Bio 2 Ch 10

Stimulation

A physical stimulus acts on a receptor.

Transmission

Graded potentials are converted into action potentials, which are conducted to the central nervous system.

Rods

Responsible for black and white vision in dim light

Cones

Responsible for color vision and sharpness in bright light

Interpretation

The brain creates a perception of the electrochemical events.

Transduction

The energy from the stimulus is converted into graded potentials (electrical energy)

Mechanoreceptors

These receptors are stimulated by mechanical forces; examples include receptors for touch, hearing, and balance.

Baroreceptors

These receptors detect changes in blood pressure.

Thermoreceptors

These receptors detect changes in body temperature.

Chemoreceptors

These receptors detect changes in chemistry; examples include receptors for smell and taste.

Electromagnetic receptors

These receptors detect changes in heat and light energy; examples include photoreceptors of the eyes and thermal receptors that are found in some reptiles.

Proprioceptors

These receptors provide information about the relative position or movement of an animal's body parts.

Interoceptors

These receptors sense stimuli that arise from within the body.

Exteroceptors

These receptors sense stimuli that arise in the external environment.

Nociceptors

These receptors transmit impulses that are perceived as pain.

Cochlea

sensory receptors for hearing