Bio Aspects of Nutrition - Quiz 1

How many calories are in a food that contains 12 g carbohydrates, 3 g alcohol, 0 g fat, and 3 g protein?

81

How many calories per gram are supplied by fats and oils?

9

A kilocalorie is a unit of the energy content of food. Which definition best describes how much energy is in one kilocalorie?

A kilocalorie is the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 liter of water 1˚ Celsius.

Which of the following are sources of carbohydrates? • grains • fruits • vegetables • All of these are sources of carbohydrates.

All of these are sources of carbohydrates.

Which factor(s) affect food choice? • social needs • food cost • food marketing • lifestyle • All of these factors affect food choice

All of these factors affect food choice

(True / False): The U.S. Food and Drug Administration checks all food products to ensure the accuracy of their food labels.

False

Many of the top ten leading causes of death in the United States have a strong correlation to what a person decides to eat or not eat during his or her lifespan. What are the top two leading causes of death in the United States?

Heart disease and cancer

Undernutrition and over-nutrition are both problems in the united states. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT: • Over-nutrition is a type of malnutrition. • Over-nutrition is often characterized by obesity. • Over-nutrition can be caused by long-term excessive energy intake. • Over-nutrition is less common in the United States than undernutrition is.

Over-nutrition is less common in the United States than undernutrition is.

Where do phytochemicals come from?

Plant foods

Which U.S. government agency can regulate nutrition and health-related claims on product labels?

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Proteins are formed by linking together ________.

amino acids

Foods are selected based mainly on ________.

appetite

Which statement is false about the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA)? a. DSHEA classified vitamins as foods b. DSHEA causes the FDA to regulate herbal supplements as rigorously as it does drugs. c. DSHEA effectively restrains the FDA from regulating mineral supplements. d. DSHEA requires the FDA to prove a dietary supplement is unsafe before preventing its sale.

b. DSHEA causes the FDA to regulate herbal supplements as rigorously as it does drugs.

Sugar, starches, and dietary fibers are examples of ________?

carbohydrates

Energy-yielding nutrients include ________?

carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Which type of study follows a healthy population, looking for the development of diseases?

cohort study

Clinical assessment involves measuring ________.

concentrations of nutrients in the blood

Which disease has a genetic link? a. diabetes b. osteoporosis c. cancer d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Most North Americans could improve their diets by ________.

eating more foods rich in vitamins A and E

The study of the distribution of disease in human populations is ________.

epidemiology

Which type of study examines disease in populations?

epidemiology

(True / False): Animal sources, such as meat, seafood, dairy products, and eggs, supply about two-thirds of the protein intake for most people around the world.

false

(True / False): A kilocalorie is the amount of heat energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius (1˚C).

false; (1000 grams / 1 liter)

Complex carbohydrates not broken down by digestive processes are ________.

fiber

Macronutrients are needed in ________ quantities in the diet.

gram

A possible explanation for a natural phenomenon is a ________.

hypothesis

Nutrition-related objectives of Healthy People 2020 include ________.

increasing vegetable intake, increasing calcium intake, and reducing childhood obesity

A triglyceride is an example of a ________.

lipid

Lipids can be described as ________.

mostly fats and oils

Which element is found in protein but is not found in carbohydrates and lipids?

nitrogen

In a double-blind study, who knows which participants are getting the treatment or placebo?

only an independent third party

An inert substance with no biological activity or a fake medicine that is used in controlled experiments is called a ________.

placebo

Anthropometric assessment involves measuring ________.

skinfold thickness

Carbohydrates can be described as ________.

sugars, starches, and fibers

An important function of carbohydrates is to ________.

supply energy

(True / False): Genes direct the growth, development, and maintenance of cells.

true

(True / False): The risk of developing a specific genetic disease is high if you have 2 or more first-degree relatives with the disease, especially if the disease occurred before age 50 to 60 years.

true

Which nutrient does not provide energy?

vitamins