Bio 103 Ch 25 Bacteria and Archaea

How does penicillin work?

by dominating cell walls thus killing bacteria

bacteria may reproduce by

Binary fusion; a sexually.

The bacterium that causes botulism disease is harmless until it?

Germinates

Name the three shapes of bacteria

Round (coccus), rod-shaped (bacillus), spiral (spirochete)

What is peptidoglycan?

a network of sugar polymers cross-linked by polypeptides

Mad cow disease is caused by

prions

Most bacterial cells keep from bursting in a hypotonic envirment by?

A ridged cell wall

A chain of round bacteria would be called?

cocci

What shape is vibrio?

comma shaped

Bacteria can reproduce asexually and sexually. Name the six ways bacteria can reproduce.

Asexual: Binary Fission, Budding, Fragmentation Sexual: Transformation, Transduction, Conjugation

Within Bacteria, small circles of DNA called ______________ exist in addition to the bacterial chromosome.

Plasmid

Gram-positive bacteria would stain ____ in a gram stain because of the thick layer of _________ in their cell walls.

Purple, Peptidoglycan

Some bacteria avoid being phagocytized by its host's immune system by means of a ?

capsule