BIO Ch. 22 Review

the fossil record.

Catastrophism, meaning the regular occurrence of geological or meteorological disturbances (catastrophes), was Cuvier's attempt to explain the existence of

a mechanism for evolution that was supported by evidence.

Charles Darwin was the first person to propose

2 4 1 3

Given a population that contains genetic variation, what is the correct sequence of the following events, under the influence of natural selection? 1. Well-adapted individuals leave more offspring than do poorly adapted individuals. 2. A change occurs in the environment. 3. Genetic frequencies within the population change. 4. Poorly adapted individuals have decreased survivorship.

individuals adapt to their environments and, thereby, evolve.

Natural selection is based on all of the following except

C

The following questions refer to Figure 22.1, which shows an outcrop of sedimentary rock whose strata are labeled A-D. Surface A x B C D Figure 22.1 If "x" indicates the location of fossils of two closely related species, then fossils of their most-recent common ancestor are most likely to occur in which stratum?

Hutton and Lyell

The following questions refer to Figure 22.1, which shows an outcrop of sedimentary rock whose strata are labeled A-D. Surface A x B C D Figure 22.1 Which pair would have been likely to agree that strata such as those depicted here were deposited gradually over long periods of time by subtle mechanisms that are still at work?

D

The following questions refer to Figure 22.1, which shows an outcrop of sedimentary rock whose strata are labeled A-D. Surface A x B C D Figure 22.1 Which stratum should contain the greatest proportion of extinct organisms?

Cuvier

The following questions refer to Figure 22.1, which shows an outcrop of sedimentary rock whose strata are labeled A-D. Surface A x B C D Figure 22.1 Who would have proposed that the boundaries between each stratum mark the occurrence of different localized floods?

an overarching explanation, supported by much evidence, for how populations change over time.

The theory of evolution is most accurately described as

The sudden demise of the dinosaurs, and various other groups, by the impact of a large extraterrestrial body with Earth

Which of the events described below agrees with the idea of catastrophism?

Subsequent generations of a population should have greater proportions of individuals that possess traits better suited for success in unchanging environments.

Which of the following statements is an inference of natural selection?

All variation between individuals is due only to environmental factors.

Which of these conditions should completely prevent the occurrence of natural selection in a population over time?