Bio chapter 10

Every ecosystem must have _____. 1. autotrophs 2. photosynthesizers 3. autotrophs and heterotrophs 4. producers and primary consumers

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Leaves of green plants contain openings known as stomates, which are opened and closed by specialized cells allowing for gas exchange between the leaf and the outside environment. Which phrase best represents the net flow of gases involved in photosynthesis into and out of the leaf through these openings on a sunny day? 1. Carbon dioxide moves in; oxygen moves out 2. Carbon dioxide and oxygen move in; ozone moves out 3. Oxygen moves in; nitrogen moves out 4. Water and ozone move in; carbon dioxide moves out

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Much of the carbon dioxide produced by green plants is not excreted as a metabolic waste because it 1. Can be used for photosynthesis 2. Is too large to pass through cell membranes 3. Is needed for cellular respiration 4. Can be used for the creation of proteins

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Question #18

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Question #20

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Question #31

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Question #34

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Question #4

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Some sea slugs store chloroplasts obtained from algae they have ingested. The chloroplasts continue to carry out photosynthesis within the slugs. What advantage would this activity be to these sea slugs? 1. The slugs with chloroplasts can synthesize some of their own food 2. The slugs with chloroplasts no longer need to carry out respiration 3. The chloroplasts provide the slugs with camouflage that protects them from UV radiation 4. The chloroplasts contain enzymes that allow the slugs to digest starch

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The dissolved carbon dioxide in a lake is used directly by 1. Producers 2. Parasites 3. Fungi 4. Decomposers

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The synthesis of carbohydrates occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts. This process uses energy supplied by 1. ATP 2. CO2 3. PGAL 4. O2

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During the process of photosynthesis, energy from the sun is converted into 1. Chemical energy in the bonds of inorganic molecules 2. Chemical energy in the bonds of organic molecules 3. Enzymes used to produce inorganic molecules 4. Enzymes used to produce organic molecules

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Early investigators thought the oxygen produced by photosynthetic plants came from carbon dioxide. In fact, it comes from _____. 1. glucose 2. water 3. Air 4. electrons from NADPH

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Plants photosynthesize _____. 1. only in the dark but respire only in the light 2. only in the light but respire in light and dark 3. only in the light but respire only in the dark 4. and respire only in the light

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Question #13

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Question #19

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Question #35

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Question #38

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Use the following information to answer the questions below. Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light. What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas? 1. Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature caused by an increase in photosynthesis 2. Bacteria congregated in these areas because these areas had the most oxygen being released 3. Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature of the red and blue light 4. Bacteria are attracted to red and blue light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths

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Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs? 1. Only heterotrophs require oxygen 2. Autotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO2 and other nutrients that are inorganic 3. Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs 4. Only heterotrophs have mitochondria

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Which type of organism helps to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide? 1. Carnivores 2. Producers 3. Decomposers 4. Herbivores

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Autotrophs differ from heterotrophs in that only autotrophs 1. Require carbon dioxide for cellular respiration 2. Release oxygen as a product of cellular respiration 3. Synthesis nutrients using carbon dioxide and water 4. Break down sugars to assemble other molecules

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Chlorophyll gives plants their green color. Chlorophyll is produced only when plants are exposed to light, so plants kept in darkness have no chlorophyll and appear white. The best explanation for this is that 1. Chlorophyll is not needed by green plants at night 2. Darkness mutates the chlorophyll genes, causing them to produce a white color 3. Light is required for chlorophyll genes to be expressed 4. Genetic information in cells is not influenced by the outside environment

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Halobacterium has a photosynthetic membrane that appears purple. Its photosynthetic action spectrum is the inverse of the action spectrum for green plants. (That is, the Halobacterium action spectrum has a peak where the green plant action spectrum has a trough.) What wavelengths of light do the Halobacterium photosynthetic pigments absorb? 1. blue and red 2. blue, green, and red 3. green and yellow 4. red and yellow

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Question #14

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Question #28

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Question #32

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Question #39

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Question #40

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Question #7

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Question #8

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The interaction between guard cells and a leaf opening would not be involved in 1. Diffusion of carbon dioxide 2. Maintaining homeostasis 3. Heterotrophic nutrition 4. Feedback mechanisms

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When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of _____. 1. the electron transfer system of photosystem I 2. chemiosmosis 3. splitting water molecules 4. the electron transfer system of photosystem II

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Which process uses energy to combine inorganic molecules to synthesize organic molecules? 1. Respiration 2. Digestion 3. Photosynthesis 4. Decomposition

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Maples trees and tulips are classified as autotrophs because they both 1. Produce gametes by the process of mitosis 2. Produce carbon dioxide and water as metabolic wastes 3. Are able to obtain complex organic materials from the environment 4. Are able to synthesis organic molecules from inorganic raw materials

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Question #12

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Question #17

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Question #25

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Question #29

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Question #36

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Question #37

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Question #41

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Question #9

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Starch molecules present in a maple tree are made from materials that originally entered the tree from the external environment. What form are these materials in before entering the tree? 1. Enzymes 2. Simple sugars 3. Amino acids 4. Inorganic compounds

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The most likely result of completely removing carbon dioxide from the environment of a plant is that sugar production will 1. Continue at the same rate 2. Increase and oxygen production will also increase 3. Increase and oxygen production will stay the same 4. Decrease and eventually stop

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Use the following information to answer the questions below. Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light. An outcome of Engelmann's experiment was to help determine the relationship between _____. 1. wavelengths of light and the amount of heat released 2. wavelengths of light and the rate of aerobic respiration 3. the concentration of carbon dioxide and the rate of photosynthesis 4. wavelengths of light and the rate of photosynthesis

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Which statement best describes animals that are heterotrophs? 1. They are able to convert light energy into useful chemical bond energy 2. They are able to synthesize organic materials from inorganic raw materials 3. They are unable to consume preformed organic compounds 4. They are unable to synthesize organic materials from inorganic raw materials

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