BIO 104 - Test 2

Which group of plants were the most recent to evolve?

Angiosperms

The plant ground tissue system consists of three tissues that can be distinguished by which of the following?

Cell wall structures

Why are mosses and liverworts limited in size?

They lack vascular tissues

Blood and lymph are circulating tissues that help other parts of the body to communicate and interact.

True

Glial cells support and nourish neurons.

True

Plants, like animals, grow at all points of their body.

True

The cells of bone are called osteocytes.

True

The human body's "thermostat" is the hypothalamus.

True

Which organelle increases in size, causing plant cells to elongate?

Vacuole

Which vascular tissue is responsible for conducting water and dissolved minerals in plants?

Xylem

A main function of a plant's root system is to:

absorb dissolved nutrients and water

Primary growth involves:

an increase in length.

What is the male sexual structure that produces sperm in pants?

antheridium

Gametophytes also produce female gametangia known as:

archegonia

Both smooth muscle fibers and cardiac muscle fibers

are under involuntary control.

A plant that requires two years to complete its life cycle is referred to as a(n):

biennial

One difference between cardiac muscle fibers and skeletal muscle fibers is that cardiac muscle fibers

branch and form complex networks, while skeletal muscle fibers do not.

How are the sperm of moss transported to the archegonia?

by both insects and water

Cells called _________ compose cartilage.

chondrocytes

Ectothermic animals

depend on heat from the external environment to adjust their body temperatures.

The four basic animal tissues are

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

The oldest known mega fossils of _____________, discovered in New York, are dated at 380 million years old. These trees, which were about 8 m tall, has vascular tissues but no leaves and a minimal root system.

fernlike trees

The haploid portion of the life cycle is called the __________ because it gives rise to haploid gametes by mitosis.

gametophyte generation

Some liverworts reproduce asexually by forming tiny balls of tissue called:

gemmae

parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma are classifies as tissues in the:

ground tissue system.

Exocrine glands

include goblet cells and milk glands

Which of the following plants is an annual?

iris

The gametophyte is the dominant stage in the life cycle for which of the following plant groups?

liverworts

A group of associated tissues is known as a(n)

organ

All woody plants are:

perennials

A root cap:

protects the fragile meristematic cells at the root tip.

The gametophyte generation of ferns is the:

prothallus

When a moss spore lands in a suitable spot, it germinates and grows into a filament of cells called a:

protonema

Each individual gametophyte plant has tiny, hair like absorptive structures known as:

rhizoids

Which of the following is often dead at maturity?

sclerenchyma tissue

What do ferns lack?

seeds

The main difference between elastic and reticular fibers is that only elastic fibers

stretch

Which of the following is not a type of connective tissue

the heart

A ________ is a group of closely associated similar cells.

tissue

Refer to the accompanying figure. The labeled structure that is responsible for secondary growth is:

vascular cambium

Which of the following are just under the plant stem epidermis?

Collenchyma

The plant vascular system performs which of the following functions?

Conducts water, dissolved minerals, and food

After a moss spore germinates, it forms a prothallus.

False

Cardiac muscle fibers lack striations.

False

Club mosses belong to the phylum Bryophyta.

False

Connective tissue contains three types of fibers: collagen, elastic, and cartilage.

False

Each archegonium produces many eggs.

False

If a plant produces microspores and megaspores, then by definition it is homosporous.

False

Mosses have stems, roots, and leaves.

False

Shivering helps decrease body temperatures.

False

Which tissue system of the plant body is largely responsible for photosynthesis?

Ground tissue system

The cell walls of woody plant secondary tissues contain which of the following?

Lignin

________ are small leaves with a single vascular strand.

Microphylls

How do mosses help prevent soil erosion?

Mosses are packed in dense colonies, holding soil together.

What two tissues transport materials throughout the entire plant body?

Phloem and xylem

Which is the most economically important bryophyte?

Sphagnum

Vessel elements and tracheids, while differing slightly in structure, both conduct carbohydrates.

False

Which organ system coordinates activities of other systems?

Nervous system

Which term best explains why collagen fivers are abundant in tendons?

Strength

Which of the following initiates a homeostatic response?

Stressor

A mass of undifferentiated plant cells is called a callus.

True

A sorus is a cluster of sporangia.

True

An archegoniophore is found in certain liverworts.

True

What are the conducting elements in phloem?

sieve tube elements

Which of the following is heterosporous?

spike moss