisms that share many of the same behaviors group of organisms that share a common ancestor group of organisms that are phenotypically similar and that share a high proportion of genes

group of organisms whose members have the potential to interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Which of the following types of reproductive barriers works to prevent individuals from interbreeding because one prefers to mate in forests where it can hide and the other prefers to mate on open plains where it can see danger approaching? habitat isolation temporal isolation geographic isolation mechanical isolation

habitat isolation

A species that is dioecious has individuals that are either male or female. is able to clone itself. retains the fertilized egg inside the mother where the embryo develops. has both types of reproductive tissue active at the same time.

has individuals that are either male or female.

Climate change is being driven largely by increasing levels of sea ice. nothing. Climate change isn't real. solar flares. increasing levels of greenhouse gases emitted by the burning of fossil fuels.

increasing levels of greenhouse gases emitted by the burning of fossil fuels.

Eukaryotic cells spend most of their cell cycle in which phase? prophase telophase interphase anaphase metaphase

interphase

Male peacocks have large, brightly colored feathers that they display for females during courtship. Females prefer, and choose, to mate with males that have larger, more elaborate feathers. This is an example of intrasexual selection intrasexual choice intersexual choice intersexual selection

intersexual selection

Male platypi possess venomous spines on their thighs that they use for fighting other males. Females do not have these spines. This is a good example of a trait favored by stabilizing selection. disruptive selection. intersexual selection. the y-chromosome. intrasexual selection.

intrasexual selection.

Bryophytes such as mosses differ from all other groups of plants in that they do not produce flowers. have free-swimming sperm. have cones but no seeds. lack a vascular system.

lack a vascular system.

Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which one of the following sequences correctly illustrates that hierarchy as it moves from smallest and simplest to largest and most complex? cell, macromolecule, tissue, organ, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell, macromolecule macromolecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere biosphere, ecosystem, population, community, organism, organ system, organ, cell, tissue, macromolecule

macromolecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

The Kreb's cycle occurs in the ________ while the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis occur in the_______. matrix of the mitochondria. . . thylakoid membrane cytoplasm . . . cristae stroma . . . thylakoid membrane matrix of the mitochondria . . . cristae

matrix of the mitochondria . . . cristae

Sex-linked traits are more common in men than in women because men more commonly acquire two copies of the defective gene during fertilization. men need to inherit only one copy of the recessive allele for the condition to be fully expressed. the sex chromosomes are more active in men than in women. the genes associated with the sex-linked conditions are linked to the Y chromosome, which determines maleness.

men need to inherit only one copy of the recessive allele for the condition to be fully expressed.

The specific form of chemical energy that is used to power metabolic reactions is certain types of lipids. molecules of glucose. a diverse array of proteins. molecules of ATP.

molecules of ATP.

Which of the following terms refers to a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA? Pleiotropy Translation Mutation Non-disjunction

mutation

Choose the proper pair of words to fill in the blanks in this statement: A codon consists of three _______, and codes for one _______. nucleotides...... protein amino acids......protein polypeptides......amino acid nucleotides......amino acid

nucleotides......amino acid

Darwinian fitness is increased when an organism lives for a long time passes on a greater proportion of its genes to the next generation (compared to its peers) is stronger than other organisms in its community survives many hardships

passes on a greater proportion of its genes to the next generation (compared to its peers)

Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered a type of active transport. endocytosis exocytosis. passive transport.

passive transport.

Which of the following organisms can make high energy molecules of food (e.g. glucose) using water (H20) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the environment? crayfish pine tree bear honeybee

pine tree

Which of the following animal features evolved first (in evolutionary time)? the amniotic egg an exoskeleton radial symmetry the placenta

radial symmetry

Anything that prevents ATP formation will most likely force the cell to rely on glucose for energy. have no effect on the cell. force the cell to rely on lipids for energy. result in cell death.

result in cell death

A woman has been, unsuccessfully, trying to conceive for several years. At a fertility clinic, they discover that she has blocked fallopian tubes. Using modern technologies, some of her eggs are removed, fertilized with her husband's sperm, and implanted into her uterus. The procedure is successful, but the couple discovers that their new son is color-blind and has blood type O. The woman claims that the child can't be theirs since she has blood type A and her husband has type B. Also, neither parent is color-blind, although one grandparent (the woman's father) is also color-blind. In regard to the baby's color blindness, you explain that: the baby's father must have a recessive allele for color blindness. since color blindness is sex-linked, a son can inherit color blindness if his mother carries the recessive color blindness allele. the eggs must have been accidentally switched, since males inherit sex-linked traits only from their fathers. color blindness often appears randomly, even if neither parent is color-blind. since color blindness is recessive, both parents can pass it on, even if neither is color-blind.

since color blindness is sex-linked, a son can inherit color blindness if his mother carries the recessive color blindness allele.

At the beginning of mitosis, each chromosome of a eukaryotic cell consists of a pair of identical structures called DNA transcripts sister chromosomes sister chromatids nucleotides chromatin

sister chromatids

If an environment has a carrying capacity, K, of 5,000 individuals for a given species, and 6,000 individuals of that species are present, we can predict that the population size will remain roughly the same. size will increase. will go extinct. size will decrease.

size will decrease.

The nucleoid region is a membrane bound structure that contains all the DNA. the fluid environment inside all cells. made up of many folds of the inner membrane of mitochondria. the area in a prokaryotic cell where DNA congregates.

the area in a prokaryotic cell where DNA congregates.

In what cellular organelle does photosynthesis take place? the cell membrane the mitochondria the nucleus the chloroplast

the chloroplast

In what cellular organelle does photosynthesis take place? the chloroplast the mitochondria the cell membrane the nucleus

the chloroplast

Ultimately, the reproductive success of females is limited by the length of the breeding season. the ability of high quality males to perform proper courtship displays. the competitive ability of males in her population. the number of males she is able to mate with. the number of eggs she can produce over the course of her lifetime.

the number of eggs she can produce over the course of her lifetime.

The centromere is an enzyme that unzips a DNA molecule. a structure where proteins are assembled together. the point where sister chromatids are attached together. a molecule necessary to complete replication.

the point where sister chromatids are attached together.

Ecology is a group of organisms living the same place and the same time. the study of interactions between organisms and the environment. an interacting group of organisms. concerned with finding new and sustainable ways to produce food.

the study of interactions between organisms and the environment.

The light reactions occur in the ________, while the dark reactions (Calvin cycle) occur in the ________ of a chloroplast. thylakoid membranes . . . stroma stroma . . . nucleus stroma . . . thylakoid membranes cytoplasm . . . thylakoid membrane

thylakoid membranes . . . stroma

Siblings with the same parents aren't identical because of genetic recombination that occurs during meiosis and sexual reproduction. true or false

true

DNA replication occurs through the addition of nucleotides to the end of the parental DNA molecule. uses each strand of a DNA molecule as a template for the creation of a new strand. results in the formation of four new DNA strands. begins when two DNA molecules join together to exchange segments

uses each strand of a DNA molecule as a template for the creation of a new strand.

Which of the following is not one of the types of macromolecules? Nucleic acids Carbohydrates Water Lipids Proteins

water

If the trait for vampire fangs is recessive. What is the percent likelihood a child will be born with vampire fangs if a homozygote dominant for fangs is crossed with a heterozygote for fangs? 100% 75% 50% 25% 0%

0%

Based on several methods of estimation, levels of extinction in the near future are expected to be___________ that of historic levels that are based on fossil records. 5-10 times 1/10 100-1,000 times The same as

100-1,000 times

In guinea pigs, the allele for short hair (S) is completely dominant over the allele for long hair (s). If two heterozygous guinea pigs were crossed, what percentage of the offspring would be predicted to have long hair? 50% 0% 100% 25% 75%

25%

How many nucleotides make up a codon? 2 6 3 4

3

How many nucleotides make up a codon? 4 2 3 6

3

When one DNA molecule is copied to make two DNA molecules, the new DNA contains none of the parent DNA. 100% of the parent DNA 75% of the parent DNA. 50% of the parent DNA.

50% of the parent DNA.

Biological evolution is defined as The process where one species splits in to two species. Any change in the DNA of an organism A change in the genetic structure of a population. The growth and development of an individual over time.

A change in the genetic structure of a population.

Which of the following statements about dominant species is false? All of the statements are true, none are false. A dominant species is just another word for keystone species. A dominant species sets the conditions in a community to which all other species must adapt. The dominant species is typically the most abundant species in a community.

A dominant species is just another word for keystone species.

Which of the following statements about gene regulation is false? All genes are regulated by factors called oncogenes. Many cancers begin because of problems associated with gene regulation. Understanding gene regulation involves understanding the factors that determine if a gene is expressed or not. It plays an important role in the proper development of organisms.

All genes are regulated by factors called oncogenes.

Which of the following statements about members of the Kingdom Plantae is true? They descended from a type of multicellular fungi. All members possess vascular tissues. They are the only kingdom to have members with cell walls. All members of the kingdom Plantae are autotrophs.

All members of the kingdom Plantae are autotrophs.

Which of the following is an example of a population? All of the students in a classroom All of the plants found in prairies in the western United States All of the species of fish in Lake Victoria All of the microorganisms on your skin All of the organisms living in an aquarium

All of the students in a classroom

Which of the following statements about extinction is false? Background extinctions usually have a physical cause and most mass extinctions have a biological cause. Mass extinctions are large scale extinction events that occur fairly quickly (in evolutionary time) and affect all groups of organisms throughout the world. Background extinction is the normal, on-going extinction of individual species that occurs at a rate of about 10-100 species per year. All of the choices are true statements.

Background extinctions usually have a physical cause and most mass extinctions have a biological cause.

Which of the following is the correct equation for photosynthesis? ATP + CO2 + O2 --> H2O + Glucose Glucose + O2 --> ATP + CO2 + H2O CO2 + H2O + light --> glucose + O2 Glucose + CO2 + light --> ATP + O2 + H2O O2 + H2O + glucose --> ATP + CO2

CO2 + H2O + light --> glucose + O2

Photosynthesis takes in this gas __________, and gives off this gas ___________. glucose, O2 O2, CO2 glucose, CO2 O2, glucose CO2, glucose CO2, O2

CO2, O2

Which of the following statements about cell division is false? Cell division is how old or damaged cells are replaced. Cell division is the process that enables multicellular organisms to grow. Cell division only occurs in cells of that produce eggs and sperm. Cell division is the basis of reproduction in every living organism. Cell division is the process during which the DNA is copied and the cell is split into daughter cells.

Cell division only occurs in cells of that produce eggs and sperm.

The idea that the cell is the smallest unit of life, all living things are composed of cells and all cells come from other cells defines the laws of inheritance. the properties of life. cell theory. organelle theory.

Cell theory

Which of the following options best illustrates the "Central Dogma", the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a new molecule? DNA → tRNA → mRNA → protein DNA → RNA → protein protein → RNA → DNA RNA → DNA → RNA → protein

DNA → RNA → protein

Which of the following best expresses the concept of natural selection? Survival of the fittest A process of constant improvement, leading eventually to perfection. Inheritance of acquired characteristics. A change over time in response to need. Differential reproductive success based on inherited characteristics.

Differential reproductive success based on inherited characteristics.

Which of the following statements about transcription is false? The beginning and end of every gene is designated by a set of promoter and terminator sequences. During transcription, codons on mRNA are read by molecules of tRNA. Molecules of RNA are produced via a process called transcription. "Promotors" and "terminators" are nucleotide sequences that either start or stop transcription at that location on the molecule of DNA.

During transcription, codons on mRNA are read by molecules of tRNA.

Which of the following best describes the difference between ectotherms and endotherms? Ectotherms regulate their body temperature using environmental sources like moving into the sun or shade while endotherms regulate their body temperature using metabolic heat. Endotherms cannot regulate their body temperature but ectotherms regulate their body temperature using heat from the environment. Ectotherms cannot regulate their body temperature but endotherms can. Ectotherms cannot regulate their body temperature but endotherms regulate their body temperature using heat from the environment.

Ectotherms regulate their body temperature using environmental sources like moving into the sun or shade while endotherms regulate their body temperature using metabolic heat.

Which of the following statements regarding enzyme function is false? An enzyme is a type of protein whose function depends on its three-dimensional shape. Enzymes are used up when they catalyze a chemical reaction, so must be synthesized for each new chemical reaction. Enzymes are specific for certain substrates/reactions. Enzymes work by lowering the energy of activation (EA) of the reaction.

Enzymes are used up when they catalyze a chemical reaction, so must be synthesized for each new chemical reaction.

Which of the following statements about evolution is true? Evolution is deliberate and purposeful. Evolution aims to improve species. Organisms evolve structures in response to needs. Individuals evolve within the span of their own lifetimes. Evolution is generally a random process.

Evolution is generally a random process.