BIO 240 Quiz 1

What is the difference between an essential and non-essential nutrient?

An essential nutrient is one that can not be created by our bodies, so we have to get those nutrients from our food while a non-essential nutrient is a nutrient that our body can create on its own, so there is not as much of a need for us to have that nutrient in our diet.

According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, most healthy adults should limit their daily sodium intake to less than ________ mg/day. a. 300 b. 1000 c. 2300 d. 4300

c. 2300

A carrot has 12 g of carbohydrates, 1 g of protein, and no fat. Your roommate ate 30 carrots. How many kcals did she consume?

1560 kcals/g

A nutrient requirement is the smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health. Select one: True False

True

To establish a nutrient's RDA, nutrition scientists add ________ of the nutrient to its EAR. a. 50 to 100 mg b. a "margin of safety" amount c. an AI amount d. the % DV amount

b. a "margin of safety" amount

Which of the following is NOT a key nutrition concept? a. Malnutrition includes overnutrition as well as undernutrition. b. Foods and the nutrients they contain are one of many components of health. c. Variety, moderation, and balance can help ensure a diet's nutritional adequacy. d. The best way for people to obtain all the essential nutrients is to consume dietary supplements.

d. The best way for people to obtain all the essential nutrients is to consume dietary supplements.

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that does NOT supply any energy for the human body? a. Carbohydrate b. Fat c. Protein d. Vitamin D

d. Vitamin D

Use of certain medications may increase an individual's nutrient needs. Select one: True False

True

According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, added sugar intake should be limited to less than ________% of total daily calories. a. 5 b. 10 c. 25 d. 30

b. 10

Which of the following statements is true? a. Nutrient-deficiency diseases develop when diets lack essential nutrients. b. Skin rashes are always a symptom of vitamin deficiency diseases. c. Headaches are a common sign of a mineral deficiency disease. d. Most phytochemicals are classified as essential nutrients.

a. Nutrient-deficiency diseases develop when diets lack essential nutrients.

According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, saturated fat intake should be limited to less than ________% of total daily calories. a. 5 b. 10 c. 20 d. 30

b. 10

The Dietary Guidelines are updated by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture about every ________ years. a. 2 b. 5 c. 8 d. 10

b. 5

DRI stands for: Select one: a. Dietary Revenue Inventory b. Daily Reference Intake c. Dietary Reference Intake d. Daily Regular Intake

b. Daily Reference Intake

Which of the following does NOT affect nutrient needs? a. Age b. Ethnicity c. Sex d. Health status

b. Ethnicity

Which of the following statements is true? a. Nutrients are life-sustaining phytochemicals in food. b. In the United States, poor eating habits contribute to some of the ten leading causes of death. c. A person's diet is influenced by his or her blood type and birth order. d. Most people are born with the ability to choose a nutritious diet.

b. In the United States, poor eating habits contribute to some of the ten leading causes of death.

According to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, a healthy eating pattern includes foods ________. a. from all six food groups, including oils and saturated fats b. from all five food groups and oils but limits saturated fats, added sugars and sodium c. high in saturated fat, sodium, and added sugars d. and beverages that are energy-dense

b. from all five food groups and oils but limits saturated fats, added sugars and sodium

What are the three keys to good nutrition?

balance, variety, & moderation

Which of the following statements is TRUE? a. A megadose ofvitamin C is within the range of safe intake for the nutrient. b. Peanut butter isan empty-calorie food. c. Most foods aremixtures of nutrients. d. A healthy diet supplies 90% of its calories from protein-rich foods.

c. Most foods aremixtures of nutrients.

An essential nutrient _______. a. is found only in fortified foods b. is found only in foods from animal sources c. must be supplied by the diet d. provides energy (kcals) to the diet

c. must be supplied by the diet

Which of the following describe a conditionally essential nutrient? a. A nutrient that is normally nonessential, but becomes essential under certain conditions. b. A nutrient that may be made in the body, but in amounts that are inadequate. c. A nutrient that becomes essential due to a metabolic disorder or serious disease (e.g. kidney or liver disease). d. All of the choices are correct.

d. All of the choices are correct.

Which of the following topics is one of the four overarching guidelines of the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans? a. Increase your intake of fresh fruits and vegetables b. Eat only sustainably-grown produce c. Incorporate whole grains into half of your meals d. Focus on meeting food group needs with nutrient-dense foods and beverages, and stay within calorie limits

d. Focus on meeting food group needs with nutrient-dense foods and beverages, and stay within calorie limits

Dietary recommendations for _______ were not addressed in the guidelines prior to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. a. children and adolescents, 2-18 years of age b. infants, birth through 24 months c. adults, 18+ years of age

b. infants, birth through 24 months

Which of the following topics is one of the four overarching guidelines of the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans? a. Use Nutrition Facts panels to make wise choices b. Avoid empty-calorie foods c. Eat more sodium-rich foods d. Follow a healthy dietary pattern at every life stage

d. Follow a healthy dietary pattern at every life stage

Which of the following substances is a macronutrient? a. Protein b. Vitamin C c. Calcium d. Sodium

a. Protein

Most Americans purchase less than recommended amounts of _______. a. fruits b. sugary beverages c. red meats d. refined grain products

a. fruits

Which of the following foods is the most nutrient-dense per serving? a. Leafy greens b. French fries c. Grape soda d. Refined grains

a. Leafy greens

According to the MyPlate guidelines, fruits and vegetables should account for about ________ of the food on a person's plate. a. one-half b. one-third c. one-quarter d. two-thirds

a. one-half

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

The AMDR for carbohydrates is 45%-65%, for fats is 20%-35%, and for proteins are 10%-35%.

A diet that supplies adequate amounts of nutrients prevents _______. a. nutrient-deficiency disorders b. storage of minerals in bone c. storage of fat-soluble vitamins in body fat d. saturation of cells with nutrients

a. nutrient-deficiency disorders

Which of the following is NOT a reason dietary recommendations undergo revisions? a. Researchers continue to explore the complex relationships between diet and health. b. Nutrition is an exact science. c. Nutrition research involves human subjects. d. New scientific evidence becomes available and the information is reviewed and accepted by nutrition experts.

b. Nutrition is an exact science.

Which of the following statements is true? a. Nutrition Facts labels provide information about amounts of ingredients in product recipes. b. Daily Values are dietary standards developed for food labeling purposes. c. If you do not consume 100% of the Daily Values for nutrients, you have a high risk of developing nutritional-deficiency disorders. d. The Nutrition Facts panel displays the amount of phytochemicals in a serving of the food.

a. Nutrition Facts labels provide information about amounts of ingredients in product recipes.

An Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the ________. a. amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population b. range of intake for a particular nutrient that is not likely to cause toxicity or deficiency c. minimum amount of a nutrient that is safe to consume and cures the nutrient's deficiency disease d. percentage of a nutrient standard that is used for food labeling purposes

a. amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population

Which of the following statements is true? a. Nutrition scientists have established RDAs for all essential nutrients. b. People can have energy needs that are higher or lower than the Estimated Energy Requirement. c. People who consume 90% of the RDA for iron regularly are likely to develop an iron deficiency. d. People who consume less than the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of a nutrient have a high risk of developing the nutrient's toxicity disorder.

b. People can have energy needs that are higher or lower than the Estimated Energy Requirement.

Studying nutrition is important to _______. a. obtain enough energy to sustain life b. learn about the nutritional value of foods and effects diet can have on health c. reduce dependence on animal food products d. avoid pesticides and hormones in the food supply

b. learn about the nutritional value of foods and effects diet can have on health

A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrate, 3 g protein, 5 g fat, 5 mg vitamin C, and 100 mL water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies _______. a. 87 kcals b. 97 kcals c. 107 kcals d. 117 kcals

d. 117 kcals

A bagel has 11 g of protein, 2 g of fat, and 56 g of carbohydrates. How many kcals are in the bagel?

286 kcal/g

Which of the following statements is true? a. Scientists don't play a role in the development of the DRIs. b. The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 65% of total energy intake. c. Recommended Dietary Allowances meet the nutrient needs of 50% of healthy people. d. Nutrient requirements are the same, regardless of a person's age or sex.

b. The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 65% of total energy intake.