BIO 204 Module 2 quiz

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Signals leave the AV node and descend along this structure toward the apex:

AV bundle

What is the function of gap junctions?

Allow cardiomyocytes to electrically stimulate neighbors

Alternative routes of blood supply are called ______.

Anastomoses

What is unique to fenestrated capillaries?

Filtration pores

The _____ valve regulates the flow of blood between the right ventricle and the vessels leading to the lungs.

Pulmonary

Which of the following belong to the pulmonary circuit?

Pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins

Distributes the electrical excitation to the ventricles:

Purkinje fibers

Oxygen-poor blood passes through the _________.

Right AV (tricuspid) and pulmonary valves

During isovolumetric contraction, the pressure in the ventricles _______.

Rises rapidly

The pacemaker that determines the heart rate:

Sinoatrial (SA) node

The plateau in the action potential of cardiac muscle results from the action of ______.

Slow Ca2+ channels

Which of the following is not part of the cardiac conduction system?

Tendinous cords

TorF: The pulmonary circuit is supplied by both the R and L side of the heart.

false (only the right)

Atrial systole begins _____.

immediately after the P wave

What layer of the heart is the thickest; made of muscles; and performs the work of the heart?

Myocardium

The electrical gateway to the ventricles:

Atrioventricular (AV) node

When does ventricular depolarization being?

Begins at the apex and progress superiorly as the atria repolarizes

What is the most important force driving reabsorption at the venous end of a capillary?

Blood colloid osmotic pressure

The long plateau in the action potential observed in cardiomyocytes is probably related w/ ______ staying longer in the cytosol.

Ca 2+

The volume of blood ejected by each ventricle in one minute is called the ______.

Cardiac output

Blood order starting from systemic circuit:

Conducting arteries Distributing arteries Resistance arteries Arterioles Capillaries Post-capillary venules Muscular venules medium veins venous sinuses large veins

How would blood pass through the vessels in order starting with entering the systemic circuit?

Conducting arteries disturbing arteries resistance arteries arterioles capillaries

What makes up intercalated discs?

Desmosomes, gap junctions, fascia adherens

What layer of the heart covers the valve surfaces and is continuous w/ the endothelium of the blood vessels?

Endocardium

What layer of the heart is the serous membrane; mainly simple squamous epithelium over areolar connective tissue w/ an adipose covering?

Epicardium

TorF: Blood in the heart chambers provides most of the myocardium's oxygen and nutrient needs.

False

TorF: Desmosomes form channels that allow each cardiomyocyte to electrically stimulate its neighbor.

False

TorF: Large veins, medium veins, and venules have valves to prevent the backflow of blood.

False

Which vessels have the thickest tunica media?

Large arteries

Which of the following is a feature shared by cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?

Muscle fibers striations

The _____ performs the work of the heart.

Myocardium

Atrial depolarization causes the _____.

P wave

Which of the following is the most superficial layer enclosing the heart?

Parietal layer of the serous pericardium

Blood usually passes through one network of capillaries from the time it leaves the heart until the time it returns; but there are exceptions, notably the ______.

Portal systems and anastomoses

Opening and closing of the heart valves is caused by _____.

Pressure gradients

What is the function of desmosomes?

Prevent cardiomyocytes from pulling away when they contract

TorF: Cardiac muscle is not prone to fatigue b/c it makes a little use of anaerobic fermentation or the oxygen debt mechanism.

True

TorF: if the SA node is damaged, nodal rhythm is sufficient to sustain life.

True

What is unique to continuous capillaries?

pericytes, tight junctions, pinocytic vesicles

What are the functions of intercalated discs?

thick connections between the cardiomyocytes that are the mechanical and electrical link for cells


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