BIO 142 unit 1 quiz

the life span of an erythrocytes is about ________ days

120

typically, an adult's body contains _______ of blood

5 liters

plasma makes up about ______ percent of a centrifuged sample of whole blood

55

which most closely approximates the percentage of water in plasma by weight?

92%

insulin causes

a decrease in the concentration of blood glucose

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by the

anterior pituitary, and it targets follicular cells of the thyroid gland

thyroid hormone is somewhat unique in that it is a

biogenic amine that is lipid-soluble

aldosterone release can be triggered by the presence of the blood-borne messenger angiotensin II of by low levels of sodium, and so regulation is said to be

both hormonal and humoral

the hemoglobin found in erythrocytes is able to chemically attatch to

both oxygen and carbon dioxide

the hormone that decreases calcium blood level is

calcitonin

the secretion of parathyroid hormone is controlled primarily by the

concentration of blood calcium

the agglutinogens (or antigens) that determine the ABO and Rh blood types are

found on the surface of erythrocytes

a person with an abnormally high metabolic rate, who is underweight, and has protruding eyes is exhibiting symptoms of

hyperthyroidism

the part of the brain that functions as a "master control center" of the endocrine system is the

hypothalamus

goiter is most likely to be seen in parts of the world where ________ is lackin in the diet

iodine

which is not true about the thyroid gland?

it has two lobes connected by a central portion called the commissure

the reason it is more appropriate to call an erythrocyte a "formed element" rather than a "cell" is that erythrocytes

lack a nucleus and organelles

which type of hormone requires a carrier protein in the blood?

lipid-soluble hormone

compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system has

more widespread and long lasting effects

which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of leukocytes and antibodies?

protection

what is the function of the mineralocorticoids secreted by the adrenal gland?

regulate electrolye concentration on body fluids

when the effects of one hormone reinforce the activity of another hormone on the same target cell, the intercation is said to be

synergistic

when the effects of water-soluble hormones on their target cells are considered, the hormone itself is

the first messenger

to compensate for significant blood loss, the autonomic nervous system triggers

vasconstriction and an increase in heart rate

the first phase in hemostasis is

vascular spasm

another name for antidiuretic hormone is

vasopressin