BIO 168 Lecture Exam (4)

What are the two types of glial cells in the CNS and their functions?

Astrocytes and Oligodendrocytes

Which part of the nervous system controls smooth muscle?

Autonomic Nerve

What are the different divisions of the nervous system?

Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

What type of connective tissue wrappings does smooth muscle have?

Endomysium

How do smooth muscle cells connect to each other electrically and mechanically?

Gap Junctions

What are the nodes of Ranvier?

Gaps of Myelin

Most neurons are of what functional type?

Interneurons

Most neurons have what type of structure?

Multipolar

What is a bundle of nerve processes in the PNS called?

Nerve (bundle of axons)

What triggers smooth muscle contraction?

Neurotransmitters, or internally (Ex: Stomach Muscles)

Name two types of interneurons.

Purkinje Cells and Pyramidal Cells

How is most smooth muscle organized?

Sheets, longitudinal, and circular

What is the difference between white matter and gray matter?

White has myelin, grey does not

What is the origin of an axon called?

axon hillock

What is hyperplasia?

continued growth of new smooth muscle

How does smooth muscle respond to stretching?

contract, relax, stay at length, contract again

What is a clump of neurons in the PNS called?

ganglion or ganglia

What is the function of myelin sheaths?

insulator, speeds up transition of nerve impulses

What is a clump of neurons in the CNS called?

nucleus

What are the two types of glial cells in the PNS and their functions?

satellite cells and Schwann cells

What is a bundle of nerve processes in the CNS called?

tract (bundle of axons)