Bio ch. 2-3

Sugar dissolves in water because? Sugar is a non polar molecule, water forms hydrogen bonds with its hydroxyl groups, sugar forms rings when it is hydrated, sugar ionizes in water.

Water forms hydrogen bonds with its hydroxyl groups

Which is Not an element? Water, Oxygen, carbon, chlorine, Hydrogen

Water

Cholesterol is. Synthesized in the large intestine, remodeled into vitamin a, used in the construction of cell membranes, a component of plant cell walls, all of these.

remodeled into vitamin a

Carbon has an atomic number of 6, and oxygen has an atomic number of 8. Which combination of carbon and oxygen atoms is most stable. 1 carbon and 2 oxygen, 1 carbon and 3 oxygen, 2 carbon and 1 oxygen, 2 carbon and 2 oxygen, 3 carbon and 1 oxygen.

1 carbon and 2 oxygen

A single atom of carbon may form up to __ covalent bonds with other atoms. 2,3,4,5,6,

4

__Molecules can be detected as they pass through your body and are used for diagnosis. Decay, a tracer, an electron, an atom, both proton and electron.

A tracer

Four of the five molecules listed below are amino acids. Select the exception. Glycine, adenine, phenylalanine, valine, tyrosine.

Adenine

The secondary structure of proteins may take the form of. Twists, bends, loops, folds, all of these.

All of these

Which of the following is NOT true of polysaccharides? Composed of many linked monosaccharides, may be straight and unbranched or highly branched, most likely made of glucose molecules if they are one of the natural polysaccharides, may be insoluble because of their large size and structure, are formed by cleavage reactions.

Are formed by cleavage reactions

Cellular pH is kept near a value of 7 because of. Salts, buffers, acids, bases, water.

Buffers

DNA. is one of the adenosine phosphates, is one of the nucleotide coenzymes, contains protein-building instructions, translates protein building, is single stranded.

Contains protein-building instructions

The nucleotide associated with chemical messages is. Cyclic AMP, FAD, NAD+, ATP, all of these.

Cyclic AMP

Like other animals, penguins of the north can keep warm because of layers and patches of __ in the bodies. Adipose tissues, proteins, carbohydrates, sterols, phospholipids

Carbohydrates

Which of the following components of a tossed salad will pass through the human digestive tract with the least digestion? Sugar(in the dressing), oil(in the dressing), starch(in the croutons), cellulose(in the lettuce), protein(in the bacon bits).

Cellulose(in the lettuce)

Water is an example of a? Atom, ion, compound, mixture, element?

Compound

The periodic table of the elements was devised by? Henri becquerel, Demitri mendeleev, Melvin Calvin, Marie curie, becquerel and Mendeleev

Demitri Mendeleev

Which amino acid possesses the simplest R group? Proline, serine, tryptophan, cysteine, glycine.

Glycine

The three most common atoms in the human body are. Hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon/ Carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen/Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen/Nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen/ carbon, oxygen, and sulfur.

Hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon

Which the following is NOT a known dysfunction in the expression of sickle-cell anemia? Impaired brain function, rheumatism, heart failure, excessive absorption of oxygen causing the cell to swell, enlarged spleen.

Impaired brain function

A salt will dissolve in water to form. acids, hydrogen bonds, ions other than H+ and OH-, bases, buffers

Ions other than H+ and OH-

Condensation reactions typically produce? monomers, salts, nucleotide, lipid, nucleic acid

Monomers

Fructose and glucose are? Isotopes, monosaccharides, disaccharides, six-carbon sugars, both b and d.

Monosaccharides

An atom that gains or loses electrons becomes. More stable, an ion, a molecule, unable to form bonds, radioactive.

More stable

Which components of an atom do not have a charge. Electrons, protons, neutrons?

Neutrons

The atom found in the greatest amount in the human body, the earth's crust, and seawater is? Hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus

Oxygen

What kind of bond exist between two amino acids in a protein? Peptide, ionic, hydrogen, amino, sulfhydroxyl

Peptide

In a chemical equation, the chemicals to the left of the arrow are? Products, in greater abundance, at higher energy levels, reactants, all of these?

Reactants

Denaturation of proteins may result in all of the following except. Breakage of hydrogen bonds, loss of three-dimensional structure, removal of R groups from amino acids, alteration of enzyme activity, endangerment of a cell's life.

Removal of R groups from amino acids

Which of the following is NOT true? Acids release hydrogen ions, In a neutral solution, the amounts of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions are equal, salts precipitate out of solution and have no function in cells, polar water molecules are attached to water, hydrogen bonding among water molecules gives water its temperature stabilizing and cohesive properties.

Salts precipitate out of solution and have no function in cells

Four of the five choices listed below are functional groups. Select the exception. Sterol, amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl, aldehyde.

Sterol

Which of the following has a methyl as the R group? Proline, serine, tryptophan, cysteine, alanine

alanine

Primary protein structure is formed by. Hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds, bonds between amino acids, covalent linkages between carbon and oxygen, all of these.

all of these

Proteins may function as. Structural unit, hormones, storage molecules, transport molecules, all of these

all of these

Which of the following are lipids? Sterols, triglycerides, oils, waxes, all of these

all of these

Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by. animals, plants, protistans, bacteria, fungi

animals

Which of the following statements is false? Ice is denser that liquid water, all living organisms require water, water has cohesive properties, water is a liquid at room temperature, all of the above are false.

ice is denser than liquid water

Which of the following is NOT a polymer? Protein, polysaccharide, nucleotide, lipid, nucleic acid

lipid

Chitin is a polysaccharide with __ atoms attached to the glucose backbone. magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen, sulfur,

nitrogen

Lipids. Yield less energy per gram than do carbohydrates, include cartilage and chitin, include fats consisting of one fatty acid molecule and three glycerol molecules, are composed of monosaccharides, are none of these.

none of these

The change in temperature of a substance is directly related to. the nature of it's chemical bonds, the reactivity, it's thermal conductivity, the motion of its molecules, the mass of its molecules

the motion of its molecules