BIO 1033 [Chapter 6]

What is the usual current strength of LSD street samples?

20 to 80 μg

Marijuana is not addictive and does not induce compulsive use.

False

Which chemicals are most responsible for the psychedelic effects of magic mushrooms?

psilocin and psilocybin

The average street cost for an ounce of marijuana in the United States is

$200 to $400

How long after ingestion do the effects of LSD begin to appear?

15 to 60 minutes

Marijuana has been illegal in the United States since

1937. This occurred with the passing of the Marijuana Tax Act.

Marijuana in the urine of a regular user is detectable for

3 to 6 weeks

People who smoke marijuana commonly present with which physical ailments?

Chronic bronchitis

In addition to their psychedelic effects, "all arounders" almost always depress the central nervous system.

False

Psychedelics come only from natural plant sources.

False

A "fry" is a marijuana joint dipped in embalming fluid or embalming fluid, dried, and then smoked.

True

LSD is a semisynthetic fungal toxin that infects rye and other cereal grasses

True

People who take LSD may experience flashbacks (re-experiencing symptoms of a trip) that are similar to post-traumatic stress disorder.

True

The Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies is

a group of scientists studying the therapeutic use of psychedelic drugs for health benefits.

Misperceiving a rope as a threatening snake is an example of

an illusion (mistaken perceptions of real stimuli)

Prolonged use of MDMA (ecstasy) has what effect on sexual function?

decreased orgasm in men and sexual arousal in women

Which of the following are visual indications that a person may be on MDMA (ecstasy)?

dilated pupils and twitching eyelids

At low doses this substance acts as a stimulant; at higher doses it is a powerful hallucinogenic psychedelic.

ibogaine

Which types of psychedelics exert most of their effects through serotonin receptors?

indole alkaloids

The designer drug known as "C-boom" or 25C-NBOMe is a

psycho-stimulant

Dabs, an extract of cannabis containing 90% or greater concentration, is also known as

shatter, wax, honey oil

PCP can be recirculated from the body fat to the brain, causing an actual drug "flashback."

true

The DEA has determined that the psychedelics DMT, psilocybin, mescaline (peyote), and harmaline (ayahuasca) do not cause physical dependence.

true

The U.S. Army carried out psychological warfare and brainwashing experiments on animals and humans with psychedelic drugs for many years.

true

Hyperemesis, brought on by highly potent cannabis, synthetic marijuana, or highly concentrated extracts, is characterized by

uncontrolled vomiting

There is increasing evidence that the use of some psychedelic drugs under medically monitored conditions may effectively treat some addictions.

True

Tolerance to LSD develops quickly, within days of daily use.

True

Approximately how long do the effects of LSD last?

6 to 8 hours

T or F Butane hash oil (BHO) is an extract of cannabis with very low THC concentration.

False

The effects of psychedelic drugs are consistent and predictable.

False

The strength of LSD/acid available on the streets today is stronger than the LSD/acid that was widely available on the streets in the 1960s and 1970s.

False

T or F Receptors for 2-AG, an endogenous endocannabinoid, are found with greater frequency in other parts of the body than it is in the brain.

True

T or F Sativex® is a cannabis-based oral medication used to treat spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis.

True

The effects of mescaline (peyote) are similar to those of LSD, especially the visions and hallucinations.

True

PCP is particularly dangerous because of it has which of the following effects?

causes depersonalization, aggressiveness and violent behavior

Ayahuasca is a short-acting psychedelic.

false

DMT is a long-acting psychedelic.

false

Synesthesia is defined as the crossing of senses, such as when visual input becomes sound.

True

Sustiva ® (efavirenz) is a prescription medication used to treat HIV/AIDS that is also diverted and smoked for its

psychedelic effects

Tolerance to the mental effects of most psychedelics tends to develop rapidly.

true

Candy flipping refers to

using LSD and ecstasy together

The hallucinogenic effects of salvia divinorum last for

30 minutes

Hashish is made from

cannabis resin

Psychedelic drugs are relatively new synthetic drugs.

False. Although there are some relatively new compounds, marijuana, psilocybin mushrooms, ayahuasca, and peyote have been in existence for thousands of years.

Ketamine is most similar to which drug?

PCP

Which of the following most accurately describes the addiction profile for psychedelics such as psilocybin mushrooms, LSD, and peyote?

They do not generally produce compulsive drug-seeking behavior and are not considered addictive.

Psilocybin mushrooms cause less disassociation, panic, and psychotic reactions compared with LSD.

True

Anterograde amnesia is the term used to describe an inability to remember what happened during a psychedelic trip.

true